绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉叶青贮品质的影响
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摘要
为开发利用香蕉叶生产青贮饲料,研究绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉叶青贮品质的影响,在香蕉叶青贮中以香蕉叶单独青贮为对照组,设置如下处理:添加2mL·kg-1绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组;分别添加0.05、0.15、0.25g·kg-1纤维素酶(CEL1、CEL2和CEL3)组;分别添加2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.05g·kg-1 CEL、2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.15g·kg-1 CEL和2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.25g·kg-1 CEL混合(MIX1、MIX2和MIX3)组。每个处理重复3次。常温下贮存60d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果表明,1较对照组,处理组的pH、气体损失率(GLR)极显著或显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。2较FGJ组,3个MIX组的干物质回收率(DMR)极显著升高(P<0.01);较CEL组,同纤维素酶水平的MIX组的DMR、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)极显著增加(P<0.01),氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)极显著降低(P<0.01);3在3个MIX组中,随纤维素酶添加水平升高,pH呈下降趋势,DMR、WSC呈递增趋势。结果表明,绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶都能显著改善香蕉叶青贮的品质,二者混合添加的效果优于单独添加,2mL·kg-1FGJ+0.25g·kg-1 CEL混合处理的青贮品质最优。
To research the effect of fermented green juice and cellulase on the fermentation quality of banana leaves silage,banana leaves single silage was set as the control group and other silages were set up into the following groups with the different additives:2mL·kg-1 fermented green juice(FGJ)group,0.05,0.15 and 0.25g·kg-1of cellulose groups(CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3)and 2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.05g·kg-1 CEL,2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.15g·kg-1 CEL and 2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.25g·kg-1 CEL mixed groups(MIX1,MIX2 and MIX3)respectively.Then,they were ensiled at room temperature and opened 60 days later.In the end,the fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The same results were obtained in all three replicates.Our results showed that the pH and GLR of the other groups are decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),compared with the control group.Meanwhile,the DMR of three MIX groups were increased(P<0.01)compared with the FGJ,and the DMR and WSC of MIX groups were increased(P<0.01),but the AN/TN were reduced(P<0.01),compared with the CEL groups with the same level′s cellulase enzyme.Furthermore,the pH was declining on trend,DMR and WSC were increased with the levels of cellulose in three MIX groups.Our results suggested that fermented green juice and cellulase improved the quality of banana leaves silage,and the effect of MIX3 is the best.
To research the effect of fermented green juice and cellulase on the fermentation quality of banana leaves silage,banana leaves single silage was set as the control group and other silages were set up into the following groups with the different additives:2mL·kg-1 fermented green juice(FGJ)group,0.05,0.15 and 0.25g·kg-1of cellulose groups(CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3)and 2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.05g·kg-1 CEL,2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.15g·kg-1 CEL and 2mL·kg-1 FGJ+0.25g·kg-1 CEL mixed groups(MIX1,MIX2 and MIX3)respectively.Then,they were ensiled at room temperature and opened 60 days later.In the end,the fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The same results were obtained in all three replicates.Our results showed that the pH and GLR of the other groups are decreased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),compared with the control group.Meanwhile,the DMR of three MIX groups were increased(P<0.01)compared with the FGJ,and the DMR and WSC of MIX groups were increased(P<0.01),but the AN/TN were reduced(P<0.01),compared with the CEL groups with the same level′s cellulase enzyme.Furthermore,the pH was declining on trend,DMR and WSC were increased with the levels of cellulose in three MIX groups.Our results suggested that fermented green juice and cellulase improved the quality of banana leaves silage,and the effect of MIX3 is the best.
引文
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[8]马春晖,夏艳军,韩军,等.不同青贮添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2010,19(1):128-133.
[9]郑晓灵,刘艳芬,刘铀,等.纤维素酶对甘蔗梢青贮品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(12):39-41.
[10]杨雪霞,陈洪章,李佐虎.添加纤维素酶的青贮研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2001,(1):37-41.
[11]SUN Q,GAO F,YU Z,et al.Fermentation quality and chemical composition of shrub silage treated with lactic acid bacteria inoculants and cellulase additives[J].Animal Science Journal,2012,83(4):305-309.
[12]陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46-50.
[13]马慧,苗树君,刘君.纤维素酶对玉米秸青贮营养成分及其奶牛瘤胃降解率的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2006,(4):43-46.
[14]大島光昭,木村英司,横田浩臣,等.搾汁発酵液あるいは乳酸菌の添加がアルファルファサイレージの品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42:280-281.
[15]傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
[16]杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1993:19-33.
[17]森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971:1-149.
[18]HAN K J,COLLINS M,VANZANT E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science,2004,44(3):914-919.
[19]BRODERICA G A,KANG J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,33:64-75.
[20]庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(8):21-25.
[21]文奇男,张永根,王亮.不同发酵剂对水稻秸青贮发酵品质及营养价值的影响[J].饲料工业,2011,32(5):48-51.
[22]胡爽,王炜,山其木格,等.纤维素酶在青贮饲料中的作用及其基因克隆的研究进展[J].新疆农业科学,2008,45(2):242-247.
[23]郭金双,赵广永,冯仰廉,等.纤维素酶对大麦青贮品质及中酸性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率的影响[J].饲料工业,2005,26(3):13-14.
[24]李静,高兰阳,沈益新.乳酸菌和纤维素酶对稻草青贮品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(4):86-90.
[25]友田裕代,大桃定洋,田中治,等.Acremonium cellulyticus Y-94由来のセルラーゼの添加がアルファルファサイレージの発酵品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42(2):155-158.
[2]杨永智,王树明,杨芩.香蕉茎叶资源的开发利用研究[J].现代农业科技,2012,(4):294-295.
[3]宋志萍,蔡俊鹏.香蕉茎叶资源的开发利用[J].资源开发与市场,2005,21(1):59-60.
[4]刘建勇,高月娥,黄必志,等.香蕉茎叶营养价值评定及贮存技术研究[J].中国牛业科学,2012,38(2):18-22.
[5]BUREENOK S,SUKSOMBAT W,KAWAMOTO Y.Effects of the fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria(FJLB)and molasses on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of ruzigrass(Brachiaria ruziziensis)silages[J].Livestock Science,2011,138:266-271.
[6]TAKAHASHI T,HORIGUCHI K,GOTO M.Effect of crushing unhulled rice and the addition of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation quality of whole crop rice silage,and its digestibility and rumen fermentation status in sheep[J].Animal Science Journal,2005,76(4):353-358.
[7]DENEK N,CAN A,AVCI M,et al.The effect of molassesbased pre-fermented juice on the fermentation quality of first-cut lucerne silage[J].Grass and Forage Science,2011,66(2):243-250.
[8]马春晖,夏艳军,韩军,等.不同青贮添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2010,19(1):128-133.
[9]郑晓灵,刘艳芬,刘铀,等.纤维素酶对甘蔗梢青贮品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(12):39-41.
[10]杨雪霞,陈洪章,李佐虎.添加纤维素酶的青贮研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2001,(1):37-41.
[11]SUN Q,GAO F,YU Z,et al.Fermentation quality and chemical composition of shrub silage treated with lactic acid bacteria inoculants and cellulase additives[J].Animal Science Journal,2012,83(4):305-309.
[12]陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46-50.
[13]马慧,苗树君,刘君.纤维素酶对玉米秸青贮营养成分及其奶牛瘤胃降解率的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2006,(4):43-46.
[14]大島光昭,木村英司,横田浩臣,等.搾汁発酵液あるいは乳酸菌の添加がアルファルファサイレージの品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42:280-281.
[15]傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
[16]杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1993:19-33.
[17]森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971:1-149.
[18]HAN K J,COLLINS M,VANZANT E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science,2004,44(3):914-919.
[19]BRODERICA G A,KANG J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,33:64-75.
[20]庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(8):21-25.
[21]文奇男,张永根,王亮.不同发酵剂对水稻秸青贮发酵品质及营养价值的影响[J].饲料工业,2011,32(5):48-51.
[22]胡爽,王炜,山其木格,等.纤维素酶在青贮饲料中的作用及其基因克隆的研究进展[J].新疆农业科学,2008,45(2):242-247.
[23]郭金双,赵广永,冯仰廉,等.纤维素酶对大麦青贮品质及中酸性洗涤纤维瘤胃降解率的影响[J].饲料工业,2005,26(3):13-14.
[24]李静,高兰阳,沈益新.乳酸菌和纤维素酶对稻草青贮品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(4):86-90.
[25]友田裕代,大桃定洋,田中治,等.Acremonium cellulyticus Y-94由来のセルラーゼの添加がアルファルファサイレージの発酵品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42(2):155-158.