梁鸿乡土书写中的农民身份认同问题研究
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摘要
梁鸿的作品以平实而又深沉的叙述,揭示了现代化进程中乡村的破败、理想与现实的落差、人们精神世界的失衡,以及作家对农民身份认同问题的深刻反思。作品中新、老两代农民的身份认同存在巨大差异:老一代农民认同自己的"农民"身份,新一代则抗拒认同"农民"身份。新一代农民努力探寻出路却又无路可走,回不去又留不下的窘境,使他们陷入"双重边缘人"身份的尴尬境地。要摆脱这种困境,必须进行农民主体价值及伦理文化重建。
Liang Hong′s works reveal the dilapidation of the countryside in the process of modernization, the gap between the ideal and the reality, the imbalance of people′s spiritual world, and the writer′s deep reflection on the issue of peasant identity through plain and profound narration. Liang Hong′s novels reveal the distinct differences between the new and two generations of farmers in their identity: The old generation of farmers think themselves as farmers, but the new generation resists their identification with farmers. The new generation of farmers tries very hard to seek for outlet but in vain and neither can they return nor stay, which makes them in the embarrassing identity situation of being "doubly marginalized". To get rid of this dilemma, farmers′ subject value and ethical culture must be reestablished.
Liang Hong′s works reveal the dilapidation of the countryside in the process of modernization, the gap between the ideal and the reality, the imbalance of people′s spiritual world, and the writer′s deep reflection on the issue of peasant identity through plain and profound narration. Liang Hong′s novels reveal the distinct differences between the new and two generations of farmers in their identity: The old generation of farmers think themselves as farmers, but the new generation resists their identification with farmers. The new generation of farmers tries very hard to seek for outlet but in vain and neither can they return nor stay, which makes them in the embarrassing identity situation of being "doubly marginalized". To get rid of this dilemma, farmers′ subject value and ethical culture must be reestablished.
引文
①(14)张丽军:《新世纪乡土中国现代性蜕变的痛苦灵魂——论梁鸿的〈中国在梁庄〉和〈出梁庄记〉》,《文学评论》2016年第3期。
②⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨(12)(13)(17)梁鸿:《中国在梁庄》,中信出版社,2014年,第157、59、99、265、267、242、225、242、10页。
③④丁帆等:《中国乡土小说的世纪转型研究》,人民文学出版社,2013年,第46页。
⑩费孝通:《乡土中国》,世纪出版集团,2007年,第299—300页。
(11)梁鸿:《梁光正的光》,人民文学出版社,2017年,第10页。
(15)梁鸿:《出梁庄记》,花城出版社,2013年,第311页。
(16)贺雪峰:《什么农村,什么问题》,法律出版社,2008年,第374页。
②⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨(12)(13)(17)梁鸿:《中国在梁庄》,中信出版社,2014年,第157、59、99、265、267、242、225、242、10页。
③④丁帆等:《中国乡土小说的世纪转型研究》,人民文学出版社,2013年,第46页。
⑩费孝通:《乡土中国》,世纪出版集团,2007年,第299—300页。
(11)梁鸿:《梁光正的光》,人民文学出版社,2017年,第10页。
(15)梁鸿:《出梁庄记》,花城出版社,2013年,第311页。
(16)贺雪峰:《什么农村,什么问题》,法律出版社,2008年,第374页。