天然气水合物抑制剂甲醇回收中结垢机理研究
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摘要
天然气开采过程中,天然气水合物经常造成管道,设备的堵塞。气田上常采用甲醇作为水合物抑制剂。针对甲醇回收过程中结垢严重的运行现状,采集了现场水样和垢样对其成分进行了分析。以实验数据为基础,结合化学反应机理和结晶动力学机理,研究甲醇回收过程中的结垢机理。进而分析了结垢的影响因素。分析结果表明,甲醇回收过程中的结垢是不相容离子间相互混合以及热力学的变化的复杂结果。溶液中的成垢离子浓度,pH值,压力,温度以及矿化度都会对结垢趋势产生影响。
During gas extraction, natural gas hydrates often cause plugging of pipelines and equipment. Methanol is often used as a hydrate inhibitor on gas fields. In view of the serious operation status of fouling during the methanol recovery process, the water samples and scale samples were collected and their components were analyzed. Based on the experimental data, combined with the chemical reaction mechanism and crystallization kinetic mechanism, the mechanism of fouling in the methanol recovery process was studied. Then the influencing factors of scaling were analyzed. The results show that fouling during methanol recovery is a complex result of incompatible ions intermixing and thermodynamic changes. The concentration of scale ions in the solution, pH, pressure,temperature, and degree of mineralization all affect the fouling tendency.
During gas extraction, natural gas hydrates often cause plugging of pipelines and equipment. Methanol is often used as a hydrate inhibitor on gas fields. In view of the serious operation status of fouling during the methanol recovery process, the water samples and scale samples were collected and their components were analyzed. Based on the experimental data, combined with the chemical reaction mechanism and crystallization kinetic mechanism, the mechanism of fouling in the methanol recovery process was studied. Then the influencing factors of scaling were analyzed. The results show that fouling during methanol recovery is a complex result of incompatible ions intermixing and thermodynamic changes. The concentration of scale ions in the solution, pH, pressure,temperature, and degree of mineralization all affect the fouling tendency.
引文
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[2]Andritsos N, Karabelas A. Calcium carbonate scaling in a plate heat exchanger in the presence of particles[J]. Int J Heat Mass Transfer, 2003, 46:4613-4627
[3]张渺.NE油田结垢机理与阻垢技术研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[4]殷敬华.现代高分子物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[5]Rosa S, Lundager Madsen H E. Kinetics of mass rystallization of calcium carbonate at 25,30 and 37℃[J]. J Cryst Growth, 2011, 318(1):99-102.
[6]Turnbull D. Kinetics of heterogeneous nucleation[J]. J Chem Phys, 1950, 18(2):198-203.
[7]Abraham F. Homogeneous Nucleation Theory:The Pretransition Theory of Vapor Condensation[M]. Elsevier,2012.
[8]陈园园.三元复合驱集输系统结垢规律研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学, 2011.
[9]高小鹏,张伟峰,王炎明.孤岛油田H元复合驱油井结垢机理分析与治理措施[J].油气地质与采收率, 2003,10(2):65-66.
[10]赵锋洛.复杂断块油田产出水结垢机理研究[J].全面腐蚀控制, 2002, 17(1):13-15.
[11]Buhmann D, Dreybrodt W. The kinetics of calcite dissolution and precipitation in geologically relevant situations of karst areas:2.Closed system[J]. Chem Geol,1985, 48(1-4):189-211.
[12]杜强.川西北气矿天然气集输管道结垢机理与防垢技术对策研究[D].成都:西南石油大学, 2016.
[13]涂乙,汪伟英,吴萌.注水开发油田结垢影响因素分析[J].油气储运, 2010, 29(2):97-99.
[14]王兵,李长俊,廖柯熹,等.管道结垢原因分析及常用除垢方法[J].油气储运, 2008, 27(2):59-61.
[15]陈远清.油井结垢机理研究与防治[J].内蒙古石油化工,2009,(12):18-21.
[16]李贻浩,杨平.CaCO3结垢趋势预测在张天渠油田中的应用[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 10(1):20-21+27.
[17]陈世琛.威远气田井下油套管结垢因素的探讨[J].天然气工业, 1991, 11(5):78-83.
[18]吴辉,刘昌见,肖聪,彭丽.盐效应在分离技术中的应用[J].现代化工, 2015, 35(7):14-18.