设备-结构-土体系振动台实时子结构试验方法探讨
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摘要
该文探讨了设备-结构-土体系振动台实时子结构试验方法的可行性,将设备-结构体系作为由振动台加载控制的试验子结构,同时将自由度缩减后的土体作为由仿真软件计算的数值子结构,试验时两者之间进行数据实时交互。首先基于分支模态子结构方法推导了设备-结构-线性土体系运动方程,并对各体系运动方程进行了变换,将其应用于设备-结构-线性土体系振动台实时子结构试验。然后结合土体在强震作用下并非全部进入非线性阶段的特点,提出采用局部非线性土模型作为数值子结构参与振动台实时子结构试验的思路,并应用分支模态子结构法与线性-非线性混合约束模态子结构法推导了设备-结构-局部非线性土体系的运动方程。设计了设备-结构-土相互作用缩尺模型,进行了各地震动作用下的设备-结构-线性土体系振动台实时子结构试验。通过比较振动台实时子结构试验结果与数值计算结果,发现两者之间吻合良好,证明该试验方法是可靠有效的。
The feasibility study about the shaking table real-time substructure experimental method of an equipment-structure-soil system is discussed. The equipment-structure system is adopted as an experimental substructure loaded by a shaking table. Meanwhile, a finite-element model of soil is adopted as a numerical substructure after the degrees of freedom reduction. Real-time data communication occurs between the two parts during test. Based on a branch modal substructure method, the motion equation of an equipment-structure-soil system is deduced. The equation is converted and applied to the substructure experiment. Considering that the soil does not entirely enter the nonlinear stage under strong earthquakes, the local nonlinear soil model can be used as a numerical substructure and the equation of motion for the equipment-structure-local nonlinear soil system is derived using the branch modal substructure method and linear-nonlinear hybrid constraint modal substructure method. An equipment-structure-soil interaction scale model is designed and tested using the experimental method under different earthquake records. A good agreement is observed upon the comparison of results between the experimental and numerical calculation methods, which corroborates the reliability and validity of the proposed testing method.
The feasibility study about the shaking table real-time substructure experimental method of an equipment-structure-soil system is discussed. The equipment-structure system is adopted as an experimental substructure loaded by a shaking table. Meanwhile, a finite-element model of soil is adopted as a numerical substructure after the degrees of freedom reduction. Real-time data communication occurs between the two parts during test. Based on a branch modal substructure method, the motion equation of an equipment-structure-soil system is deduced. The equation is converted and applied to the substructure experiment. Considering that the soil does not entirely enter the nonlinear stage under strong earthquakes, the local nonlinear soil model can be used as a numerical substructure and the equation of motion for the equipment-structure-local nonlinear soil system is derived using the branch modal substructure method and linear-nonlinear hybrid constraint modal substructure method. An equipment-structure-soil interaction scale model is designed and tested using the experimental method under different earthquake records. A good agreement is observed upon the comparison of results between the experimental and numerical calculation methods, which corroborates the reliability and validity of the proposed testing method.
引文
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[13]姜忻良,徐炳伟,李竹.土-桩-结构振动台模型试验相似理论及其实施[J].振动工程学报,2010,23(2):225―229.Jiang Xinliang,Xu Bingwei,Li Zhu.Similitude laws and its application in shaking table test of soil-pile-structure interaction system[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2010,23(2):225―229.(in Chinese)
[14]Li Y,Jiang X L.Parametric analysis of eccentric structure-soil interaction system based on branch mode decoupling method[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2013,48(6):63―70.
[15]周惠蒙,吴斌,王涛,等.基于速度的显式等效力控制方法的研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(6):15―22.Zhou Huimeng,Wu Bin,Wang Tao,et al.Explicit equivalent force control method based on velocity[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(6):15―22.(in Chinese)
[16]唐贞云,陈适才,张金喜,等.基于振动台的实时动力子结构实验系统稳定性预测研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(12):217―224.Tang Zhenyun,Chen Shicai,Zhang Jinxi,et al.Study on the stability prediction of real-time dynamic substructure system based on shaking table[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(12):217―224.(in Chinese)
[17]Tagawa Y,Tu J Y,Stoten D P.Inverse dynamics compensation via'simulation of feedback control systems’[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part I Journal of Systems and Control Engineering,2010,225(1):137―153.
[18]Guo J,Tang Z Y,Chen S,et al.Control strategy for the substructuring testing systems to simulate soil-structure interaction[J].Smart Structures and Systems,2016,18(6):1169―1188.
[2]尚守平,鲁华伟,邹新平,等.土与结构相互作用大比例模型试验研究[J].工程力学,2013,30(9):41―46.Shang Shouping,Lu Huawei,Zou Xinping,et al.Experimental study on soil-structure interaction through large scale model tests[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(9):41―46.(in Chinese)
[3]Park H,Ha J,Kwon S,et al.Investigation of the dynamic behaviour of a storage tank with different foundation types focusing on the soil-foundation-structure interactions using centrifuge model tests[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2017,46(1):2301―2316.
[4]Nakashima M,Kato H,Takaoka E.Development of real-time pseudo dynamic testing[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1992,21(1):79―92.
[5]Wang Q,Wang J,Jin F,et al.Real-time dynamic hybrid testing for soil-structure interaction analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2011,31(12):1690―1702.
[6]闫晓宇,李忠献,韩强,等.考虑土-结构相互作用的大跨度连续刚构桥振动台阵试验研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(2):58―65.Yan Xiaoyu,Li Zhongxian,Han Qiang,et al.Shaking tables test on a long-span rigid-framed bridge considering soil-structure interaction[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(2):58―65.(in Chinese)
[7]郭珺,唐贞云,李易,等.基于子结构试验的土-结构相互作用实现研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(增刊1):214―219.Guo Jun,Tang Zhenyun,Li Yi,et al.The simulation of soil structure interaction based on substructuring testing[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(Suppl 1):214―219.(in Chinese)
[8]Lee S K,Park E C,Min K W,et al.Real-time substructuring technique for the shaking table test of upper substructures[J].Engineering Structures,2007,29(9):2219―2232.
[9]Zhang R,Lauenstein P V,Phillips B M.Real-time hybrid simulation of a shear building with a uni-axial shake table[J].Engineering Structures,2016,119:217―229.
[10]姜忻良,严士超.分枝模态二步分析法及其在液体-结构-桩土体系中的应用[J].振动工程学报,1994,7(4):346―351.Jiang Xinliang,Yan Shichao.Two step method of the branched modal and its use for liquid-structure-pile-soil interaction system[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering1994,7(4):346―351.(in Chinese)
[11]Bolisetti C,Whittaker A S,Coleman J L.Linear and nonlinear soil-structure interaction analysis of buildings and safety-related nuclear structures[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2018,107:218―233.
[12]王菲,姜南.土-结构三维动力分析的线性-非线性混合子结构法[J].工程力学,2012,29(1):155―161.Wang Fei,Jiang Nan.3D dynamic analysis of soil-structure interaction system based on mixed linear-nonlinear substructure method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(1):155―161.(In Chinese).
[13]姜忻良,徐炳伟,李竹.土-桩-结构振动台模型试验相似理论及其实施[J].振动工程学报,2010,23(2):225―229.Jiang Xinliang,Xu Bingwei,Li Zhu.Similitude laws and its application in shaking table test of soil-pile-structure interaction system[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2010,23(2):225―229.(in Chinese)
[14]Li Y,Jiang X L.Parametric analysis of eccentric structure-soil interaction system based on branch mode decoupling method[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2013,48(6):63―70.
[15]周惠蒙,吴斌,王涛,等.基于速度的显式等效力控制方法的研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(6):15―22.Zhou Huimeng,Wu Bin,Wang Tao,et al.Explicit equivalent force control method based on velocity[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(6):15―22.(in Chinese)
[16]唐贞云,陈适才,张金喜,等.基于振动台的实时动力子结构实验系统稳定性预测研究[J].工程力学,2016,33(12):217―224.Tang Zhenyun,Chen Shicai,Zhang Jinxi,et al.Study on the stability prediction of real-time dynamic substructure system based on shaking table[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(12):217―224.(in Chinese)
[17]Tagawa Y,Tu J Y,Stoten D P.Inverse dynamics compensation via'simulation of feedback control systems’[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part I Journal of Systems and Control Engineering,2010,225(1):137―153.
[18]Guo J,Tang Z Y,Chen S,et al.Control strategy for the substructuring testing systems to simulate soil-structure interaction[J].Smart Structures and Systems,2016,18(6):1169―1188.