东北红豆杉生境适宜性评价
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摘要
【目的】生境适宜性评价研究对于物种的保护和管理具有重要意义。过去物种分布研究仅限于模型使用没有提出明确的评价方法,而传统生境质量评价依赖于经验评分而易造成主观偏差。本文利用模糊数学方法结合生境适宜性指数(Habitat suitability index,HSI)模型研究国家一级保护植物东北红豆杉的生境适宜性与环境因子间的响应关系,以期为东北红豆杉物种保护提供理论依据。【方法】以物种个体多度作为生境适宜性指示因子,使用模糊数学构建单因子评价函数,通过HSI模型计算生境适宜性指数并绘制生境适宜性空间分布图。【结果】气候评价因子按熵信息重要性排序为最小月降水量>年平均温>夏季平均温>平均温度日较差;地形评价因子重要性排序为坡向>坡位>坡度>海拔。模型评价检验结果准确率为65%,受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.7。模型预测显示东北红豆杉分布区面积狭小且破碎化严重,生境斑块面积多在1.39～2.78 km~2;高适生区集中分布于吉林省东部、黑龙江省东南部,面积约为41 300 km~2;低适生区集中分布于吉林省东南部,面积约为62 800 km~2。【结论】利用模糊数学结合HSI模型研究环境变量与东北红豆杉多度间关系,可用于评价生境适宜性。模型预测结果一定程度地反映了物种高、低生境适宜区的空间格局,可为制定物种保护策略提供科学依据。
[Objective] Habitat suitability assessment is of great significance for species conservation and management. Previous studies on species distribution relied solely on various models without a clear evaluation method. Traditional assessment of habitat quality which relied on experiential scoring was prone to subjective bias. This paper avails itself of fuzzy mathematics and habitat suitability index(HSI) model to study the response relationship between habitat suitability and environmental factors with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for conservation of Taxus cuspidata. [Method] Species individual abundance was used as a habitat suitability indicator, fuzzy mathematics as tool to construct single factor evaluation functions, and HSI model as tool to calculate the habitat suitability index. Then the spatial distribution map of habitat suitability was drawn. [Result] The climatic evaluation factors were ranked as minimum precipitation of the driest month > annual mean temperature > mean temperature of summer > mean diurnal temperature range according to the importance of entropy information, and the topographic evaluation factors were ranked as slope aspect > slope position > slope degree > elevation. The accuracy of model test was 65%, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.7. The model prediction showed that the distribution of Taxus cuspidata was narrow and severely fragmented, and the area of habitat plaque was 1.39-2.78 km~2. The highly suitable areas were mainly distributed in the eastern part of Jilin Province and southeastern part of Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China, covering approximately 41 300 km~2;the lowly suitable areas concentrated in the southeastern of Jilin Province, covering approximately 62 800 km~2. [Conclusion] The combination of fuzzy mathematics with HSI model to study the relationship between environmental variables and the individual abundance of Taxus cuspidata was available to evaluate habitat suitability. The model prediction results, to a certain extent, reflect the spatial pattern of the highly and lowly suitable areas, which can provide a scientific basis for developing species conservation strategy.
[Objective] Habitat suitability assessment is of great significance for species conservation and management. Previous studies on species distribution relied solely on various models without a clear evaluation method. Traditional assessment of habitat quality which relied on experiential scoring was prone to subjective bias. This paper avails itself of fuzzy mathematics and habitat suitability index(HSI) model to study the response relationship between habitat suitability and environmental factors with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for conservation of Taxus cuspidata. [Method] Species individual abundance was used as a habitat suitability indicator, fuzzy mathematics as tool to construct single factor evaluation functions, and HSI model as tool to calculate the habitat suitability index. Then the spatial distribution map of habitat suitability was drawn. [Result] The climatic evaluation factors were ranked as minimum precipitation of the driest month > annual mean temperature > mean temperature of summer > mean diurnal temperature range according to the importance of entropy information, and the topographic evaluation factors were ranked as slope aspect > slope position > slope degree > elevation. The accuracy of model test was 65%, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.7. The model prediction showed that the distribution of Taxus cuspidata was narrow and severely fragmented, and the area of habitat plaque was 1.39-2.78 km~2. The highly suitable areas were mainly distributed in the eastern part of Jilin Province and southeastern part of Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China, covering approximately 41 300 km~2;the lowly suitable areas concentrated in the southeastern of Jilin Province, covering approximately 62 800 km~2. [Conclusion] The combination of fuzzy mathematics with HSI model to study the relationship between environmental variables and the individual abundance of Taxus cuspidata was available to evaluate habitat suitability. The model prediction results, to a certain extent, reflect the spatial pattern of the highly and lowly suitable areas, which can provide a scientific basis for developing species conservation strategy.
引文
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[6]Lu C Y,Gu W,Dai A H,et al.Assessing habitat suitability based on geographic information system(GIS)and fuzzy:a case study of Schisandra sphenanthera in Qinling Mountains,China[J].Ecological Modelling,2012,242(3):105-115.
[7]毛亚娟,卫海燕,尚忠慧,等.基于GIS与模糊物元模型的东北地区五味子生境适宜性评价[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(2):241-248.Mao Y J,Wei H Y,Shang Z H,et al.Habitat suitability assessment of Schisandra chinensis in northeast China based on GIS and fuzzy matter element model[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2016,22(2):241-248.
[8]王志强,陈志超,郝成元.基于HSI模型的扎龙国家级自然保护区丹顶鹤繁殖生境适宜性评价[J].湿地科学,2009,7(3):197-201.Wang Z Q,Chen Z C,Hao C Y.Breeding habitat suitability evaluation of red-crown crane in Zhalong[J].Wetland Science,2009,7(3):197-201.
[9]吴榜华,戚继忠.东北红豆杉植物地理学研究[J].应用与环境生物学报,1995,1(3):219-225.Wu B H,Qi J Z.Study on phytogeography of Taxus cuspidata[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,1995,1(3):219-225.
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[14]Shi Q W,Li Z P,Wang C L,et al.New taxanes from the seeds of Taxus mairei[J].Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2006,8(5):431-437.
[15]Petzke T L,Shi Q W,Sauriol F,et al.Taxanes from rooted cuttings of Taxus canadensis[J].Journal of Natural Products,2004,67(11):1864.
[16]吴炳强,王永明,徐录,等.长白山区建立规模化规范化东北红豆杉药用林示范园区研究[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(27):141-143.Wu B Q,Wang Y M,Xu L,et al.Establishment of large standardized demonstration garden of Taxus cupidata medicinal herbs in Changbai Mountain District[J].Journal of Anhui Agri,2015,43(27):141-143.
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