高填方双层衬砌式明洞土压力和结构内力特性研究
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摘要
采用现场测试和数值分析方法对高填方双层衬砌明洞的土压力和结构内力进行研究,分析明洞上方和两侧土体的沉降差分布,结果表明:明洞垂直土压力系数在回填过程中先增大再减小最后趋于稳定,明洞上方与两侧土体沉降差使其土压力值高于土体自重;在相同的填方高度下,基础刚度对明洞荷载有较大影响,混凝土大坝基础明洞的土压力系数可达基岩基础明洞的1.5倍以上,内外侧土柱沉降差前者达到后者的6倍。在回填土达到拱顶前,衬砌结构内力变化缓慢,回填土达到拱顶后结构内力线性增大,且混凝土大坝基础明洞轴力值达到基岩基础明洞的1.2～1.6倍,弯矩值则为1.6～2.4倍;此外,外层和内层衬砌的轴力比与二者的厚度比基本一致,轴力分配与组合梁类似。
Field test and numerical method were adopted to study the earth pressure and structural internal force of a high-fill open cut tunnel consisting of bi-layer linings with different foundation stiffness,and to analyze the differential settlement between top soil and side soil of the tunnel.The conclusions are as follows:During the backfilling process,the vertical earth pressure coefficient increases at first then decreases slowly to a relatively stable value.The differential settlement between the top soil and the side soil makes the earth pressure larger than the dead-load of earth above the tunnel.Under the same filling height,the foundation stiffness has a great influence on the load of open cut tunnel.The maximum earth pressure coefficient value of open cut tunnel with high stiffness foundation is 1.5 times larger than the one with lower stiffness while its settlement difference of inner and outer soil pillar is 6 times larger than the other one.Before the backfill soil reaches the arch,the internal force of the linings changes slowly,and then increases linearly when the backfill soil reaches the arch.The axial force of the structure with thick concrete foundation is 1.2～1.6 times larger than the one with bedrock foundation,while its bending moment is 1.6～2.4 times larger than the other one.Moreover,the axial force ratio of the inner and outer linings is close to their thickness proportion,and the interaction mode between the two layers is similar to that of the composite beam.
Field test and numerical method were adopted to study the earth pressure and structural internal force of a high-fill open cut tunnel consisting of bi-layer linings with different foundation stiffness,and to analyze the differential settlement between top soil and side soil of the tunnel.The conclusions are as follows:During the backfilling process,the vertical earth pressure coefficient increases at first then decreases slowly to a relatively stable value.The differential settlement between the top soil and the side soil makes the earth pressure larger than the dead-load of earth above the tunnel.Under the same filling height,the foundation stiffness has a great influence on the load of open cut tunnel.The maximum earth pressure coefficient value of open cut tunnel with high stiffness foundation is 1.5 times larger than the one with lower stiffness while its settlement difference of inner and outer soil pillar is 6 times larger than the other one.Before the backfill soil reaches the arch,the internal force of the linings changes slowly,and then increases linearly when the backfill soil reaches the arch.The axial force of the structure with thick concrete foundation is 1.2～1.6 times larger than the one with bedrock foundation,while its bending moment is 1.6～2.4 times larger than the other one.Moreover,the axial force ratio of the inner and outer linings is close to their thickness proportion,and the interaction mode between the two layers is similar to that of the composite beam.
引文
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[2]王帅帅,高波,申玉生.P波入射下浅埋圆形复合式衬砌隧道减震力学特性研究[J].铁道学报,2016,38(6):108-115.WANG Shuaishuai,GAO Bo,SHEN Yusheng.Study on Damping Mechanism of Circular Composite-lined Shallow Buried Tunnel Subjected to Incident P Wave[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(6):108-115.
[3]晏启祥,姚超凡,何川,等.水下盾构隧道双层衬砌分析模型的比较研究[J].铁道学报,2015,37(12):114-120.YAN Qixiang,YAO Chaofan,HE Chuan,et al.Comparative Study of Analysis Model for Underwater Shield Tunnel with Double Linings[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2015,37(12):114-120.
[4]梁敏飞,张哲,李策,等.盾构隧道双层衬砌结构三维力学分析模型及验证[J].岩土工程学报,2018-09-29.LIANG Minfei,ZHANG Zhe,LI Ce,et al.Three-dimensional Mechanical Analysis Model and Verification of Shield Tunnel With Double-layer Lining[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018-09-29.
[5]王华宁,宋飞,蒋明镜.基于时效理论解的双层衬砌圆形隧道围岩压力分担的简便计算法[J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(9):1600-1608.WANG Huaning,SONG Fei,JIANG Mingjing.Simple Method for Supporting Pressure Determination of Doubleliner Circular Tunnels Excavated in Rheological Rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(9):1600-1608.
[6]李磊,谭忠盛.铁路隧道作用(荷载)组合研究[J].铁道学报,2017,39(1):118-124.LI Lei,TAN Zhongsheng.Study on Combination of Actions(Loads)of Railway Tunnels[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2017,39(1):118-124.
[7]陈保国,骆瑞萍,孙金山.上埋式盖板涵受力特性及影响因素研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(1):199-206.CHEN Baoguo,LUO Ruiping,SUN Jinshan.Study of Stress Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors of Embankment Installation Slab-culverts[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(1):199-206.
[8]陈保国,孙金山,张磊.上埋式钢筋混凝土拱涵受力特性及地基处理研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(5):1500-1506.CHEN Baoguo,SUN Jinshan,ZHANG Lei.Study of Stressing State and Ground Treatment of Reinforced Concrete Arch Culvert[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(5):1500-1506.
[9]魏瑞,曹周阳,顾安全.高填方大直径钢波纹管涵减荷试验[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2018,38(3):1-9.WEI Rui,CAO Zhouyang,GU Anquan.Load Reduction Experimental of High Fill Soil Large Diameter Corrugated Steel Pipe Culvert[J].Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition),2018,38(3):1-9.
[10]李国维,欧健,仇红超,等.高填路基盖板涵外界面受力状态形成机制研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018,40(6):1152-1160.LI Guowei,OU Jian,QIU Hongchao,et al.Mechanism of Stress Characteristics on Surface of Slab-culverts under High Embankments[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018,40(6):1152-1160.
[11]张军辉,郑健龙,张涛.软基上埋式箱涵土压力的离心模型试验研究[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(7):53-59.ZHANG Junhui,ZHENG Jianlong,ZHANG Tao.Experimental Research of Centrifuge Model of Soil Pressure on Positive-buried Box Culvert on Soft Foundation[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(7):53-59.
[12]万黎明.基于室内模型试验的高填方路堤涵洞土压力研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2018.
[13]李盛,王起才,马莉,等.高填土明洞土压力减载计算[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(11):58-63.LI Sheng,WANG Qicai,MA Li,et al.Calculation Load Reduction of Earth Pressure on High Fill Open-cut Tunnel[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Nature Science Edition),2013,41(11):58-63.
[14]李盛,王起才,马莉,等.黄土地区高填土明洞土拱效应及土压力减载计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(5):1055-1062.LI Sheng,WANG Qicai,MA Li,et al.Earth Pressure and Soil Arch Effect for High Fill Open Cut Tunnel in Loess Area under Different Load Reduction Schemes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(5):1055-1062.