绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮品质的影响
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摘要
旨在研究绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶对香蕉茎与玉米面粉混合青贮发酵品质的影响。调制香蕉茎单贮(BSS)和香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮,在香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮中,设对照组(CON),添加2mL/kg绿汁发酵液(FGJ)组,添加0.05g/kg、0.15g/kg和0.25g/kg纤维素酶(CEL1、CEL2和CEL3)的3个水平组,添加FGJ+CEL1(MIX1)、FGJ+CEL2(MIX2)和FGJ+CEL3(MIX3)的3个混合组。每个处理重复3次。常温下贮存60d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。香蕉茎青贮混合玉米面粉后,pH和氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)极显著降低。各添加剂在改善青贮的干物质方面均有不同的影响。在3个CEL组和3个MIX组中,丁酸(BA)含量有随着CEL水平的增加而减少的趋势。3个MIX组的酸性洗涤纤维显著或极显著低于FGJ组(P<0.05,P<0.01);3个MIX组分别在干物质回收率(DMR)和pH上优于CEL组。结果表明:香蕉茎玉米面粉混合青贮的效果优于香蕉茎单独青贮。各添加剂均能改善青贮品质,且混合添加绿汁发酵液和纤维素酶的青贮效果优于单独添加。
To study the effect of Fermented Green Juice(FGJ)and Cellulase(CEL)on banana stem and corn flour mixed silage quality,banana stem single(BSS)and banana stem mixed with corn flour silage were modulated,in which the latter,banana stem mixed with corn flour silage,was set respectively as the control group(CON)added with 2mL/kg FGJ,three horizontal groups of CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3,added with 0.05g/kg,0.15g/kg and 0.25g/kg of cellulose enzyme,and three mixture groups,namely,MIX1:FGJ+ CEL1,MIX2:FGJ+ CEL2,MIX3:FGJ+CEL3respectively.Each treatment was repeated3 times.The materials were ensiled at normal temperature and opened 60 days later.The fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The results showed that pH value and the AN(ammonia nitrogen)/TN(Total nitrogen)of banana stem significantly decreased after mixing with corn flour.The additives improved different effects of silage on dry matter.The Butyric acid(BA)had a trend of decrease with the increase of CEL levels in 3CEL groups and 3MIX groups.The acid detergent fiber of 3 MIX groups were significantly lower than the FGJ group(P<0.05,P<0.01).3MIX groups were respectively better than the CEL groups on the dry matter(DMR)and the pH.The results also decoded that the banana stem mixed with corn flour silage was better than banana stem single silage.The additive can improve the quality of silage.The fermentation effect with added green juice fermented liquid and cellulose is better than that was added separately.
To study the effect of Fermented Green Juice(FGJ)and Cellulase(CEL)on banana stem and corn flour mixed silage quality,banana stem single(BSS)and banana stem mixed with corn flour silage were modulated,in which the latter,banana stem mixed with corn flour silage,was set respectively as the control group(CON)added with 2mL/kg FGJ,three horizontal groups of CEL1,CEL2 and CEL3,added with 0.05g/kg,0.15g/kg and 0.25g/kg of cellulose enzyme,and three mixture groups,namely,MIX1:FGJ+ CEL1,MIX2:FGJ+ CEL2,MIX3:FGJ+CEL3respectively.Each treatment was repeated3 times.The materials were ensiled at normal temperature and opened 60 days later.The fermentation quality and the chemical composition were analyzed.The results showed that pH value and the AN(ammonia nitrogen)/TN(Total nitrogen)of banana stem significantly decreased after mixing with corn flour.The additives improved different effects of silage on dry matter.The Butyric acid(BA)had a trend of decrease with the increase of CEL levels in 3CEL groups and 3MIX groups.The acid detergent fiber of 3 MIX groups were significantly lower than the FGJ group(P<0.05,P<0.01).3MIX groups were respectively better than the CEL groups on the dry matter(DMR)and the pH.The results also decoded that the banana stem mixed with corn flour silage was better than banana stem single silage.The additive can improve the quality of silage.The fermentation effect with added green juice fermented liquid and cellulose is better than that was added separately.
引文
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[10]黄晓亮,黄银姬.不同处理方式对青贮香蕉茎叶营养成分的影响[J].饲料博览,2007(19):53-55.
[11]王倩,周汉林,谭海生,等.不同添加剂对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012(22):104-106.
[12]大島光昭,木村英司,横田浩臣,等.搾汁発酵液あるいは乳酸菌の添加がアルファルファサイレージの品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42(別号):280-281.
[13]傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
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[15]森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971:1-149.
[16]Han K J,Collins M,Vanzant E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science.2004,44(3):914-919.
[17]Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64-75.
[18]蒋坤锡,周小虎.青贮饲料的调制与利用[J].汉中科技,2009(5):38-39.
[19]蔡義民,大桃定洋,熊井清雄.饲料作物·牧草に付着する乳酸菌の分布とその乳酸発酵特性[J].日本草地学会誌,1994,39(4):420-428.
[20]王成章,王恬.饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:122-133.
[21]李静,玉柱,孙启忠,等.添加玉米粉对甜菜渣青贮品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2008(23):15-17.
[22]郇树乾,王坚.热带牧草银合欢的青贮研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2011,32(2):25-27.
[23]Bureenok S,Suksombat W,Kawamoto Y.Effects of the fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria(FJLB)and molasses on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of ruzigrass(Brachiaria ruziziensis)silages[J].Livestock Science,2011,138:266-271.
[24]Shao T,Zhang L,Shimojo M,et al.Fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Silages treated with encapsulated-glucose,glucose,sorbic acid and pre-fermented juices[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(11):1 699-1 704.
[25]许庆方,周禾,玉柱.贮藏期和添加绿汁发酵液对袋装苜蓿青贮的影响[J].草地学报,2006,14(2):129-133.
[26]李静,高兰阳,沈益新.乳酸菌和纤维素酶对稻草青贮品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(4):86-90.
[27]Suna Z H,Liu S M,Tayo G O.et al.Effects of cellulase or lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation and in vitro gas production of several morphological fractions of maize stover[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,152(3/4):219-231.
[28]陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46-50.
[29]庄益芬,张文昌,陈鑫珠,等.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):35-38.
[30]庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(8):21-26.
[31]庄益芬,安宅一夫,张文昌.生物添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质的影响[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(1):70-74.
[2]王业锦.青贮饲料制作与应用[J].中国畜禽种业,2012(3):111-112.
[3]包万华,卜登攀,周凌云,等.青贮饲料添加剂应用的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2012,39(8):124-127.
[4]玉柱,李传友,薛有生.萎蔫和玉米粉混合处理对紫花苜蓿袋装式青贮品质的影响[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(3):83-87.
[5]吕宗友,赵国琦.绿汁发酵液的研究进展[J].中国牧业通讯,2009(9):7-8.
[6]张涛,崔宗均,高丽娟,等.绿汁发酵液和乳酸菌剂MMD3在不同含水率苜蓿青贮中的添加试验[J].中国农业大学学报,2004,9(5):32-37.
[7]庄益芬,张文昌,陈鑫珠,等.绿汁发酵液及纤维素酶对菌糠发酵饲料品质的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2006,21(6):653-655.
[8]杨雪霞,陈洪章,李佐虎.添加纤维素酶的青贮研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2001(1):37-41.
[9]梁方方,贾存灵,邹隆树.不同添加剂青贮香蕉茎叶的效果[J].饲料广角,2004(9):23-24.
[10]黄晓亮,黄银姬.不同处理方式对青贮香蕉茎叶营养成分的影响[J].饲料博览,2007(19):53-55.
[11]王倩,周汉林,谭海生,等.不同添加剂对香蕉茎叶青贮饲料品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012(22):104-106.
[12]大島光昭,木村英司,横田浩臣,等.搾汁発酵液あるいは乳酸菌の添加がアルファルファサイレージの品質に及ぼす影響[J].日本草地学会誌,1996,42(別号):280-281.
[13]傅彤.微生物接种剂对玉米青贮饲料发酵进程及其品质的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2005.
[14]杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1993:19-33.
[15]森本宏.家畜栄養実験法[M].東京:養賢堂発行,1971:1-149.
[16]Han K J,Collins M,Vanzant E S,et al.Bale density and moisture effects on alfalfa round bale silage[J].Crop Science.2004,44(3):914-919.
[17]Broderica G A,Kang J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64-75.
[18]蒋坤锡,周小虎.青贮饲料的调制与利用[J].汉中科技,2009(5):38-39.
[19]蔡義民,大桃定洋,熊井清雄.饲料作物·牧草に付着する乳酸菌の分布とその乳酸発酵特性[J].日本草地学会誌,1994,39(4):420-428.
[20]王成章,王恬.饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:122-133.
[21]李静,玉柱,孙启忠,等.添加玉米粉对甜菜渣青贮品质的影响[J].中国饲料,2008(23):15-17.
[22]郇树乾,王坚.热带牧草银合欢的青贮研究[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2011,32(2):25-27.
[23]Bureenok S,Suksombat W,Kawamoto Y.Effects of the fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria(FJLB)and molasses on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of ruzigrass(Brachiaria ruziziensis)silages[J].Livestock Science,2011,138:266-271.
[24]Shao T,Zhang L,Shimojo M,et al.Fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)Silages treated with encapsulated-glucose,glucose,sorbic acid and pre-fermented juices[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(11):1 699-1 704.
[25]许庆方,周禾,玉柱.贮藏期和添加绿汁发酵液对袋装苜蓿青贮的影响[J].草地学报,2006,14(2):129-133.
[26]李静,高兰阳,沈益新.乳酸菌和纤维素酶对稻草青贮品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2008,31(4):86-90.
[27]Suna Z H,Liu S M,Tayo G O.et al.Effects of cellulase or lactic acid bacteria on silage fermentation and in vitro gas production of several morphological fractions of maize stover[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,152(3/4):219-231.
[28]陈鑫珠,张文昌,张建国,等.纤维素酶对象草玉米秸秆混合青贮品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2011,32(6):46-50.
[29]庄益芬,张文昌,陈鑫珠,等.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对水葫芦青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):35-38.
[30]庄益芬,张文昌,张丽.绿汁发酵液、纤维素酶及其混合物对象草青贮品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(8):21-26.
[31]庄益芬,安宅一夫,张文昌.生物添加剂对苜蓿青贮发酵品质的影响[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(1):70-74.