2017年湘潭市苯作业工人职业健康监护
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摘要
目的了解苯对作业工人的危害现状,为预防、控制职业病发生提供科学依据。方法收集2017年湘潭市苯作业工人在岗期间职业健康检查血常规结果进行统计分析。结果受检者白细胞减少检出率为3.31%,中性粒细胞绝对值减少检出率为3.79%,血小板减少检出率为0.31%。其中小型企业和私有经济类型企业、女性以及工龄<10年的苯作业工人血常规异常检出率最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);30～39岁年龄段苯作业工人血常规异常检出率最高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论加强对小型企业和私有经济类型企业的职业卫生监督力度,定期组织职业卫生知识培训及职业健康检查,特别是要加强对重点人群的职业健康监护。
[Objective]To understand the harm of benzene to workers, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. [Methods] Blood routine results of occupational health examination of benzene workers on duty in Xiangtan City in 2017 were collected for statistical analysis.[Results] The detection rate of leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was 3.31%, 3.79% and 0.31%, respectively. Among them, small enterprises and private economy enterprises,women and benzene workers with working age <10 years had the highest abnormal rate of blood routine, with significant differences(P<0.05). The abnormal detection rate of blood routine was the highest among benzene workers aged 30-39 years, without significant difference(P>0.05).[Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen supervision over occupational health in small enterprises and enterprises operating in the private sector, to organize regular training on occupational health knowledge and occupational health examinations, and in particular, strengthen the monitoring of occupational health in key groups.
[Objective]To understand the harm of benzene to workers, and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational diseases. [Methods] Blood routine results of occupational health examination of benzene workers on duty in Xiangtan City in 2017 were collected for statistical analysis.[Results] The detection rate of leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was 3.31%, 3.79% and 0.31%, respectively. Among them, small enterprises and private economy enterprises,women and benzene workers with working age <10 years had the highest abnormal rate of blood routine, with significant differences(P<0.05). The abnormal detection rate of blood routine was the highest among benzene workers aged 30-39 years, without significant difference(P>0.05).[Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen supervision over occupational health in small enterprises and enterprises operating in the private sector, to organize regular training on occupational health knowledge and occupational health examinations, and in particular, strengthen the monitoring of occupational health in key groups.
引文
[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所.2015—2016年全国职业病报告情况[EB/OL].(2018-01-05)[2018-09-19].http://www.niohp.net.cn/zyws/4ydnb/201806/t20180604_172935.htm.
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[8]李巍,金楠.2017年重庆市职业性苯接触工人专项检查结果[J].职业与健康,2018,34(15):2025-2027,2034
[9]王洪涛.苯及同系物对女工健康影响的调查[J].职业与健康,2003,19(5):21-23.
[10]赵霞,贾光,李秋荣,等.北京市某区苯及苯系物作业女工健康状况调查分析[J].慢性病学杂志,2014,15(3):167-170.
[11]沈福海,肖淑玉,周智,等.苯作业工人防护知识和行为调查[J].现代预防医学,2009,36(23):4435-4437.
[12]孙颖妮.常熟地区苯及苯系物接触人员557名职业健康监护结果分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(20):3-5.
[13]王轶杰.接触苯系物作业人员血常规检查结果分析[J].职业与健康,2014,30(21):封二,封三.
[14]刘洋,张巧耘,陈献文,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-929.
[15]陆强.我国苯作业工人职业健康监护现状[J].职业与健康,2016,32(22):3147-3150.
[2]国务院办公厅.国家职业病防治规划(2016-2020年)[EB/OL].(2016-12-26)[2018-09-19]. http://www. nhfpc.gov. cn/bgt/gwywj2/201701/0115a89691a6441e9e13921f83af9a2e.shtml.
[3]中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国职业病防治法[S].北京:法律出版社,2017:19-21.
[4]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.职业健康监护技术规范:GBZ 188-2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:27-28.
[5]中华人民共和国卫生部.职业性苯中毒的诊断:GBZ 68-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:1-4.
[6]湖南省职业病防治院.2017年度湖南省重点职业病监测与职业健康风险评估工作手册[Z].湖南:长沙,2017:86-89.
[7]孙贵范.职业卫生与职业医学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2014:125.
[8]李巍,金楠.2017年重庆市职业性苯接触工人专项检查结果[J].职业与健康,2018,34(15):2025-2027,2034
[9]王洪涛.苯及同系物对女工健康影响的调查[J].职业与健康,2003,19(5):21-23.
[10]赵霞,贾光,李秋荣,等.北京市某区苯及苯系物作业女工健康状况调查分析[J].慢性病学杂志,2014,15(3):167-170.
[11]沈福海,肖淑玉,周智,等.苯作业工人防护知识和行为调查[J].现代预防医学,2009,36(23):4435-4437.
[12]孙颖妮.常熟地区苯及苯系物接触人员557名职业健康监护结果分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2016,7(20):3-5.
[13]王轶杰.接触苯系物作业人员血常规检查结果分析[J].职业与健康,2014,30(21):封二,封三.
[14]刘洋,张巧耘,陈献文,等.苯作业工人外周血白细胞下降及其影响因素[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(12):924-929.
[15]陆强.我国苯作业工人职业健康监护现状[J].职业与健康,2016,32(22):3147-3150.