基于PO-PTD的航空器对下滑道结构影响的动态研究
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摘要
下滑信标是仪表着陆系统的重要组成部分,为进近中的航空器提供垂直方位引导。进行障碍物对下滑信标信号影响的精确分析可以为导航台站选址及解决导航台运行中存在的问题提供理论依据。本文基于物理光学-物理绕射理论(Physical optics-physical theory of diffraction,PO-PTD)算法,结合空客A320-200型客机以及机场三维模型对下滑信标的下滑道结构影响进行了静态分析。在静态分析的基础上,对飞机在滑行道上滑行且五边上有飞机进近时的影响进行了动态研究,找出了某机场飞行员长期反映的下滑道信号不稳问题的原因。动态研究数据与飞行校验结果进行了比对并与飞行校验结果吻合。
Glide-slope is an important part of the instrument landing system(ILS)offering vertical azimuth guidance for approaching aircraft.Accurate analysis of the influence of obstacles on the glide-slope signal can provide theoretical basis for the siting of a navigation facility and for the resolution of problems existing in the actual operation of the navigation facility.Based on the physical optics-physical theory of diffraction(PO-PTD)algorithm,combined with the Airbus A320-200 and the three-dimensional airport model,a static analysis of the influence is studied on glide slope approach.Based on the static analysis,a dynamic research is carried out on the influence from sliding aircraft on the taxiway meanwhile aircraft approaching in the final stage of airfield traffic pattern,which identified the cause of instability of the glide-slope signal reported by pilots for long time at an airport.Data of dynamic research is compared with the flight inspection result and found to be consistent with the flight inspection result.
Glide-slope is an important part of the instrument landing system(ILS)offering vertical azimuth guidance for approaching aircraft.Accurate analysis of the influence of obstacles on the glide-slope signal can provide theoretical basis for the siting of a navigation facility and for the resolution of problems existing in the actual operation of the navigation facility.Based on the physical optics-physical theory of diffraction(PO-PTD)algorithm,combined with the Airbus A320-200 and the three-dimensional airport model,a static analysis of the influence is studied on glide slope approach.Based on the static analysis,a dynamic research is carried out on the influence from sliding aircraft on the taxiway meanwhile aircraft approaching in the final stage of airfield traffic pattern,which identified the cause of instability of the glide-slope signal reported by pilots for long time at an airport.Data of dynamic research is compared with the flight inspection result and found to be consistent with the flight inspection result.
引文
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[14]冀鹏.飞行校验与精准导航一体化方法探索[J].中国民航大学学报,2017,35(2):16-19.JI Peng.Discussion on integration of flight inspection and accurate navigation[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2017,35(2):16-19.
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[18]YOUSSEF N N.Radar cross section of complex targets[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1989,77(5):722-734.
[2] ROEPCKE F.ILS-past and present[J].IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine,1990,5(5):9-11.
[3]倪育德,卢丹,王颖,等.导航原理与系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015:270-285.NI Yude,LU Dan,WANG Ying,et al.Navigation principles and systems[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2015:270-285.
[4]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB6364—2013,航空无线电导航台(站)电磁环境要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.General Administration of Quality,Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.GB6364—2013, Electromagnetic environment requirements for aeronautical radio navigation stations[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2013.
[5] LUEBBERS R,UNGVICHIAN V,MITCHELL L.GTD terrain reflection model applied to ILS glide scope[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1982,18(1):11-20.
[6] POULOSE M M.An improved computer model for ILS glideslope evaluation[C]//5th Brunei International Conference on Engineering and Technology(BICET 2014).Bandar Seri Beqawan:IEEE,2014:1-4.
[7] RAMAKRISHNA S,SACHIDANANDA M.Calculating the effect of uneven terrain on glide path signals[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1974,10(3):380-384.
[8] CHO K,KWAK Y.Multipath interference error analysis on obstacles effect[C]//2015 8th International Conference on Signal Processing,Image Processing and Pattern Recognition(SIP).Jejy:IEEE,2015:25-29.
[9]王磊,苏东林,谢树果,等.飞机进近着陆电磁环境建模与辐射分布分析[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2012,38(10):1369-1374.WANG Lei,SU Donglin,XIE Shuguo,et al.Modeling of electromagnetic environment and radiation distribution analysis for aircraft approaching and landing[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012,38(10):1369-1374.
[10]APAYDIN G,SEVGI L,UFIMTSEV P Y.Extension of PTD for finite objects with rounded edges:Diffraction at a soft trilateral cylinder[J].IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters,2017,16:2590-2593.
[11]HUANG W F,ZHAO Z,ZHAO R,et al.GO/PO and PTD with virtual divergence factor for fast analysis of scattering from concave complex targets[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2015,63(5):2170-2179.
[12] WEINMANN F.PO/PTD ray tracing for arbitrary metallic and dielectric objects[C]//2006First European Conference on Antennas and Propagation.Nice:IEEE,2006:1-5.
[13]HALL T,SOARES M.Analysis of localizer and glide slope flight technical error[C]//2008IEEE/AIAA 27th Digital Avionics Systems Conference.St Paul:IEEE,2008:2-9.
[14]冀鹏.飞行校验与精准导航一体化方法探索[J].中国民航大学学报,2017,35(2):16-19.JI Peng.Discussion on integration of flight inspection and accurate navigation[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2017,35(2):16-19.
[15]金辽.Normarc M改型下滑信标辐射场型的分析和比较[J].中国民航学院学报,2000,18(3):30-34,47.JIN Liao.An analysis and comparison of the radiation patterns of the Normarc modified M-array glideslope[J].Journal of Civil Aviation University of China,2000,18(3):30-34,47.
[16]克拉特E F.雷达散射截面-预估、测量和缩减[M].阮颖铮,陈海,译.北京:电子工业出版社,1988:99-124.KNOTT E F.Radar cross section-estimation,measurement and reduction[M].Ruan Yingzheng,Chen Hai,translated.Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry,1988:99-124.
[17]蒋相闻,招启军,徐国华.基于面元边缘法的直升机RCS计算与分析[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2011,43(3):429-434.JIANG Xiangwen,ZHAO Qijun,XU Guohua.Calculation and analysis of RCS of helicopter based on panel edge method[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2011,43(3):429-434.
[18]YOUSSEF N N.Radar cross section of complex targets[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,1989,77(5):722-734.