钒渣中有价元素的富集
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摘要
目前钒渣只能提取钒,造成了大量的铁、铬的损失.本文对高铬钒渣进行综合利用,基于铁的还原,通过对还原焙烧时煤粉的加入量和煅烧温度不同的研究,磁选富集铁、钒和铬元素.通过XRD,XRF,SEM/EDS等表征手段对样品进行了研究.结果表明,添加煤粉煅烧可分别回收72. 36%的钒,79. 32%的铬和98. 61%的铁.
At present,vanadium can only be extracted from vanadium slag,resulting in the loss of iron and chromium. In this paper,comprehensive utilization of high-chromium vanadium slag is mainly based on the reduction of iron. Through controlling the adding amount of pulverized coal and calcination temperature during reduction roasting,iron,vanadium and chromium elements are enriched by magnetic separation. Samples were examined by XRD,XRF,SEM/EDS. Results showed that 72. 36% vanadium,79. 32% chromium and 98. 61%iron can be recovered,respectively.
At present,vanadium can only be extracted from vanadium slag,resulting in the loss of iron and chromium. In this paper,comprehensive utilization of high-chromium vanadium slag is mainly based on the reduction of iron. Through controlling the adding amount of pulverized coal and calcination temperature during reduction roasting,iron,vanadium and chromium elements are enriched by magnetic separation. Samples were examined by XRD,XRF,SEM/EDS. Results showed that 72. 36% vanadium,79. 32% chromium and 98. 61%iron can be recovered,respectively.
引文
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[22]吴恩辉,朱荣,杨绍利,等.提钒尾渣含碳球团电弧炉熔融还原热力学分析与试验[J].钢铁钒钛,2015,36(5):40-46.(Wu Enhui,Zhu Rong,Yang Shaoli,et al.Experimental and thermodynamic study on reduction of carbon-containing pellet of vanadium tailings smelted by electric arc furnace[J].Iron Steel Vanadium T itanium,2015,36(5):40-46.)
[23]李国伟,方民宪,秦鹏.Na2C O3、Ca O和Fe对提钒尾渣还原效果的研究[J].科学咨询,2014(32):40-42.(Li Guowei,Fang Minxian,Qin Peng.Study on the reduction effect of vanadium tailings by N a2C O3,Ca O and Fe[J].Scientific Consult,2014(32):40-42.)
[24]吴恩辉,黄平,杨绍利,等.提钒尾渣内配碳球团直接还原试验[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2011(11):17-20.(Wu Enhui,Huang Ping,Yang Shaoli,et al.Experimental study on direct reduction of vanadium tailings carboncontaining pellets[J].N onferrous M etals(Extractive M etallurgy),2011(11):17-20.)
[25]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1981:47-85.(Huang Xihu.The principle of the iron and steel metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1981:47-85.)
[26]白仕平.高炉瓦斯泥高效利用的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.(Bai S P.Study on efficient utilization of BF gas slime[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2007.)
[27]周进华.铁合金生产技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:103-116.(Zhou J H.Ferroalloy production technology[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991:103-116.)
[28]徐采栋,林蓉,汪大成.锌冶金物理化学[M].上海:科学技术出版社,1979:373-395.(Xu C D,Lin Y,Wang D C.Zinc metallurgical physical chemistry[M].Shanghai:Science Press,1979:373-395.)
[29]鲁晓娟,谢刚,曾桂生,等.自热熔炼含镍铜精矿的热力学分析[J].有色金属工程,2004,56(1):31-33.(Lu X J,Xie G,Zeng G S,et al.Thermodynamic analysis on autogenous smelting of nickeliferous copper concentrate[J].Nonferrous Metal,2004,56(1):31-33.)
[30]Hardie G J,Taylor I F,Ganser J M,et al.Adaptation of injection technology for the HIsmelt process[C]//Savard Lee International Symposium on Bath Smelting.Canada:TMS,1992:623-644.
[31]杨合,毛林强,薛向欣,等.提钒尾渣配碳直接还原铁试验[J].钢铁钒钛,2013,34(5):28-32.(Yang H,Mao L Q,Xue X X,et al.Experiment on the coal-based direct reduced iron of vanadium-tailing[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2013,34(5):28-32.)
[2]Jia L,Zhang Y M,Tao L,et al.A methodology for assessing cleaner production in the vanadium extraction industry[J].Journal of C leaner Production,2014,84(1):598-605.
[3]Kim E,Spooren J,Broos K,et al.Valorization of stainless steel slag by selective chromium recovery and subsequent carbonation of the matrix material[J].Journal of C leaner Production,2016,117:221-228.
[4]Li H Y,Wang K,Hua W H,et al.Selective leaching of vanadium in calcification-roasted vanadium slag by ammonium carbonate[J].Hydrometallurgy,2016,160:18-25.
[5]Lundkvist K,Bramming M,Larsson M,et al.System analysis of slag utilisation from vanadium recovery in an integrated steel plant[J].Journal of C leaner Production,2013,47(5):43-51.
[6]Song W C,Li H,Zhu F X,et al.Extraction of vanadium from molten vanadium bearing slag by oxidation w ith pure oxygen in the presence of C a O[J].T ransactions of N onferrous M etals Society of C hina,2014,24(8):2687-2694.
[7]Yang Z,Li H Y,Yin X C,et al.Leaching kinetics of calcification roasted vanadium slag w ith high C a O content by sulfuric acid[J].International Journal of M ineral Processing,2014,133:105-111.
[8]Zhang G,Zhang T A,Lv G Z,et al.Effects of microwave roasting on the kinetics of extracting vanadium from vanadium slag[J].JO M,2016,68(2):577-584.
[9]Zhang X F,Liu F G,Xue X X,et al.Effects of microwave and conventional blank roasting on oxidation behavior,microstructure and surface morphology of vanadium slag w ith high chromium content[J].Journal of Alloys&C ompounds,2016,686:356-365.
[10]Gabra G,Malinsky I.A comparative study of the extraction of vanadium from titaniferous magnetite and slag[C]//Processing Symposium,Extractive M etallurgy of R efractory M etals.C hicago:110th AIM E Annu M eet,1981:167-189.
[11]Bradbury D S.The production of vanadium pentoxide[C]//Vanadium,Geology,Processing and Applications,Proceedings of the International Symposium on Vanadium.M ontreal:T he C anadian Institute of M ining,M etallurgy and Petroleum,2002:115-130.
[12]Song W C,Li K,Zheng Q,et al.A novel process of vanadium extraction from molten vanadium bearing slag[J].W aste&Biomass Valorization,2014,5(3):327-332.
[13]Li H Y,Fang H X,Wang K,et al.Asynchronous extraction of vanadium and chromium from vanadium slag by stepw ise sodium roasting-w ater leaching[J].Hydrometallurgy,2015,156:124-135.
[14]曹鹏.钒渣钙化焙烧试验研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2012,33(1):30-34.(Cao P.Research on vanadium slag roasted with calcium salt[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium.2012,33(1):30-34.)
[15]Chen D S,Zhao L S,Liu Y H,et al.A novel process for recovery of iron,titanium,and vanadium from titanomagnetite concentrates:N a O H molten salt roasting and w ater leaching processes[J].Journal of Hazardous M aterials,2013,244-245(2):588-595.
[16]Diao J,Xie B,Wang Y D,et al.Mineralogical characterisation of vanadium slag under different treatment conditions[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2009,36(6):476-480.
[17]黄道鑫.提钒炼钢[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:17-26.(Huang D X.Vanadium extraction and steelmaking[M].Beijing:M etallurgical Industry Press,2000:17-26.)
[18]Moskalyk R R,Alfantazi A M.Processing of vanadium:a review[J].M inerals Engineering,2003,16(9):793-805.
[19]Zhang X,Xie B,Diao J,et al.Nucleation and growth kinetics of spinel crystals in vanadium slag[J].Ironmaking&Steelmaking,2012,39(2):147-154.
[20]韩吉庆,张力,崔东,等.提钒后钒钛磁铁精矿直接还原研究[J].材料与冶金学报,2018,17(2):101-106,113.(Han Jiqing,Zhang Li,Cui Dong,et al.Study on direct reduction of vanadium-titanium magnetite concentrate extracted vanadium[J].Journal of M aterials and M etallurgy,2018,17(2):101-106,113.)
[21]毕秀荣,刘纲,王慧霞,等.钒渣去钠提铁基础性能实验研究[J].冶金设备,2014(1):20-23.(Bi Xiurong,Liu Gang,Wang Huixia,et al.Experimental research on extracting iron and removing sodium from extract vanadium tailings[J].M etallurgical Equipment,2014(1):20-23.)
[22]吴恩辉,朱荣,杨绍利,等.提钒尾渣含碳球团电弧炉熔融还原热力学分析与试验[J].钢铁钒钛,2015,36(5):40-46.(Wu Enhui,Zhu Rong,Yang Shaoli,et al.Experimental and thermodynamic study on reduction of carbon-containing pellet of vanadium tailings smelted by electric arc furnace[J].Iron Steel Vanadium T itanium,2015,36(5):40-46.)
[23]李国伟,方民宪,秦鹏.Na2C O3、Ca O和Fe对提钒尾渣还原效果的研究[J].科学咨询,2014(32):40-42.(Li Guowei,Fang Minxian,Qin Peng.Study on the reduction effect of vanadium tailings by N a2C O3,Ca O and Fe[J].Scientific Consult,2014(32):40-42.)
[24]吴恩辉,黄平,杨绍利,等.提钒尾渣内配碳球团直接还原试验[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2011(11):17-20.(Wu Enhui,Huang Ping,Yang Shaoli,et al.Experimental study on direct reduction of vanadium tailings carboncontaining pellets[J].N onferrous M etals(Extractive M etallurgy),2011(11):17-20.)
[25]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1981:47-85.(Huang Xihu.The principle of the iron and steel metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1981:47-85.)
[26]白仕平.高炉瓦斯泥高效利用的研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2007.(Bai S P.Study on efficient utilization of BF gas slime[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2007.)
[27]周进华.铁合金生产技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:103-116.(Zhou J H.Ferroalloy production technology[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991:103-116.)
[28]徐采栋,林蓉,汪大成.锌冶金物理化学[M].上海:科学技术出版社,1979:373-395.(Xu C D,Lin Y,Wang D C.Zinc metallurgical physical chemistry[M].Shanghai:Science Press,1979:373-395.)
[29]鲁晓娟,谢刚,曾桂生,等.自热熔炼含镍铜精矿的热力学分析[J].有色金属工程,2004,56(1):31-33.(Lu X J,Xie G,Zeng G S,et al.Thermodynamic analysis on autogenous smelting of nickeliferous copper concentrate[J].Nonferrous Metal,2004,56(1):31-33.)
[30]Hardie G J,Taylor I F,Ganser J M,et al.Adaptation of injection technology for the HIsmelt process[C]//Savard Lee International Symposium on Bath Smelting.Canada:TMS,1992:623-644.
[31]杨合,毛林强,薛向欣,等.提钒尾渣配碳直接还原铁试验[J].钢铁钒钛,2013,34(5):28-32.(Yang H,Mao L Q,Xue X X,et al.Experiment on the coal-based direct reduced iron of vanadium-tailing[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2013,34(5):28-32.)