土壤增温对杉木成熟叶不同形态氮、磷组分的影响
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摘要
以亚热带地区杉木人工幼林为研究对象,利用土壤埋设电缆增温实验平台,设置增温(5±0. 5)℃和对照两个处理,探讨杉木幼林成熟叶氮、磷含量及其不同形态组分对增温的响应.经过为时1. 5 a土壤增温,对成熟叶中氮、磷及其各组分含量分别进行测定.研究结果表明:增温处理未改变成熟叶总氮及其各形态组分含量,却显著降低了成熟叶中无机磷、糖磷、不溶磷组分含量;相关分析表明成熟叶总磷含量与无机磷组分含量极显著正相关(P=0. 000),与不溶磷组分含量显著正相关(P <0. 05).增温引起成熟叶总磷显著下降及总氮/总磷的显著增加,主要是由于成熟叶中无机磷和不溶磷组分含量显著下降导致.
A simulated soil temperature increase( 5±0. 5) ℃ experiment was carried out in a subtropical Chinese fir( Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings plantation in Sanming of Fujian Province. After one and a half years' warming,we measured concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and their fractions in mature leaves of C. lanceolata. The results showed that total nitrogen and its fractions in mature leaves of C. lanceolata were not significantly changed,in contrast,total phosphorus,inorganic phosphorus,sugar phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus were decreased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that total phosphorus concentration in mature leaves of C. lanceolata was positively correlated with inorganic phosphorus fraction( P = 0. 000) and insoluble phosphorus fraction( P < 0. 05). The significant decrease of total phosphorus concentration and increase of total nitrogen to phosphorus ratio were due to the significant decrease of inorganic and insoluble phosphorus concentrations in mature leaves of C. lanceolata.
A simulated soil temperature increase( 5±0. 5) ℃ experiment was carried out in a subtropical Chinese fir( Cunninghamia lanceolata) seedlings plantation in Sanming of Fujian Province. After one and a half years' warming,we measured concentrations of nitrogen,phosphorus and their fractions in mature leaves of C. lanceolata. The results showed that total nitrogen and its fractions in mature leaves of C. lanceolata were not significantly changed,in contrast,total phosphorus,inorganic phosphorus,sugar phosphorus and insoluble phosphorus were decreased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that total phosphorus concentration in mature leaves of C. lanceolata was positively correlated with inorganic phosphorus fraction( P = 0. 000) and insoluble phosphorus fraction( P < 0. 05). The significant decrease of total phosphorus concentration and increase of total nitrogen to phosphorus ratio were due to the significant decrease of inorganic and insoluble phosphorus concentrations in mature leaves of C. lanceolata.
引文
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[32]叶旺敏,熊德成,刘小飞,等.增温对杉木幼树生长特征的影响研究初报[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2016,11(4):89-92.
[33]刘兴宇,赵琼,曾德慧,等.樟子松针叶磷组分浓度与土壤有效磷浓度的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(3):494-498.
[34]THOMAS D S,MONTAGU K D,CONROY J P.Leaf inorganic phosphorus as a potential indicator of phosphorus status,photosynthesis and growth of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,223(1):267-274.
[35]GUSEWELL S.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J].New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[36]AERTS R.The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited:a re-evaluation of processes and patterns[J].Advances in Ecological Research,2000,30(8):1-67.
[37]TANG Z,XU W,ZHOU G,et al.Patterns of plant carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China's terrestrial ecosystems[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2018,115(16):4033-4038.
[38]REICH P B,OLEKSYN J,WRIGHT I J.Leaf phosphorus influences the photosynthesis-nitrogen relation:a cross-biome analysis of 314 species[J].Oecologia,2009,160(2):207-212.
[39]CHAPIN III F S,SHAVER G R,KEDROWSKI R A.Environmental controls over carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus fractions in eriophorum vaginatum in alaskan tussock tundra[J].Journal of Ecology,1986,74(1):167-195.
[2]SHINICHIRO K,MASAAKI N,YOSHITAKA K,et al.Seasonal changes in photosynthesis and nitrogen allocation in leaves of different ages in evergreen understory shrub Daphniphyllum humile[J].Trees,2007,21(6):619-629.
[3]TAKASHIMA T,HIKOSAKA K,HIROSE T.Photosynthesis or persistence:nitrogen allocation in leaves of evergreen and deciduous Quercus species[J].Plant Cell&Environment,2004,27(8):1047-1054.
[4]陈海英.磷高效基因型大麦磷吸收及利用的生理生化特征[D].成都:四川农业大学,2015.
[5]VENEKLAAS E J,LAMBERS H,BRAGG J,et al.Opportunities for improving phosphorus-use efficiency in crop plants[J].New Phytol,2012,195(2):306-320.
[6]THOMAS D S,MONTAGU K D,CONROY J P.Leaf inorganic phosphorus as a potential indicator of phosphorus status,photosynthesis and growth of eucalyptus grandis seedlings[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,223(1/3):267-274.
[7]LAMBERS H,CAWTHRAY G R,GIAVALISCO P,et al.Proteaceae from severely phosphorus-impoverished soils extensively replace phospholipids with galactolipids and sulfolipids during leaf development to achieve a high photosynthetic phosphorus-use-efficiency[J].New Phytol,2012,196(4):1098-1108.
[8]刘涛,陈海英.低磷胁迫下大麦叶片磷素利用特征[J].植物学报,2016,51(4):504-514.
[9]MARSCHNER P.Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2013.
[10]ALLEN S K,PLATTNER G K,NAUELS A,et al.Climate change 2013:the physical science basis.an overview of the working group 1 contribution to the fifth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change(IPCC)[J].Computational Geometry,2007,18(2):95-123.
[11]YUAN Z,CHEN H Y H.Global trends in senesced-leaf nitrogen and phosphorus[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2009,18(5):532-542.
[12]KANG H,XIN Z,BERG B,et al.Global pattern of leaf litter nitrogen and phosphorus in woody plants[J].Annals of Forest Science,2010,67(8):811-811.
[13]GE J,XIE Z.Leaf litter carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus stoichiometric patterns as related to climatic factors and leaf habits across Chinese broad-leaved tree species[J].Plant Ecology,2017,218(9):1063-1076.
[14]HAN W,FANG J,GUO D,et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J].New Phytologist,2005,168(2):377-385.
[15]REICH P B,OLEKSYN J.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2004,101(30):11001-11006.
[16]WOOD T E,CAVALERI M A,REED S C.Tropical forest carbon balance in a warmer world:a critical review spanning microbial-to ecosystem-scale processes[J].Biological Reviews,2012,87(4):912-927.
[17]HUANG Z,HE Z,WAN X,et al.Harvest residue management effects on tree growth and ecosystem carbon in a Chinese fir plantation in subtropical China[J].Plant and Soil,2013,364(1):303-314.
[18]XU J.China's new forests aren't as green as they seem[J].Nature,2011,477(7365):370-370.
[19]FEELEY K J,DAVIES S J,ASHTON P S,et al.The role of gap phase processes in the biomass dynamics of tropical forests[J].Proceedings Biological Sciences,2007,274(1627):2857.
[20]WEI X H,BLANCO J A,JIANG H,et al.Effects of nitrogen deposition on carbon sequestration in Chinese fir forest ecosystems[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,416:351-361.
[21]ZHANG Q,XIE J,LYU M,et al.Short-term effects of soil warming and nitrogen addition on the N∶P stoichiometry of Cunninghamia lanceolata in subtropical regions[J].Plant&Soil,2016,411(1/2):395-407.
[22]贝昭贤,张秋芳,郑蔚,等.模拟增温对中亚热带杉木人工林土壤磷有效性的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(3):1106-1113.
[23]陈仕东,刘小飞,熊德成,等.持续性主动增温对中亚热带森林土壤呼吸影响研究初报[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2013,8(4):1-8.
[24]CORNELISSEN J H C,LAVOREL S,GARNIER E,et al.A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide[Review][J].Australian Journal of Botany,2003,51(4):335-380.
[25]CLOSE D C,BEADLE C L.Total,and chemical fractions,of nitrogen and phosphorus in Eucalyptus seedling leaves:Effects of species,nursery fertiliser management and transplanting[J].Plant&Soil,2004,259(1/2):85-95.
[26]CHEN Y,HAN W,TANG L,et al.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of woody plants differ in responses to climate,soil and plant growth form.Ecography[J].Ecography,2013,36(2):178-184.
[27]QIAN Y,LEI D,LONGFEI Y,et al.Threshold and multiple indicators for nitrogen saturation in subtropical forests[J].Environmental Pollution,2018,241:664-673.
[28]XIONG D C,YANG Z J,CHEN G S,et al.Interactive effects of warming and nitrogen addition on fine root dynamics of a young subtropical plantation[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2018,123:180-189.
[29]刘志江,林伟盛,杨舟然,等.模拟增温和氮沉降对中亚热带杉木幼林土壤有效氮的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(1):44-53.
[30]HONG J,WANG X,WU J.Effects of soil fertility on the N∶P stoichiometry of herbaceous plants on a nutrient-limited alpine steppe on the northern Tibetan Plateau[J].Plant&Soil,2015,391(1/2):179-194.
[31]赵盼盼,高金涛.短期增温对中亚热带杉木人工幼林土壤氮磷耦合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2829-2837.
[32]叶旺敏,熊德成,刘小飞,等.增温对杉木幼树生长特征的影响研究初报[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2016,11(4):89-92.
[33]刘兴宇,赵琼,曾德慧,等.樟子松针叶磷组分浓度与土壤有效磷浓度的关系[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(3):494-498.
[34]THOMAS D S,MONTAGU K D,CONROY J P.Leaf inorganic phosphorus as a potential indicator of phosphorus status,photosynthesis and growth of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,223(1):267-274.
[35]GUSEWELL S.N∶P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J].New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[36]AERTS R.The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited:a re-evaluation of processes and patterns[J].Advances in Ecological Research,2000,30(8):1-67.
[37]TANG Z,XU W,ZHOU G,et al.Patterns of plant carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China's terrestrial ecosystems[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2018,115(16):4033-4038.
[38]REICH P B,OLEKSYN J,WRIGHT I J.Leaf phosphorus influences the photosynthesis-nitrogen relation:a cross-biome analysis of 314 species[J].Oecologia,2009,160(2):207-212.
[39]CHAPIN III F S,SHAVER G R,KEDROWSKI R A.Environmental controls over carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus fractions in eriophorum vaginatum in alaskan tussock tundra[J].Journal of Ecology,1986,74(1):167-195.