中国绿色化进程空间格局动态演变及其驱动机制
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摘要
运用综合指数法、空间计量模型等方法,对中国绿色化进程空间格局动态演变及其驱动机制进行研究。研究表明:(1) 2000～2015年中国绿色化水平从0.352提升至0.859,其中绿色增长、绿色福利和绿色治理指数呈波动上升趋势,绿色财富指数呈逐渐下降的态势;(2)中国绿色化空间分异特征从"小差距低水平"向"大差距高水平"转变,呈东部高,中部低,西部较高的"凹"字形空间格局特征;(3)经济发展水平、城镇化水平、创新投入、市场体制、全球化水平与绿色化呈显著性正相关,而产业结构(工业产值占GDP比重)与绿色化呈显著性负相关。
The article constructs a greenization evaluation index system which covers four dimensions of green growth, green welfare, green wealth and green governance based on defining the concept of"greenization".The dynamic evolution characteristics of spatial pattern of greenization process in China are analyzed through using comprehensive index method, entropy weight method, Gini coefficient, coefficient of variation, and NICH index and combined with GIS spatial analysis software. In addition, this paper analyzed the driving mechanism of the dynamic evolution of the spatial pattern of greenization process in China through using the global Moran's I index, spatial econometric model combined with Matlab 2012 data analysis software. The conclusions are as follows: 1) In 2000-2015, China's greenization level increased from 0.352 to 0.859, of which green growth, green welfare and green governance index fluctuated upward trend, while the green wealth index showed a downward trend; 2) The spatial differentiation features of China's Greenization in 2000-2015 years changed from"small gap between the low level"to"large gap between the high level", the greenization level of east and west are high, middle low, a feature of"凹"shape spatial pattern; 3) The economic development, urbanization, innovation investment, market system, globalization have significantly positively correlated with greenization. However the industrial structure(the proportion of industrial output value in GDP)showed a significant negative correlation with greenization.
The article constructs a greenization evaluation index system which covers four dimensions of green growth, green welfare, green wealth and green governance based on defining the concept of"greenization".The dynamic evolution characteristics of spatial pattern of greenization process in China are analyzed through using comprehensive index method, entropy weight method, Gini coefficient, coefficient of variation, and NICH index and combined with GIS spatial analysis software. In addition, this paper analyzed the driving mechanism of the dynamic evolution of the spatial pattern of greenization process in China through using the global Moran's I index, spatial econometric model combined with Matlab 2012 data analysis software. The conclusions are as follows: 1) In 2000-2015, China's greenization level increased from 0.352 to 0.859, of which green growth, green welfare and green governance index fluctuated upward trend, while the green wealth index showed a downward trend; 2) The spatial differentiation features of China's Greenization in 2000-2015 years changed from"small gap between the low level"to"large gap between the high level", the greenization level of east and west are high, middle low, a feature of"凹"shape spatial pattern; 3) The economic development, urbanization, innovation investment, market system, globalization have significantly positively correlated with greenization. However the industrial structure(the proportion of industrial output value in GDP)showed a significant negative correlation with greenization.
引文
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[17]郭永杰,米文宝,赵莹.宁夏县域绿色发展水平空间分异及影响因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(3):45-51.[Guo Yongjie,Mi Wenbao,Zhao Ying.Spatial variation and relevant influence factors of green development levels among the counties in Ningxia.Economic Geography,2015,35(3):45-51.]
[18]佟贺丰,杨阳,王静宜,等.中国绿色经济发展展望--基于系统动力学模型的情景分析[J].中国软科学,2015(6):20-34.[Tong Hefeng,Yang Yang,Wang Jingyi et al.Modeling China’s green economy 2050:Scenario analysis based on the system dynamics model.China Soft Science Magazine,2015(6):20-34.]
[19]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院,西南财经大学发展研究院,国家统计局中国经济景气监测中心.2015中国绿色发展指数报告:区域比较[R].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2015:18-24.[School of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Institute of Development Studies SWUFE,China Economic Monitoring&Analysis Center.China green development index report 2015:Regional comparison.Beijing:Beijing Normal University Publishing House,2015:18-24.]
[20]程钰,任建兰,侯纯光,等.沿海生态地区空间均衡内涵界定与状态评估--以黄河三角洲高效生态经济区为例[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):83-91.[Cheng Yu,Ren Jianlan,Hou Chunguang et al.Meaning of space balance and assessing the state of the coastal ecological regions:A case of the Yellow River Delta efficient ecological economic zone.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(1):83-91.]
[21]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]
[22]中华人民共和国国家统计局,中华人民共和国环境保护部.中国环境统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China,Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical yearbook on environment.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]
[23]中华人民共和国环境保护部.中国环境统计年报[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.[Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.Annual statistic report on environment in China.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2016.]
[24]中华人民共和国国家统计局能源统计司.中国能源统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[Department of Energy Statistics of National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China energy statistics yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]
[2]诸大建.绿色复苏与中国的绿色创新[J].中国科学院院刊,2010,25(2):127-137.[Zhu Dajian.Green recovery and green innovations for China.Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2010,25(2):127-137.]
[3]刘奇.树立“绿色化”新理念构建乡村治理现代化体系[J].中国发展观察,2015(5):57-60.[Liu Qi.The new concept of"greenization":Building a system of modernization of rural governance.China Development Observation,2015(5):57-60.]
[4]诸大建.从“里约+20”看绿色经济新理念和新趋势[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(9):1-7.[Zhu Dajian.New concept and trend of green economy emerging from Rio+20.China Population,Resources and Environment,2012,22(9):1-7.]
[5]付金朋,武春友.城市绿色转型与发展进程溯及[J].改革,2016(11):99-108.[Fu Jinpeng,Wu Chunyou.Urban green transformation and development process.Reform,2016(11):99-108.]
[6]黎祖交.准确把握“绿色化”的科学涵义[J].绿色中国,2015(7):40-43.[Li Zujiao.Accurately understand the scientific meaning of“Green”.Green China,2015(7):40-43.]
[7]盛馥来,诸大建,叶强生,等.绿色经济-联合国视野中的理论、方法与案例[M].北京:中国财政经济出版社,2015:32-36.[Sheng Fulai,Zhu Dajian,Ye Qiangsheng et al.Green economy:Theory methods and cases from the united nations,perspective.Beijing:Chinese Financial&Economic Publishing House,2015:32-36.]
[8]刘纯彬,张晨.资源型城市绿色转型初探--山西省太原市的启发[J].城市发展研究,2009,16(9):41-47.[Liu Chunbin,Zhang Chen.A preliminary discussion on green transformation of resource-based cities:Enlightenment from the practice of Taiyuan.Urban Studies,2009,16(9):41-47.]
[9]王庆喜,钱遂,庞尧.环境约束下中国工业化与城镇化的关系演变--效率分析视角[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):92-101.[Wang Qingxi,Qian Sui,Pang Yao.Evolutional relationship between industrialization and urbanization under environmental constraints in China:DEA analysis perspective.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(1):92-101.]
[10]魏璐瑶,陈晓红.基于精明发展的城市绩效与生态环境耦合研究--以哈长城市群为例[J].地理科学,2017,37(7):1032-1039.[Wei Luyao,Chen Xiaohong.Coupling research between urban performance and ecological environment based on smart development:A case study of Harbin-Changchun City Group.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(7):1032-1039.]
[11]黄建欢,吕海龙,王良健.金融发展影响区域绿色发展的机理--基于生态效率和空间计量的研究[J].地理研究,2014,33(3):532-545.[Huang Jianhuan,Lyu Hailong,Wang Liangjian.Mechanism of financial development influencing regional green development:Based on eco-efficiency and spatial econometrics.Geographical Research,2014,33(3):532-545.]
[12]刘艳军,田俊峰,付占辉,等.哈大巨型城市带要素集聚程度与生态环境水平关系演变[J].地理科学,2017,37(2):172-180.[Liu Yanjun,Tian Junfeng,Fu Zhanhui et al.The evolution of the relationship between the degree of element agglomeration and the level of the ecological environment in the Harbin-Dalian Giant Urban Belt.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(2):172-180.]
[13]王艳秋,胡乃联,苏以权.我国资源型城市绿色转型能力评价[J].技术经济,2012,31(5):72-76.[Wang Yanqiu,Hu Nailian,Su Yiquan.Evaluation on green transformation capability of resource-Based city.Technology Economics,2012,31(5):72-76.]
[14]苏利阳,郑红霞,王毅.中国省际工业绿色发展评估[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(8):116-122.[Su Liyang,Zheng Hongxia,Wang Yi.Evaluation on green development of China’s provincial industry.China Population,Resources and Environment,2013,23(8):116-122.]
[15]欧阳志云,赵娟娟,桂振华,等.中国城市的绿色发展评价[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2009,19(5):11-15.[Ouyang Zhiyun,Zhao Juanjuan,Gui Zhenhua et al.Evaluation of green development in cities of China.China Population,Resources and Environment,2009,19(5):11-15.]
[16]杨龙,胡晓珍.基于DEA的中国绿色经济效率地区差异与收敛分析[J].经济学家,2010(2):46-54.[Yang Long,Hu Xiaozhen.Analysis on regional difference and convergence of the efficiency of China’s green economy based on DEA.Economist,2010(2):46-54.]
[17]郭永杰,米文宝,赵莹.宁夏县域绿色发展水平空间分异及影响因素[J].经济地理,2015,35(3):45-51.[Guo Yongjie,Mi Wenbao,Zhao Ying.Spatial variation and relevant influence factors of green development levels among the counties in Ningxia.Economic Geography,2015,35(3):45-51.]
[18]佟贺丰,杨阳,王静宜,等.中国绿色经济发展展望--基于系统动力学模型的情景分析[J].中国软科学,2015(6):20-34.[Tong Hefeng,Yang Yang,Wang Jingyi et al.Modeling China’s green economy 2050:Scenario analysis based on the system dynamics model.China Soft Science Magazine,2015(6):20-34.]
[19]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院,西南财经大学发展研究院,国家统计局中国经济景气监测中心.2015中国绿色发展指数报告:区域比较[R].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2015:18-24.[School of Economics and Resource Management,Beijing Normal University,Institute of Development Studies SWUFE,China Economic Monitoring&Analysis Center.China green development index report 2015:Regional comparison.Beijing:Beijing Normal University Publishing House,2015:18-24.]
[20]程钰,任建兰,侯纯光,等.沿海生态地区空间均衡内涵界定与状态评估--以黄河三角洲高效生态经济区为例[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):83-91.[Cheng Yu,Ren Jianlan,Hou Chunguang et al.Meaning of space balance and assessing the state of the coastal ecological regions:A case of the Yellow River Delta efficient ecological economic zone.Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(1):83-91.]
[21]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]
[22]中华人民共和国国家统计局,中华人民共和国环境保护部.中国环境统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China,Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.China statistical yearbook on environment.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]
[23]中华人民共和国环境保护部.中国环境统计年报[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.[Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China.Annual statistic report on environment in China.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2016.]
[24]中华人民共和国国家统计局能源统计司.中国能源统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.[Department of Energy Statistics of National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China.China energy statistics yearbook.Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.]