2012-2017年湖北省急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学分析
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摘要
目的分析2012-2017年湖北省急性乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行病学特征,为制定乙肝防治措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病控制信息系统,收集急性乙肝个案信息,运用描述性流行病学方法分析2012-2017年湖北省急性肝炎流行病学特征。结果 2012-2017年湖北省共报告11 522例急性乙肝病例,6年中发病率总体上呈下降趋势,年均发病率为3. 30/10万,男女发病比为1. 66∶1,25～29岁发病率最高,为5. 43/10万,20～64岁占82. 98%,农民占65. 77%,发病无明显季节性,发病地区年发病率居前3位的是:随州市(5. 65/10万)、十堰市(5. 13/10万)、荆门市(4. 63/10万)。结论发病地区主要为鄂西北地区,加强高发地区乙肝防控工作; 20～64岁是主要发病人群,需优化免疫程序,加大成年人(> 20岁)乙肝疫苗接种的宣传力度,提高成人乙肝接种率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis B( hepatitis B) in Hubei Province from2012 to 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. Methods The information of acute hepatitis B cases was collected by China Disease Control Information System. The epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 11522 cases of acute hepatitis B were reported in Hubei Province in 2012-2017. The incidence rate of acute hepatitis B in Hubei Province showed an overall downward trend in the past six years. The average annual incidence rate was 3. 30/100 000. The incidence rate of male and female patients was at 1. 66∶ 1,and the incidence was highest at the age of 25-29,accounting for5. 43/100 000,while at the age of 20-64,accounting for 82. 98%. Farmers accounted for 65. 77%,and there was no significant seasonal incidence. The annual incidence rates in Suizhou City,Shiyan City and Jingmen City were 5. 65/100 000,5. 13/100000,and 4. 63/100 000 respectively. Conclusion The diseased area is mainly northwest of Hubei Province. The prevention and control of hepatitis B in the high incidence area should be strengthened,and the main disease population is at the age of 20-64. It is necessary to optimize the immunization program,increase the propaganda of the adult hepatitis B vaccine( > 20 years old),and improve the adult hepatitis B vaccination rate.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis B( hepatitis B) in Hubei Province from2012 to 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. Methods The information of acute hepatitis B cases was collected by China Disease Control Information System. The epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2017 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 11522 cases of acute hepatitis B were reported in Hubei Province in 2012-2017. The incidence rate of acute hepatitis B in Hubei Province showed an overall downward trend in the past six years. The average annual incidence rate was 3. 30/100 000. The incidence rate of male and female patients was at 1. 66∶ 1,and the incidence was highest at the age of 25-29,accounting for5. 43/100 000,while at the age of 20-64,accounting for 82. 98%. Farmers accounted for 65. 77%,and there was no significant seasonal incidence. The annual incidence rates in Suizhou City,Shiyan City and Jingmen City were 5. 65/100 000,5. 13/100000,and 4. 63/100 000 respectively. Conclusion The diseased area is mainly northwest of Hubei Province. The prevention and control of hepatitis B in the high incidence area should be strengthened,and the main disease population is at the age of 20-64. It is necessary to optimize the immunization program,increase the propaganda of the adult hepatitis B vaccine( > 20 years old),and improve the adult hepatitis B vaccination rate.
引文
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[7]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等. 2006-2015年江苏省急性乙型病毒性肝炎发病率趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(12):2279-2282.
[8]陆明霞,杜国明. 2005-2016年张家港市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(20):3655-3658.
[9]纪峰,张丽. 2005-2012年山东省急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行趋势及特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(4):247-249.
[10]罗德威,徐玉慧,姜辉,等.扬州市2013-2016年急性乙肝流行特征及影响因素分析[J].影像研究与医学应用,2017,1(15):32-34.
[11]吴蔚,康文玉,孔毅,等. 2005-2015年云南省乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(12):1028-1032.
[12]谭楚生,谭详永,郭世成,等.江西2005-2013年急性乙肝流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):18-20.
[13]张国民,孙校金,王富珍,等.中国18~59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析及乙型肝炎疫苗免疫策略探讨[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2013,19(3):266-270.
[14]徐秋月,刘美娜,徐威,等. 2004-2007年中国乙型肝炎健康生命年损失研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2008,22(12):41-42.
[2] Stawinska-Witoszynska B, Zysnarska M, KrzywinskaWiewiorowska M,et al. Trends in the incidence rates of chronic hepatitis B in Poland in the years 2005-2013[J]. Hepatitis Monthly,2016,16(8):e32692.
[3] Liu J,Fan D. Hepatitis B in China[J]. Lancet,2007,369(9573):1582-1583.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS 299-2008乙型病毒性肝炎诊断标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2009.
[5]许盛楠,许琳,康文玉,等. 2007-2016年云南省急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2017,23(6):647-652.
[6]张国民,缪宁,郑徽,等.中国2005-2016年乙型病毒性肝炎报告发病的年龄和地区特征[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2018,24(2):121-126.
[7]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等. 2006-2015年江苏省急性乙型病毒性肝炎发病率趋势分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(12):2279-2282.
[8]陆明霞,杜国明. 2005-2016年张家港市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(20):3655-3658.
[9]纪峰,张丽. 2005-2012年山东省急性乙型病毒性肝炎流行趋势及特征分析[J].预防医学论坛,2014,20(4):247-249.
[10]罗德威,徐玉慧,姜辉,等.扬州市2013-2016年急性乙肝流行特征及影响因素分析[J].影像研究与医学应用,2017,1(15):32-34.
[11]吴蔚,康文玉,孔毅,等. 2005-2015年云南省乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(12):1028-1032.
[12]谭楚生,谭详永,郭世成,等.江西2005-2013年急性乙肝流行特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(1):18-20.
[13]张国民,孙校金,王富珍,等.中国18~59岁人群乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析及乙型肝炎疫苗免疫策略探讨[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2013,19(3):266-270.
[14]徐秋月,刘美娜,徐威,等. 2004-2007年中国乙型肝炎健康生命年损失研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2008,22(12):41-42.