坦桑尼亚马拉绿岩带金矿床地质特征
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摘要
马拉绿岩带是坦桑尼亚太古宇绿岩带金成矿带的重要组成部分,研究区域金矿床类型、分布及矿床特征,总结成矿控矿规律对找矿工作具有重要意义。该区域金矿床类型分为构造蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型、层控型金矿床以及早期人工采矿形成的尾矿。构造蚀变岩型、含金石英脉型金矿床集中分布于绿岩带中的北西向、北东向断裂构造(韧性剪切带)及其交汇处,层控型金矿床主要赋存于中基性火山沉积岩、条带状铁建造中。矿体呈脉状、透镜状,品位、厚度变化较大,矿体规模大小不一。金矿石类型主要是蚀变岩型、石英脉型。尼安萨群的基性火山岩、BIF为金的"初始矿源层",岩石经历了韧性—脆性变形,在岩浆侵入活动中,Au等成矿元素活化、迁移,并在上述构造有利部位富集成矿。
Mara greenstone belt is an important part of the Archaeozoic greenstone zone of gold mineralization in Tanzania.It is important to study the gold deposit types,distribution and deposits' characteristics and summarize regulations ore-forming and ore-controlling in this region for exploration of gold deposits.The types of gold deposit are divided into tectonic rock Au deposit,gold-bearing quartz vein deposit,stratabound Au deposit and the tailings of early artificial mining.The distribution of gold deposits which belongs to fractured alteration rock type or gold-bearing quartz vein type are concentrated in NW and NE shear zones and these zone's intersection part in the greenstone belts,and the stratabound gold deposit is mainly situated in the intermediate-basic volcanic sedimentary rocks and the banded iron construction.The ore body is veined and lenticular.The grade,the thickness and the size are varies.The gold ore types are mainly altered rock type and quartz vein type.The basic volcanic rock and BIF experience ductile-brittle deformation in Nyanza group which are the source bed.In the activity of magma intrusion,the Au and other mineralization elements activated and transferred to a favorable tectonic position to be mineralized.
Mara greenstone belt is an important part of the Archaeozoic greenstone zone of gold mineralization in Tanzania.It is important to study the gold deposit types,distribution and deposits' characteristics and summarize regulations ore-forming and ore-controlling in this region for exploration of gold deposits.The types of gold deposit are divided into tectonic rock Au deposit,gold-bearing quartz vein deposit,stratabound Au deposit and the tailings of early artificial mining.The distribution of gold deposits which belongs to fractured alteration rock type or gold-bearing quartz vein type are concentrated in NW and NE shear zones and these zone's intersection part in the greenstone belts,and the stratabound gold deposit is mainly situated in the intermediate-basic volcanic sedimentary rocks and the banded iron construction.The ore body is veined and lenticular.The grade,the thickness and the size are varies.The gold ore types are mainly altered rock type and quartz vein type.The basic volcanic rock and BIF experience ductile-brittle deformation in Nyanza group which are the source bed.In the activity of magma intrusion,the Au and other mineralization elements activated and transferred to a favorable tectonic position to be mineralized.
引文
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杨东潮,白德胜,曹琼.2013.坦桑尼亚太古宙绿岩带BIF型金矿床的勘查标志:以Maheiga金矿床为例[J].黄金科学技术,21(4):1-8.
张同中,白德胜,庞绪成.2010.坦桑尼亚金矿勘查中的地球物理综合找矿研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),(1):45-50
周作侠.1991.绿岩带内超大型矿床的成矿地质条件与中国绿岩型金矿对比[J].黄金科技动态,3:1-6.
Gold Occurrences and Prospects in zhe Musoma and Mara Regions[R].1983.
H P VAN STRAATEN.1983.Study of seleced gold occurrencesand mines in zhe Lake Victoria goldfields[R].Dodoma,Geological Survey of Tanzania.
Maier WD,BarnesS J,BandyayeraD,et al.,2008.EarlyKibaran rift-relatedmafic-ultramaficmagmatism inwestern Tanzania and Burund:i Petrogenesis and ore potential of theKapalagulu andMusongati layered intrusions[J].Lithos,101:24-53
Ministry of energy and minerals united republic of tanzania.Opportunities for mineral resource development[R].2005
S Kuehn,李上森.1992.坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚西南部金矿化特征和构造背景[J].国外前寒武纪地质,(01):66-72.
白德胜,司建涛,孟有杰,等.2016a.坦桑尼亚西嘎山地区金矿床地质特征及找矿方向[J].世界地质,35(4):993-1000.
白德胜,王建光,杨东潮,等.2012.坦桑尼亚Mwamola地区Maheiga金矿详查报告[R].河南省地矿局,12.
白德胜,杨怀辉,刘正好,等.2016b.坦桑尼亚太古宙绿岩带BIF型金矿地质-地球化学特征---以马黑加金矿床为例[J].地质找矿论丛,31(1):63-70.
李水平.2009.低磁纬度地区△T异常处理解释方法在坦桑尼亚某地区金矿预查中的应用[J].物探与化探,33(6):657-659.
刘军,朱谷昌.2012.坦桑尼亚汉德尼金矿床地质特征与找矿方向分析[J].地质与勘探,(1):177-184.
曲欢.2014.坦桑尼亚依昆古金矿区成矿地质条件和地球化学成矿预测研究[D].成都:成都理工大学.
沈保丰,毛德宝,李俊建.1997.中国绿岩带型金矿床类型和地质特征[J].国外前寒武纪地质,20(4):1-12.
熊秋军,曾小刚,彭谷香.等.2013.坦桑尼亚依昆古金矿床矿化特征[J].资源环境与工程,27(3)252-254.
杨东潮,白德胜,曹琼.2013.坦桑尼亚太古宙绿岩带BIF型金矿床的勘查标志:以Maheiga金矿床为例[J].黄金科学技术,21(4):1-8.
张同中,白德胜,庞绪成.2010.坦桑尼亚金矿勘查中的地球物理综合找矿研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),(1):45-50
周作侠.1991.绿岩带内超大型矿床的成矿地质条件与中国绿岩型金矿对比[J].黄金科技动态,3:1-6.