绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎+小麦麸混合青贮品质的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎+小麦麸混合青贮发酵品质的影响。调制1个香蕉茎单贮(BSS)组和8个香蕉茎小麦麸混合青贮组,分别为1个对照(CON)组,添加2mL/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组,添加0.05、0.15和0.25g/kg纤维素酶(CEL1、CEL2和CEL3)3个水平组,添加FGJ+CEL1(MIX1)、FGJ+CEL2(MIX2)和FGJ+CEL3(MIX3)3个混合组,每组均设3个重复。常温发酵60d,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果表明,与BSS组相比,CON组的气体损失率(GLR)和pH显著降低(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,各添加剂组的干物质(DM)、干物质回收率(DMR)和可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量有不同程度的增高,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)及氨态氮(AN)含量有不同程度的降低;与FGJ组相比,CEL和MIX组的DMR极显著升高(P<0.01)。在CEL组中,随CEL水平的增加,青贮效果愈好;与MIX1组相比,MIX3组的NDF含量显著减少(P<0.05),DMR显著升高(P<0.05);与CEL组相比,对应的MIX组有不同程度的改善。综上所述,在香蕉茎青贮中添加小麦麸有利于改善青贮品质,添加纤维素的效果优于添加绿汁发酵液的效果,二者混合效果更好,且混合后的青贮效果随着纤维素酶的增加而更好。
This study produced banana stem single storage and the wheat bran mixed silage to research on the effect of fermented green juice and cellulase on the ensiling quality of banana stem and wheat bran mixed silage.There were a banana stem single silage group(BSS)and 8banana stem wheat bran mixed silage groups.They were a control group,added 2mL/kg fermented green juice(FGJ)group,added three levels(0.05,0.15 and 0.25g/kg)of cellulose(CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3)groups,respectively,added three mixed(MIX1:FGJ+ CEL1,MIX2:FGJ+ CEL2,MIX3:FGJ+ CEL3)groups.Each treatment was repeated 3times.The materials were ensiled at room temperature and opened 60 days later.The fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the BSS group,the GLR and pH of the CON group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with the CON group,the DM,DMR and WSC of the additive groups had different degrees of increase,the NDF,ADF and AN of them were reduced.Compared with the FGJ group,the DMR of the CEL groups and the MIX groups was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).In the CEL groups,the fermentation quality was more and more better with the increase of the CEL level.Compared with the MIX1 group,the NDF content of the MIX3 group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),but the DMR was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the CEL group,the corresponding MIX groups had different degrees of improvement.In conclusion,adding wheat bran in the banana stem silage was conductive to improve the fermentation quality.The effect of adding cellulose was better than the effect of adding fermented green juice,and the effect of mixed them was the best.The fermentation quality of mixed them was better with the increase of cellulase.
This study produced banana stem single storage and the wheat bran mixed silage to research on the effect of fermented green juice and cellulase on the ensiling quality of banana stem and wheat bran mixed silage.There were a banana stem single silage group(BSS)and 8banana stem wheat bran mixed silage groups.They were a control group,added 2mL/kg fermented green juice(FGJ)group,added three levels(0.05,0.15 and 0.25g/kg)of cellulose(CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3)groups,respectively,added three mixed(MIX1:FGJ+ CEL1,MIX2:FGJ+ CEL2,MIX3:FGJ+ CEL3)groups.Each treatment was repeated 3times.The materials were ensiled at room temperature and opened 60 days later.The fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The results showed that compared with the BSS group,the GLR and pH of the CON group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with the CON group,the DM,DMR and WSC of the additive groups had different degrees of increase,the NDF,ADF and AN of them were reduced.Compared with the FGJ group,the DMR of the CEL groups and the MIX groups was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01).In the CEL groups,the fermentation quality was more and more better with the increase of the CEL level.Compared with the MIX1 group,the NDF content of the MIX3 group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),but the DMR was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the CEL group,the corresponding MIX groups had different degrees of improvement.In conclusion,adding wheat bran in the banana stem silage was conductive to improve the fermentation quality.The effect of adding cellulose was better than the effect of adding fermented green juice,and the effect of mixed them was the best.The fermentation quality of mixed them was better with the increase of cellulase.
引文
1 大島光昭,木村英司,横田浩臣,等.搾汁発酵液あるいは乳酸菌の添加がアルファルファサイレージの品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42:280~281.
2 王倩,周汉林,谭海生,等.不同添加剂对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,22:104~106.
3 王成章,王恬.饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
4 华金玲,庞训胜,王立克.绿汁发酵液对水稻秸青贮品质影响的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2011,42(6):62~65.
5 庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007a,23(8):21~26.
6 庄益芬,安宅一夫,张文昌.生物添加剂和含水率对紫花苜蓿和猫尾草青贮发酵品质的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2007b,38(12):1394~1400.
7 庄益芬,张文昌,陈鑫珠,等.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):35 ~38.
8 刘建勇,高月娥,黄必志,等.香蕉茎叶营养价值评定及贮存技术研究[J].中国牛业科技,2012,38(2):18~22.
9 刘海燕,祁宏伟,于秀芳,等.不同处理对玉米秸秆青贮饲料中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维消失率的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36 (12):23~25.
10 安宅一夫.最新サイレージバイブル[M].日本北海道:酪農学園出版部,2012.
11 杨华,许继宏.香蕉副产品的净化处理与综合利用[J].云南农业科技,2006,4:62~64.
12 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1993.
13 张增欣,邵涛.青贮添加剂研究进展[J].饲料工业,2006,23(9):56 ~63.
14 张新平,万里强,李向林,等.添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(3):139~143.
15 陈静,潘健存,赵鹏,等.香蕉茎叶青贮营养成分及单宁含量变化的实验研究[J].饲料工业,2005,26(13):19~20.
16 陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46~50.
17 陈志斌,杨琏,张红兵,等.水葫芦渣与麦麸混合青贮的感官品质研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(32):11~15.
18 林仕欣,高承芳,李文杨,等.添加绿汁发酵液和四蚁酸铵对饲用甜高梁青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):69~72.
19 郑晓灵,刘艳芬,刘铀,等.纤维素酶对甘蔗梢青贮品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(12):39~41.
20 黄晓亮,黄银姬.不同处理方式对青贮香蕉茎叶营养成分的影响[J].饲料博览,2007,19:53~55.
21 梁方方,贾存灵,邹隆树.不同添加剂青贮香蕉茎叶的效果[J].饲料广角,2004,9:23~24.
22 森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971.
23 傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
24 蔡義民,大桃定洋,熊井清雄.饲料作物·牧草に付着する乳酸菌の分布とその乳酸発酵特性[J].日本草地学会誌,1994,39 (4):420~428.
25 Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,33:64~75.
26 Bureenok S,Namihira T,Kawamoto Y,et al.Additive effects of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentative quality of guineagrass(Panicum maximumJacq.)silage[J].Grassland Science,2005,51(3):243~248.
27 Fransen S,Strubi F.Relationships among absorbents on the reduction of grass silage effluent and silage quality[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1998,81(10):2633~2644.
28 Han K J,Collins M,Vanzant E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science,2004,44(3):914 ~919.
29 Shao T,Zhang L,Shimojo M,et al.Fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)silages treated with encapsulated-glucose,glucose,sorbic acid and pre-fermented juices[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20 (11):1699~1704.
30 Sun Z H,Liu S M,Tayo G O,et al.Effects of cellulase or lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation and in vitro gas production of several morphological fractions of maize stover[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,152:219~231.
2 王倩,周汉林,谭海生,等.不同添加剂对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,22:104~106.
3 王成章,王恬.饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003.
4 华金玲,庞训胜,王立克.绿汁发酵液对水稻秸青贮品质影响的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2011,42(6):62~65.
5 庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007a,23(8):21~26.
6 庄益芬,安宅一夫,张文昌.生物添加剂和含水率对紫花苜蓿和猫尾草青贮发酵品质的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2007b,38(12):1394~1400.
7 庄益芬,张文昌,陈鑫珠,等.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):35 ~38.
8 刘建勇,高月娥,黄必志,等.香蕉茎叶营养价值评定及贮存技术研究[J].中国牛业科技,2012,38(2):18~22.
9 刘海燕,祁宏伟,于秀芳,等.不同处理对玉米秸秆青贮饲料中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维消失率的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36 (12):23~25.
10 安宅一夫.最新サイレージバイブル[M].日本北海道:酪農学園出版部,2012.
11 杨华,许继宏.香蕉副产品的净化处理与综合利用[J].云南农业科技,2006,4:62~64.
12 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1993.
13 张增欣,邵涛.青贮添加剂研究进展[J].饲料工业,2006,23(9):56 ~63.
14 张新平,万里强,李向林,等.添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2007,16(3):139~143.
15 陈静,潘健存,赵鹏,等.香蕉茎叶青贮营养成分及单宁含量变化的实验研究[J].饲料工业,2005,26(13):19~20.
16 陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46~50.
17 陈志斌,杨琏,张红兵,等.水葫芦渣与麦麸混合青贮的感官品质研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(32):11~15.
18 林仕欣,高承芳,李文杨,等.添加绿汁发酵液和四蚁酸铵对饲用甜高梁青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):69~72.
19 郑晓灵,刘艳芬,刘铀,等.纤维素酶对甘蔗梢青贮品质的影响[J].饲料工业,2007,28(12):39~41.
20 黄晓亮,黄银姬.不同处理方式对青贮香蕉茎叶营养成分的影响[J].饲料博览,2007,19:53~55.
21 梁方方,贾存灵,邹隆树.不同添加剂青贮香蕉茎叶的效果[J].饲料广角,2004,9:23~24.
22 森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971.
23 傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
24 蔡義民,大桃定洋,熊井清雄.饲料作物·牧草に付着する乳酸菌の分布とその乳酸発酵特性[J].日本草地学会誌,1994,39 (4):420~428.
25 Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,33:64~75.
26 Bureenok S,Namihira T,Kawamoto Y,et al.Additive effects of fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria on the fermentative quality of guineagrass(Panicum maximumJacq.)silage[J].Grassland Science,2005,51(3):243~248.
27 Fransen S,Strubi F.Relationships among absorbents on the reduction of grass silage effluent and silage quality[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1998,81(10):2633~2644.
28 Han K J,Collins M,Vanzant E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science,2004,44(3):914 ~919.
29 Shao T,Zhang L,Shimojo M,et al.Fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)silages treated with encapsulated-glucose,glucose,sorbic acid and pre-fermented juices[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20 (11):1699~1704.
30 Sun Z H,Liu S M,Tayo G O,et al.Effects of cellulase or lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation and in vitro gas production of several morphological fractions of maize stover[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,152:219~231.