信息不对称对医患关系的影响及对策研究
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摘要
由于医生掌握了丰富专业知识和关于医疗方案的大量信息,而普通患者由于缺乏医学专业知识而处于被动地位,所以医疗领域存在典型的信息不对称现象,这对医患关系具有重要影响,也是造成医患矛盾的重要根源。在造成信息不对称现象的诸多原因中,卫生决策中公民参与的缺失是一个容易被忽略的关键因素:普通公民没有深入了解卫生决策信息的机会,在具体诊疗过程中始终处于被动接受的局面。通过研究得出的对策是,为了消减信息不对称对医患关系的负面影响,必须从这几个方面着力:一要构建开放的卫生决策参与机制,二要构建医患沟通基础上的共同诊疗决策模式,三要健全医疗保险制度和医生薪酬体系,四要加强疾病知识的宣讲。
As doctors have mastered a lot of professional knowledge and a lot of information about medical programs,and the common patients are in a passive position because of lack of medical expertise, there are typical information asymmetry in the medical field, which has an important influence on the relationship between doctors and patients, and is also an important source of the contradiction between doctors and patients. Among the reasons for information asymmetry, the lack of citizen participation in health decision-making is a key factor that is easy to be ignored: the ordinary citizen has no opportunity to understand the information of health decision-making, and is always in a passive acceptance in the process of diagnosis and treatment. In order to reduce the negative impact of information asymmetry on the relationship between doctors and patients, we must focus on these aspects: firstly, build an open health decision-making participation mechanism; secondly, to build a common diagnosis and treatment model based on doctor and patient communication; thirdly, to improve the medical insurance system and the doctors′ salary system, and finally to strengthen the propaganda of disease knowledge.
As doctors have mastered a lot of professional knowledge and a lot of information about medical programs,and the common patients are in a passive position because of lack of medical expertise, there are typical information asymmetry in the medical field, which has an important influence on the relationship between doctors and patients, and is also an important source of the contradiction between doctors and patients. Among the reasons for information asymmetry, the lack of citizen participation in health decision-making is a key factor that is easy to be ignored: the ordinary citizen has no opportunity to understand the information of health decision-making, and is always in a passive acceptance in the process of diagnosis and treatment. In order to reduce the negative impact of information asymmetry on the relationship between doctors and patients, we must focus on these aspects: firstly, build an open health decision-making participation mechanism; secondly, to build a common diagnosis and treatment model based on doctor and patient communication; thirdly, to improve the medical insurance system and the doctors′ salary system, and finally to strengthen the propaganda of disease knowledge.
引文
[1]张晴晴,洪学智,张金,等.医疗信息披露视角下医患纠纷成因与对策分析[J].中国医药导报,2016,13(14):162-165.
[2]张凡,张明章,李晓慧.信息不对称引发医疗纠纷的现状与思考[J].承德医学院学报,2018(3):266-268.
[3]李文中.医患关系紧张的经济学分析[J].中国医院管理,2010,30(10):44-45.
[4]丁昊洋,李阳霞.商品意识泛化与医患纠纷[J].中国市场,2018(6):128-129,133.
[5]毛金龙.医患纠纷成因及解决措施研究[J].江苏卫生事业管理,2018,29(6):647-649.
[6]约翰·杜威.公众及其问题[M].贾祥敏,译.上海:复旦大学出版社,2015:127.
[7]王愈.医患信息不对称给诊疗过程带来的不利影响及应对措施[J].名医,2018(6):160.
[8]位珍珍,张淑萍,段红梅.我国医患关系紧张的原因及对策分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2015,28(6):937-939.
[9]Robert K.Merton.Sociological ambivalence and other essays[M].New York:Free Press,1976:26.
[10]威廉·哈拉尔.新资本主义[M].冯韵文,黄育馥,译.北京:社会科学文献出版社,1999:309.
[11]侯胜田.医患沟通的主要障碍、影响因素与改进方法[J]首都医科大学学报:社会科学版,2013(3):33-36.
[12]赵珊,黄海,伍敏.某三甲医院2009~2014年医患纠纷影响因素分析[J].中国医药导报,2016,13(8):181-184.
[13]霍添琪,韩明林.和谐社会下医患关系现状分析及对策探讨[J].中国医疗管理科学,2015,8(3):48-52.
[14]于昕可,王素珍,孙敦振.医患纠纷产生的原因分析及防范建议[J].中国医药科学,2018,8(8):253-256.
[15]Doble J,Richardson A.You don′t have to be a rocket scientist[J].Technology Review,1992(1):51-54.
[16]江锦祥,赵蓉蓉,郭穗君,等.医务人员语言沟通艺术对现代医学模式中医患关系的影响[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2014,36(6):43-46.
[17]荣振华,石悦.医患纠纷第三方调解机制与医疗责任保险融合模式现状问题及对策[J].中国医疗保险,2018(7):63-66.
[18]Shelifer A.A theory of yardstick competition[J].The Rand Journal of Economics,1985,16(3):319-327.
[19]陈锦里.影响医患关系的管理因素及对策研究[J].医药前沿,2015,5(23):324-325.
[20]缪莲英,姜宁,陈音,等.关键风险指标管理对医患纠纷的防范效果研究[J].医院管理论坛,2018,35(6):5-7.
[21]戴明俊,陶叡.和谐医患关系的影响因素及对策分析[J].管理观察,2016(12):133-136.
[22]张涛静,胡凯文,赵畅,等.我院构建和谐医患关系经验总结[J].中国医药导报,2018,15(10):154-157.
[23]李翔,衣楠楠.影响医患关系的不和谐因素分析及对策探讨[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2016,3(46):9258-9259.
[2]张凡,张明章,李晓慧.信息不对称引发医疗纠纷的现状与思考[J].承德医学院学报,2018(3):266-268.
[3]李文中.医患关系紧张的经济学分析[J].中国医院管理,2010,30(10):44-45.
[4]丁昊洋,李阳霞.商品意识泛化与医患纠纷[J].中国市场,2018(6):128-129,133.
[5]毛金龙.医患纠纷成因及解决措施研究[J].江苏卫生事业管理,2018,29(6):647-649.
[6]约翰·杜威.公众及其问题[M].贾祥敏,译.上海:复旦大学出版社,2015:127.
[7]王愈.医患信息不对称给诊疗过程带来的不利影响及应对措施[J].名医,2018(6):160.
[8]位珍珍,张淑萍,段红梅.我国医患关系紧张的原因及对策分析[J].中国医学伦理学,2015,28(6):937-939.
[9]Robert K.Merton.Sociological ambivalence and other essays[M].New York:Free Press,1976:26.
[10]威廉·哈拉尔.新资本主义[M].冯韵文,黄育馥,译.北京:社会科学文献出版社,1999:309.
[11]侯胜田.医患沟通的主要障碍、影响因素与改进方法[J]首都医科大学学报:社会科学版,2013(3):33-36.
[12]赵珊,黄海,伍敏.某三甲医院2009~2014年医患纠纷影响因素分析[J].中国医药导报,2016,13(8):181-184.
[13]霍添琪,韩明林.和谐社会下医患关系现状分析及对策探讨[J].中国医疗管理科学,2015,8(3):48-52.
[14]于昕可,王素珍,孙敦振.医患纠纷产生的原因分析及防范建议[J].中国医药科学,2018,8(8):253-256.
[15]Doble J,Richardson A.You don′t have to be a rocket scientist[J].Technology Review,1992(1):51-54.
[16]江锦祥,赵蓉蓉,郭穗君,等.医务人员语言沟通艺术对现代医学模式中医患关系的影响[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2014,36(6):43-46.
[17]荣振华,石悦.医患纠纷第三方调解机制与医疗责任保险融合模式现状问题及对策[J].中国医疗保险,2018(7):63-66.
[18]Shelifer A.A theory of yardstick competition[J].The Rand Journal of Economics,1985,16(3):319-327.
[19]陈锦里.影响医患关系的管理因素及对策研究[J].医药前沿,2015,5(23):324-325.
[20]缪莲英,姜宁,陈音,等.关键风险指标管理对医患纠纷的防范效果研究[J].医院管理论坛,2018,35(6):5-7.
[21]戴明俊,陶叡.和谐医患关系的影响因素及对策分析[J].管理观察,2016(12):133-136.
[22]张涛静,胡凯文,赵畅,等.我院构建和谐医患关系经验总结[J].中国医药导报,2018,15(10):154-157.
[23]李翔,衣楠楠.影响医患关系的不和谐因素分析及对策探讨[J].临床医药文献电子杂志,2016,3(46):9258-9259.