矿用缓冲吸能装置及其填充材料试验研究
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摘要
为提高冲击地压矿井支护立柱防冲性能,设计缓冲吸能装置与3种填充材料,采用理论分析和试验研究方法,研究装置及3种填充材料吸能防冲特性,结果表明:缓冲吸能装置可实现柱径100 mm时初承力为90 k N的预期目标;3种填充材料均有良好的缓冲和吸能作用,钢板和钢管夹芯材料的各项性能指标均优于泡沫材料,且总吸能多、载荷波动系数小,缓冲作用时间长;2种夹芯材料的载荷峰值都高于泡沫材料,分别提高了5 k N和3 k N;钢管夹芯材料的总吸收能量比泡沫材料和钢板夹芯材料的强度分别高出33.7%和9.1%,而比吸能比其他2种填充材料的对应指标分别提高了9.6%和7.3%;2种夹芯材料的峰值载荷、平均压溃载荷、载荷波动系数接近,钢管夹芯材料的总吸收能量和比吸能都高于钢板夹芯材料,而钢板夹芯材料比钢管夹芯材料的卸载能力强。吸能缓冲装置与填充材料组成的刚-柔耦合支护体系可有效增强立柱抗冲击能力,在一定程度上降低冲击地压事故造成的各种损失。
In order to improve the mine rock burst supporting column anti-impact performance, this paper designs the energy absorbing device with three kinds of filling materials. Using the methods of theoretical analysis and experimental researches on the energy absorbing characteristics and the anti-impact performance for the devices with three kinds of filling materials, the results show that the energy absorbing device can realize the initial bearing capacity for the expected target of 90 k N with 100 mm column diameter. The three kinds of filling materials have good cushioning and energy absorbing effects. The steel plate and the steel tube core materials of the performance indicators are better than foam materials, which have the total energy absorption, lower load fluctuation coefficient and longer buffer time; the peak load of two kinds of core materials are higher than those of foam material. The total absorbed energy is increased by 5 k N and 3 k N and the total absorbed energy of steel tube core material is 33.7% and 9.1% higher than the foam material and the steel plate core material. The specific energy absorption of which are 9.6% and 7.3% higher than the other two kinds of filling materials. The peak load, mean crushing load and the load fluctuation coefficient of the two core materials are close,between which the total absorbed energy and the specific energy absorption of the steel tube core material is both higher than the steel plate core material. The steel plate core material has better unloading capacity than the steel tube core material has. The rigid flexible coupling support system composed of energy absorbing buffer and filling material can effectively enhance the impact resistance of the column and reduce the losses caused by the rock burst accidents.
In order to improve the mine rock burst supporting column anti-impact performance, this paper designs the energy absorbing device with three kinds of filling materials. Using the methods of theoretical analysis and experimental researches on the energy absorbing characteristics and the anti-impact performance for the devices with three kinds of filling materials, the results show that the energy absorbing device can realize the initial bearing capacity for the expected target of 90 k N with 100 mm column diameter. The three kinds of filling materials have good cushioning and energy absorbing effects. The steel plate and the steel tube core materials of the performance indicators are better than foam materials, which have the total energy absorption, lower load fluctuation coefficient and longer buffer time; the peak load of two kinds of core materials are higher than those of foam material. The total absorbed energy is increased by 5 k N and 3 k N and the total absorbed energy of steel tube core material is 33.7% and 9.1% higher than the foam material and the steel plate core material. The specific energy absorption of which are 9.6% and 7.3% higher than the other two kinds of filling materials. The peak load, mean crushing load and the load fluctuation coefficient of the two core materials are close,between which the total absorbed energy and the specific energy absorption of the steel tube core material is both higher than the steel plate core material. The steel plate core material has better unloading capacity than the steel tube core material has. The rigid flexible coupling support system composed of energy absorbing buffer and filling material can effectively enhance the impact resistance of the column and reduce the losses caused by the rock burst accidents.
引文
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[12]戎翔,邓安仲,李飞,等.轴向冲击作用下嵌套式薄壁球壳结构吸能性能研究及优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2017(10):237-242.RONG Xiang,DENG Anzhong,LI Fei,et al.Study on energy absorption performance and optimum design of nested thin-walled spherical shell under axial impact[J].Vibration and Shock,2017(10):237-242.
[13]王巍,安子军,彭春彦,等.泡沫铝填充钢铝复合管的静态压缩和吸能特性研究[J].燕山大学学报,2017(2):121-126.WANG Wei,AN Zijun,PENG Chunyan,et al.Static compression and energy absorption characteristics of aluminum foam clad steel tubes[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2017(2):121-126.
[14]李松晏,郑志军,虞吉林.高速列车吸能结构设计和耐撞性分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(2):164-170.LI Songyan,ZHENG Zhijun,YU Jilin.Analysis of structure design and crashworthiness of high speed train[J].Explosion and Shock,2015,35(2):164-170.
[2]孔令海.煤矿采场围岩微震事件与支承压力分布关系[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):525-531.KONG Linghai.Relationship between microseismic events and abutment pressure distribution in coal mine stope[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2014,31(4):525-531.
[3]金淦,王连国,李兆霖,等.深部半煤岩回采巷道变形破坏机理及支护对策研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(6):963-967.JIN Gan,WANG Lianguo,LI Zhaolin,et al.Department of mining roadway in deep coal rock deformation,failure mechanism and supporting measures[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2015,32(6):963-967.
[4]高明仕,杨青松,赵一超,等.高应力大变形巷道让压锚索支护技术及装置研制[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(1):7-11.GAO Mingshi,YANG Qingsong,ZHAO Yichao,et al.Development of high pressure and large deformation roadway support technology and device[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2016,33(1):7-11.
[5]潘一山冲击地压发生和破坏过程研究[D].北京:清华大学,1999:1-47.
[6]钱鸣高.加强煤炭开采理论研究实现科学开采[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(4):615.QIAN Minggao.Strengthening theoretical research on coal mining and realizing scientific mining[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2017,34(4):615.
[7]潘一山,肖永惠,李忠华,等.冲击地压矿井巷道支护理论研究及应用[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2),222-228.PAN Yishan,XIAO Yonghui,LI Zhonghua,et al.Study of tunnel support theory of rockburst in coal mine and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):222-228.
[8]唐治,潘一山,李祁,等.矿用防冲方形折纹薄壁构件吸能特性数值分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(23):87-191,115.TANG Zhi,PAN Yishan,LI Qi,et al.Numerical analysis of energy-absorption properties of a thin-walled component with square folds for rock burst prevention in mine[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(23):87-191,115.
[9]潘一山,肖永惠,李国臻,等.一种矿用消波耗能缓冲装置设计及试验初探[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(4):649-655.PAN Yishan,XIAO Yonghui,LI Guozhen,et al.Design and test of a wave dissipation energy dissipation device for mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(4):649-655.
[10]兰凤崇,曾繁波,周云郊,等.闭孔泡沫铝力学特性及其在汽车碰撞吸能中的应用研究进展[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(22):97-112.LAN Fengchong,ZENG Fanbo,ZHOU Yunjiao,et al.Progress on research of mechanical properties of closedcell aluminum foams and its applications in automobile crashworthiness[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(22):97-112.
[11]吴锋锋,刘长友,李建伟.“三软”大倾角厚煤层工作面组合液压支架稳定性分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(5):721-727.WU Fengfeng,LIU Changyou,LI Jianwei.Stability analysis of combined hydraulic support in working face of three soft large inclined thick coal seam[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2014,31(5):721-727.
[12]戎翔,邓安仲,李飞,等.轴向冲击作用下嵌套式薄壁球壳结构吸能性能研究及优化设计[J].振动与冲击,2017(10):237-242.RONG Xiang,DENG Anzhong,LI Fei,et al.Study on energy absorption performance and optimum design of nested thin-walled spherical shell under axial impact[J].Vibration and Shock,2017(10):237-242.
[13]王巍,安子军,彭春彦,等.泡沫铝填充钢铝复合管的静态压缩和吸能特性研究[J].燕山大学学报,2017(2):121-126.WANG Wei,AN Zijun,PENG Chunyan,et al.Static compression and energy absorption characteristics of aluminum foam clad steel tubes[J].Journal of Yanshan University,2017(2):121-126.
[14]李松晏,郑志军,虞吉林.高速列车吸能结构设计和耐撞性分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2015,35(2):164-170.LI Songyan,ZHENG Zhijun,YU Jilin.Analysis of structure design and crashworthiness of high speed train[J].Explosion and Shock,2015,35(2):164-170.