乌鲁木齐市非金属矿物制品业大气污染物排放清单与时空分布
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摘要
基于乌鲁木齐市各类非金属矿物制品业的活动水平数据及其排放因子,建立了2015年乌鲁木齐市3种大气污染物的排放清单。2015年乌鲁木齐市非金属矿物制品业大气污染物NO_x、SO_2和PM_(2.5)的排放总量分别为1.17×10~4 t、1.63×10~4 t和8.35×10~3 t。混凝土配料行业是NO_x和SO_2的主要排放源,占比分别为56.77%和71.72%;PM_(2.5)的排放源主要是水泥(干法)行业,占比为70.23%。米东区是对NO_x、SO_2和PM_(2.5)排放量的最大贡献区域,头屯河区是NO_x和SO_2的第二大贡献区域,达坂城区是PM_(2.5)的第二大贡献区域。污染物在5～9月处于排放高峰期。蒙特卡罗法模拟结果表明,混凝土配料制品行业95%置信区间的不确定性最高,为-72%～157%。
Based on the activity level data and emission factors in non-metallic mineral products industry in Urumqi,the emission inventory of 3 air pollutants in Urumqi for 2015 were established. In 2015,the total emissions of NO_x,SO_2 and PM_(2.5) in air pollutants from non-metallic mineral products industry in Urumqi were 1.17×10~4,1.63×10~4,8.35×10~3 t,respectively. The main emission sources of NO_x and SO_2 were concrete batching,accounting for 56.77%and 71.72%. PM_(2.5) emissions were mainly related to cement industry(dry method),with contribution rate of 70.23%.In addition,Midong District was the largest contributor to NO_x,SO_2 and PM_(2.5) emissions. Toutunhe District was the second largest contributor to NO_x and SO_2,and Dabancheng District was the second largest contributor to PM_(2.5). The peak period of pollutant emission was from May to September. The simulation results by Monte Carlo method showed that the largest uncertainty with the 95% con?dence interval was from concrete batching of-72%-157%.
Based on the activity level data and emission factors in non-metallic mineral products industry in Urumqi,the emission inventory of 3 air pollutants in Urumqi for 2015 were established. In 2015,the total emissions of NO_x,SO_2 and PM_(2.5) in air pollutants from non-metallic mineral products industry in Urumqi were 1.17×10~4,1.63×10~4,8.35×10~3 t,respectively. The main emission sources of NO_x and SO_2 were concrete batching,accounting for 56.77%and 71.72%. PM_(2.5) emissions were mainly related to cement industry(dry method),with contribution rate of 70.23%.In addition,Midong District was the largest contributor to NO_x,SO_2 and PM_(2.5) emissions. Toutunhe District was the second largest contributor to NO_x and SO_2,and Dabancheng District was the second largest contributor to PM_(2.5). The peak period of pollutant emission was from May to September. The simulation results by Monte Carlo method showed that the largest uncertainty with the 95% con?dence interval was from concrete batching of-72%-157%.
引文
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[2]李珂,王燕军,王涛,等.乌鲁木齐市机动车排放清单研究[J].环境科学研究,2010,23(4):407-412.
[3]祝婕,马俊英,邓文叶,等.2014年乌鲁木齐市PM2.5排放清单研究[J].新疆环境保护,2017,39(1):46-54.
[4]康宏,袁文献,曹晓凡.新型干法水泥生产气态污染物产排放量核算研究[J].中国水泥,2011(11):33-35.
[5]CHEN W,HONG J L,XU C Q.Pollutants generated by cement production in China,their impacts,and the potential for environmental improvement[J].J Clean Prod,2015,103:61-69.
[6]罗恢泓,廖雷,王敦球,等.桂林地区大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)工业排放源清单[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(10):4942-4946.
[7]薛亦峰,曲松,闫静,等.北京市水泥工业大气污染物排放清单及污染特征[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(1):201-204.
[8]王敬,毕晓辉,冯银厂,等.乌鲁木齐市重污染期间PM2.5污染特征与来源解析[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(2):113-119.
[9]CHEN W W,TONG D Q,ZHANG S C,et al.Local PM10 and PM2.5 emission inventories from agricultural tillage and harvest in northeastern China[J].J Environ Sci,2017,57:15-23.
[10]鲁斯唯,胡清华,吴水平,等.海峡西岸经济区大气污染物排放清单的初步估算[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(10):2624-2634.
[11]柯伯俊.四川省大气污染源排放清单研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2014.
[12]ZHOU Y,CHENG S Y,CHEN D S,et al.A new statistical approach for establishing high-resolution emission inventory of primary gaseous air pollutants[J].Atmos Environ,2014,94:392-401.
[13]冯小琼,王幸锐,何敏,等.四川省2012年人为源氨排放清单及分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(2):394-401.
[14]杨柳林,曾武涛,张永波,等.珠江三角洲大气排放源清单与时空分配模型的建立[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3521-3534.
[15]黄奕玮,赵瑜,杨杨,等.基于不同方法的省级机动车大气污染物排放清单研究--以江苏省为例[J].中国科技论文,2017,12(3):346-353.
[16]CHEN C,HABERT G,BOUZIDI Y,et al.Environmental impact of cement production:detail of the different processes and cement plant variability evaluation[J].J Clean Prod,2010,18(5):478-485.
[17]KE J,ZHENG N N,FRIDLEY D,et al.Potential energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction of China’s cement industry[J].Energy Policy,2012,45:739-751.
[18]LEI Y,ZHANG Q,NIELSEN C,et al.An inventory of primary air pollutants and CO2 emissions from cement production in China,1990-2020[J].Atmos Environ,2011,45(1):147-154.
[19]WANG F Y,WANG S X,ZHANG L,et al.Mercury enrichment and its effects on atmospheric emissions in cement plants of China[J].Atmos Environ,2014,92:421-428.
[20]ALYUZ U,ALP K.Emission inventory of primary air pollutants in 2010 from industrial processes in Turkey[J].Sci Total Environ,2014,488/489:369-381.
[21]何敏,陈军辉,韩丽,等.四川省2008-2014年水泥行业大气污染物排放清单及时空分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(1):34-43.
[22]WU J,WEN C,YI L,et al.The emission inventory of atmospheric industrial pollution sources of the five cities in Zhejiang Province[J].Chin J Pop Resour Environ,2014,12(2):185-188.
[23]SHEN W G,CAO L,LI Q,et al.Quantifying CO2emissions from China’s cement industry[J].Renew Sust Energ Rev,2015,50:1004-1012.
[24]谈佳妮,余琦,马蔚纯,等.小尺度精细化大气污染源排放清单的建立--以上海宝山区为例[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(5):1099-1108.
[25]潘月云,李楠,郑君瑜,等.广东省人为源大气污染物排放清单及特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(9):2655-2669.
[26]CHRISTOPHER FREY H,ZHAO Y C.Quantification of variability and uncertainty for air toxic emission inventories with censored emission factor data[J].Environ Sci Technol,2004,38(22):6094-6100.
[27]宋学龄,李杰,刘佳.东北地区能源生产行业VOCs排放清单及不确定性分析[J].化工环保,2016,36(5):577-582.
[28]国务院第一次全国污染源普查领导小组办公室.第一次全国污染源普查工业污染源产排污系数手册:第七分册[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2008:9-141.
[29]环境保护部.大气细颗粒物一次源排放清单编制技术指南(试行)[EB/OL].(2014-08-19)[2018-04-15].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201408/W020140828351293619540.pdf.
[30]孙韧.城市高分辨率大气污染源排放清单编制技术方法与应用实例[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2016:73-98.
[31]王永红,薛志钢,柴发合,等.我国水泥工业大气污染物排放量的估算[J].环境科学研究,2008,21(2):207-212.
[32]魏巍,王书肖,郝吉明.中国人为源VOC排放清单不确定性研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):305-312.
[33]STREETS D G,BOND T C,CARMICHAEL G R,et al.An inventory of gaseous and primary aerosol emission in Asia in the year 2000[J].J Geophys Res,2003,108(D21):8809.