武陵山区魔芋软腐病发生规律与防控技术
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摘要
通过调查武陵山区魔芋软腐病发生规律,分析了绿色防控技术示范过程及效果。结果显示:魔芋软腐病的发病率为40.2%,其中种芋在贮藏期间的发病率为14.2%;软腐病烂种缺蔸率为10.5%,魔芋生长期发病率为15.5%;7月下旬~9月中旬是魔芋软腐病流行期,9月上中旬是魔芋软腐病发病高峰期。魔芋软腐病发生重是由品种抗性、田间菌源、气象因素、贮藏方式、种植模式等因素造成的。通过绿色防控技术大面积示范,绿色防控区魔芋软腐病病株率为5.6%,比常规防控区减少9.9个百分点,防效达63.8%;产量比常规防控区增加15 922 kg/hm~2,产值增加62 095.5元/hm~2,产投比明显高于常规防控区,减少成本投入1 500元/hm~2。从建立无病种芋繁育基地、引进选育抗病魔芋品种和推广魔芋生产的新技术3方面提出了魔芋软腐病防控建议。
By investigating the occurrence regularity of soft rot of Amorphophallus konjac in Wuling Mountain area, the demonstration process and effect of green prevention and control technology were analyzed. The results showed that the incidence of Amorphophallus konjac soft rot disease was 40.2%, incidence of taro during storage was 14.2%; soft rot rotten missing rooting rate was 10.5%; the incidence rate of growth period was 15.5% konjac. The popular period of Amorphophallus konjac soft rot disease was from late July to mid September, and the mid-September was the peak. The occurrence of this disease in Wuling mountain area is caused by variety, field bacteria source, meteorological factor, storage mode, planting pattern and so on. Through a large area of green control technology demonstration area, konjac green control soft rot disease rate was 5.6%, 9.9 percentage point lower than the conventional control area, with the control efficiency 63.8%. The yield increased by 15 922 kg/hm~2, and the output value increased by 62095.5 yuan/hm~2. The production and investment ratio was significantly higher than that of the conventional control area, and the cost was reduced by 1 500 yuan/hm~2. Three suggestions on prevention and control of Morphophallus konjac soft rot disease were put forward: establishing a breeding base for nonpathogenic konjac, introducing varieties of anti-disease konjac, and promoting new technology of konjac production.
By investigating the occurrence regularity of soft rot of Amorphophallus konjac in Wuling Mountain area, the demonstration process and effect of green prevention and control technology were analyzed. The results showed that the incidence of Amorphophallus konjac soft rot disease was 40.2%, incidence of taro during storage was 14.2%; soft rot rotten missing rooting rate was 10.5%; the incidence rate of growth period was 15.5% konjac. The popular period of Amorphophallus konjac soft rot disease was from late July to mid September, and the mid-September was the peak. The occurrence of this disease in Wuling mountain area is caused by variety, field bacteria source, meteorological factor, storage mode, planting pattern and so on. Through a large area of green control technology demonstration area, konjac green control soft rot disease rate was 5.6%, 9.9 percentage point lower than the conventional control area, with the control efficiency 63.8%. The yield increased by 15 922 kg/hm~2, and the output value increased by 62095.5 yuan/hm~2. The production and investment ratio was significantly higher than that of the conventional control area, and the cost was reduced by 1 500 yuan/hm~2. Three suggestions on prevention and control of Morphophallus konjac soft rot disease were put forward: establishing a breeding base for nonpathogenic konjac, introducing varieties of anti-disease konjac, and promoting new technology of konjac production.
引文
[1]熊本良,王跃飞,龚小东,等.魔芋软腐病流行原因分析及综合治理[J].山区开发,2003,(2):10-11.
[2]陶慧.魔芋软腐病发生规律及生物多样性防控措施[J].现代农业科技,2016,(6):145-146.
[3]刘传清,向前,张锋涛,等.武陵山区魔芋软腐病的绿色防控对策[J].绿色科技,2011,(12):100-101.
[2]陶慧.魔芋软腐病发生规律及生物多样性防控措施[J].现代农业科技,2016,(6):145-146.
[3]刘传清,向前,张锋涛,等.武陵山区魔芋软腐病的绿色防控对策[J].绿色科技,2011,(12):100-101.