农村宅基地使用权抵押影响因素研究——以重庆市巴南区280户抵押农户调查为例
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摘要
[目的]农村宅基地使用权抵押对于盘活农村土地资产、增加农业规模化经营投入、促进农民增收有着重要的意义。探析宅基地抵押影响因素,以期为推进研究区域宅基地抵押贷款工作、发挥农村宅基地现有价值提供科学参考。[方法]文章以重庆市巴南区6个街镇280户抵押农户调查为依据,采用文献调查法、农户调查法、因子分析法,从抵押农户宅基地情况、宅基地区位及社会经济服务状况、抵押过程中政府及金融机构行为措施等方面构建了12个指标体系,系统地对农村宅基地使用权抵押的影响因素进行了分析。[结果]通过模型运算,宅基地自身属性因子、社会服务影响因子、抵押物价格因子、政府行为因子累积贡献方差贡献率达到72. 892%,其所占分值分别为40. 41%、10. 61%、22. 45%、26. 53%,是影响农村宅基地使用权抵押贷款的4个关键性因素。[结论](1)农村宅基地是否闲置、结构材料等自身属性在农村宅基地使用权抵押进程中影响最显著。(2)农村宅基地价格和政府行为措施在宅基地使用权抵押进程中起着重要的角色作用。(3)农村宅基地周边基础设施、家庭收入等社会经济服务因素是影响农村宅基地抵押的潜在因素之一。鉴于此,得出建立农村宅基地信息数据库、健全农村宅基地价值评估体系、强化政府引导和服务功能等对策建议,为开展农村宅基地使用权抵押工作提供理论和实践指导。
The mortgage of rural homestead usufruct is of significance to revitalize rural land assets,increase agricultural large-scale operation,and improve the farmers' income. Based on the survey of 280 families from 6 towns of Ba'nan district,this study used the methods of literature survey,farmer survey and factor analysis to establish the index system,and analyzed the factors which affected the mortgage of rural homestead usufruct from 12 aspects including the status of the homestead,the location and its economic level,and the action from government and financing institutions. Through the model calculation,the variance contribution rate of self-condition of the homestead,social service impact factor, the price factor and government behavior factor cumulatively reached72. 892%,and their respective scores were 40. 41%,10. 61%,22. 45% and 26. 53%,which were the four key factors influencing the mortgage loan of rural homestead usufruct. The 4 main factors which affect the mortgage of rural homestead usufruct are showed as follows. First,self-condition of the homestead is the most significant impact on the mortgage process of rural homestead usufruct,including its usage condition and construction material. Second,the price and the government play an important role to promote the mortgage. Finally,socio-economic factors,such as peripheral infrastructure and family income,impact the land price evaluation. Therefore,it is important to build the information database and value appraisal system for rural homestead. And meanwhile,the government should enhance its guidance and service to benefit both counterparties,and it provides theoretical and practical guidance for the mortgage work of rural homestead usufruct.
The mortgage of rural homestead usufruct is of significance to revitalize rural land assets,increase agricultural large-scale operation,and improve the farmers' income. Based on the survey of 280 families from 6 towns of Ba'nan district,this study used the methods of literature survey,farmer survey and factor analysis to establish the index system,and analyzed the factors which affected the mortgage of rural homestead usufruct from 12 aspects including the status of the homestead,the location and its economic level,and the action from government and financing institutions. Through the model calculation,the variance contribution rate of self-condition of the homestead,social service impact factor, the price factor and government behavior factor cumulatively reached72. 892%,and their respective scores were 40. 41%,10. 61%,22. 45% and 26. 53%,which were the four key factors influencing the mortgage loan of rural homestead usufruct. The 4 main factors which affect the mortgage of rural homestead usufruct are showed as follows. First,self-condition of the homestead is the most significant impact on the mortgage process of rural homestead usufruct,including its usage condition and construction material. Second,the price and the government play an important role to promote the mortgage. Finally,socio-economic factors,such as peripheral infrastructure and family income,impact the land price evaluation. Therefore,it is important to build the information database and value appraisal system for rural homestead. And meanwhile,the government should enhance its guidance and service to benefit both counterparties,and it provides theoretical and practical guidance for the mortgage work of rural homestead usufruct.
引文
[1]吕小兰.农村宅基地使用权抵押问题研究.兰州大学硕士学位论文,2015.
[2]朱凌珂.农村宅基地抵押试点运行机制研究.浙江师范大学学报,2014,39(5):109-116.
[3]邹伟,徐博,等.农户分化对宅基地使用权抵押融资意愿的影响——基于江苏省1532个样本数据.农村经济,2017(8):33-39.
[4]惠献波.农户参与农村宅基地抵押贷款意愿及其影响因素分析.农村金融研究,2017(2):68-73.
[5]周文静,陈曦.农户对农村宅基地抵押融资意愿调查与研究——以江苏省为例.住宅与房地产,2016(10):281.
[6]原伟鹏,刘新平,等.贷款偏好视角下农户宅基地抵押行为意愿及模式选择.金融理论与实践,2017(1):82-88.
[7]彭丽坤,宁国强.农户宅基地使用权抵押贷款意愿的研究——以辽宁省为例.江苏农业科学,2014(6):467-469.
[8]肖轶,魏朝富,尹珂.农村“三权””抵押贷款需求意愿及影响因素分析——基于重庆市22个县(区)1141农户的调查数据.中国农村经济,2012(9):88-96.
[9]王平,邱道持,李广东.基于农户意愿的农村土地抵押贷款需求探讨.中国农业资源与区划,2012,33(2):73-77.
[10]陈霄.农村宅基地利用与抵押调查研究——基于重庆市不同区域农户的问卷分析.西部论坛,2010,20(3):8-16.
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[12]戴艳萍.农村宅基地使用权抵押融资的法律规制问题.农业经济,2016(5):108-110.
[13]朱宝丽.农村宅基地抵押的法律约束、实践与路径选择.生态经济,2011(11):34-37.
[14]何承斌.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押贷款的困境与出路.现代经济探讨,2014(12):70-72.
[15]衣昊翰,葆青.发展农村宅基地抵押贷款的困境与对策.城乡建设,2014(3):64-66.
[16]王敏.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押融资问题研究.市场周刊,2018(6):120-121.
[17]王丹丹.农村土地制度改革背景下的宅基地使用权抵押问题研究.未来与发展,2017(3):9-12.
[18]张洁.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押贷款研究.福建金融,2015(6):64-67.
[19]刁其怀.城乡统筹背景下的农房抵押——以四川省成都市为例.农村经济,2010(12):91-94.
[20]郭艳婷,郭振亭.农村宅基地财产权抵押贷款运行机制问题研究.湖北农业科学,2017,56(22):4363-4366.
[21]张绍阳.成都市温江区农户宅基地使用权抵押意愿影响因素研究.四川农业大学硕士学位论文,2015.
[22]王兆林,杨庆媛,张佰林,等.户籍制度改革中农户土地退出意愿及其影响因素分析.中国农村经济,2011(11):49-61.
[23]周梅.论城镇化背景下的农村金融制度创新路径.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(1):181-186.
[2]朱凌珂.农村宅基地抵押试点运行机制研究.浙江师范大学学报,2014,39(5):109-116.
[3]邹伟,徐博,等.农户分化对宅基地使用权抵押融资意愿的影响——基于江苏省1532个样本数据.农村经济,2017(8):33-39.
[4]惠献波.农户参与农村宅基地抵押贷款意愿及其影响因素分析.农村金融研究,2017(2):68-73.
[5]周文静,陈曦.农户对农村宅基地抵押融资意愿调查与研究——以江苏省为例.住宅与房地产,2016(10):281.
[6]原伟鹏,刘新平,等.贷款偏好视角下农户宅基地抵押行为意愿及模式选择.金融理论与实践,2017(1):82-88.
[7]彭丽坤,宁国强.农户宅基地使用权抵押贷款意愿的研究——以辽宁省为例.江苏农业科学,2014(6):467-469.
[8]肖轶,魏朝富,尹珂.农村“三权””抵押贷款需求意愿及影响因素分析——基于重庆市22个县(区)1141农户的调查数据.中国农村经济,2012(9):88-96.
[9]王平,邱道持,李广东.基于农户意愿的农村土地抵押贷款需求探讨.中国农业资源与区划,2012,33(2):73-77.
[10]陈霄.农村宅基地利用与抵押调查研究——基于重庆市不同区域农户的问卷分析.西部论坛,2010,20(3):8-16.
[11]刘锋.对农村信贷抵押困境的探讨.中国银行业,2016(10):84-85.
[12]戴艳萍.农村宅基地使用权抵押融资的法律规制问题.农业经济,2016(5):108-110.
[13]朱宝丽.农村宅基地抵押的法律约束、实践与路径选择.生态经济,2011(11):34-37.
[14]何承斌.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押贷款的困境与出路.现代经济探讨,2014(12):70-72.
[15]衣昊翰,葆青.发展农村宅基地抵押贷款的困境与对策.城乡建设,2014(3):64-66.
[16]王敏.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押融资问题研究.市场周刊,2018(6):120-121.
[17]王丹丹.农村土地制度改革背景下的宅基地使用权抵押问题研究.未来与发展,2017(3):9-12.
[18]张洁.我国农村宅基地使用权抵押贷款研究.福建金融,2015(6):64-67.
[19]刁其怀.城乡统筹背景下的农房抵押——以四川省成都市为例.农村经济,2010(12):91-94.
[20]郭艳婷,郭振亭.农村宅基地财产权抵押贷款运行机制问题研究.湖北农业科学,2017,56(22):4363-4366.
[21]张绍阳.成都市温江区农户宅基地使用权抵押意愿影响因素研究.四川农业大学硕士学位论文,2015.
[22]王兆林,杨庆媛,张佰林,等.户籍制度改革中农户土地退出意愿及其影响因素分析.中国农村经济,2011(11):49-61.
[23]周梅.论城镇化背景下的农村金融制度创新路径.中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(1):181-186.