乡村振兴背景下农业供应链金融信贷减贫机制研究——基于社员农户脱贫能力的视角
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摘要
农业供应链金融信贷助推农业产业扶贫是金融支持乡村振兴发展的重要体现。本文基于合作社社员农户是否具有脱贫能力为视角,分析了自主发展模式与委托发展模式下农业供应链金融信贷的减贫机制。研究发现:自主发展模式下的农业供应链金融信贷主要通过产业发展、金融支持与风险防控等三大利益联结机制来实现对社员贫困农户的"造血式"扶贫。委托发展模式下的农业供应链金融信贷主要以优化合作社内部治理结构和利益联结机制为前提,借助政府专项扶贫资金及贫困农户信贷资金的股权量化,发挥债权和股权等资产收益扶贫作用机制,增加对无脱贫能力的贫困社员农户财产性收益来达到减贫增收的目的。为此,进一步加强合作社为载体的农业供应链金融信贷产品创新和强化合作社内部治理结构,提高合作社融资增信能力和构建农村征信体系成为下一步改革方向。
Financial credit for agricultural supply chain promotes poverty alleviation in agricultural industry,which is an important manifestation of financial support for rural revitalization and development.From the perspective of whether cooperative members and farmers have the ability to eliminate poverty,this paper analyses the poverty reduction mechanism based on financial credit for agricultural supply chain under the mode of independent development and entrusted development.The research finds that the financial credit for agricultural supply chain under the mode of independent development mainly achieves the " hematopoietic" poverty alleviation of poor peasant households by means of industrial development,financial support and risk prevention and control.Under the entrusted development mode,the financial credit for agricultural supply chain is mainly based on optimizing the governance structure and interest linkage mechanism within cooperatives.With the help of the government's special poverty alleviation funds and the equity quantification of the credit funds of poor peasant households,the mechanism of poverty alleviation via assets such as creditor's rights and equity gains can be brought into play,and the property gains of poor peasant households which have no ability to eliminate poverty can be increased to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation and income increase.Therefore,further strengthening the innovation of financial credit products for agricultural supply chain and the internal governance structure of cooperatives,improving the ability of financing and credit enhancement of cooperatives and building rural credit information system shall be done in the next step of reformation.
Financial credit for agricultural supply chain promotes poverty alleviation in agricultural industry,which is an important manifestation of financial support for rural revitalization and development.From the perspective of whether cooperative members and farmers have the ability to eliminate poverty,this paper analyses the poverty reduction mechanism based on financial credit for agricultural supply chain under the mode of independent development and entrusted development.The research finds that the financial credit for agricultural supply chain under the mode of independent development mainly achieves the " hematopoietic" poverty alleviation of poor peasant households by means of industrial development,financial support and risk prevention and control.Under the entrusted development mode,the financial credit for agricultural supply chain is mainly based on optimizing the governance structure and interest linkage mechanism within cooperatives.With the help of the government's special poverty alleviation funds and the equity quantification of the credit funds of poor peasant households,the mechanism of poverty alleviation via assets such as creditor's rights and equity gains can be brought into play,and the property gains of poor peasant households which have no ability to eliminate poverty can be increased to achieve the goal of poverty alleviation and income increase.Therefore,further strengthening the innovation of financial credit products for agricultural supply chain and the internal governance structure of cooperatives,improving the ability of financing and credit enhancement of cooperatives and building rural credit information system shall be done in the next step of reformation.
引文
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[31]张庆亮.农业价值链融资:解决小微农业企业融资难的有效途径---从交易成本的视角[J].云南社会科学,2014(5):76-80.
[32]申云,张尊帅,李京蓉.农业供应链金融信贷风险防范研究:综述与展望[J].世界农业,2018(9):39-44.
[33]黄祖辉,邵科.合作社的本质规定性及其漂移[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2009(4):11-16.
[34]苑鹏.中国特色的农民专业合作社制度的变异现象研究[J].中国农村观察,2013(3):40-46.
[35]邢成举,李小云.精英俘获与财政扶贫项目目标偏离的研究[J].中国行政管理,2013(9):109-113.
[36]赵晓峰,邢成举.农民专业合作社与精准扶贫协同发展机制构建:理论逻辑与实践路径[J].农业经济问题,2016(4):23-30.
[2]许月丽,翟文杰.农村金融补贴政策功能界定:市场失灵的弥补意味着什么?[J].金融研究,2015(2):131-147.
[3]吴本健,罗兴,马九杰.农业价值链融资的演进:贸易信贷与银行信贷的替代、互补与互动[J].农业经济问题,2018(2):78-85.
[4]申云,彭小兵.链式融资模式与精准减贫效果---基于准实验研究[J].财经研究,2016(9):4-15.
[5]马九杰,罗兴.农业价值链金融的风险管理机制研究---以广东省湛江市对虾产业链为例[J].华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2017(1):76-85.
[6]MIDDELBERG S L.Value chain financing:evidence from Zambia on smallholder access to finance for mechanization[J].Enterprise developmentµfinance,2017(1-2):112-129.
[7]MURSHID K.A.S.Agricultural commercialization and employment generation:implications for the extreme poor[M]//Extreme poverty,growth,and inequality in bangladesh,2017.
[8]BURGESS R.PANDE R.Do rural banks matter?Evidence from the Indian Social Banking experiment[J].American economic review,2005(3):77-101.
[9]JEANNENEY S.G.KPODAR K.Financial development,financial instability and poverty[R],CSAE working paper,2005.
[10]ODHIMBO N.M.Finance and poverty reduce In China:An empirical investigation[J].International business economics research journal,2010(1):41-53.
[11]FOWOWE B.ABIDOYE B.The effect of financial development on poverty and inequality in African countries[J].Manchester school,2013(4):117-142.
[12]KHAN A.D.AHMAD E,,et al.Financial development and poverty alleviation:Time series evidence from Pakistan[J].World applied sciences journal,2012(11):1576-1581.
[13]JEANNENEY.S.KPODAR.K.Financial development and poverty reduction:Can there be a benefit without a cost?[J].The Journal of development studies,2011(1):87-104.
[14]徐翔,刘尔思.产业扶贫融资模式创新研究[J].经济纵横,2011(7):85-88.
[15]刘西川,程恩江.中国农业产业链融资模式---典型案例与理论含义[J].财贸经济,2013(8):46-56.
[16]童馨乐,李扬,杨向阳.基于交易成本视角的农户借贷渠道偏好研究---以全国六省农户调查数据为例[J].南京农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015(6):78-87.
[17]童馨乐,褚保金,杨向阳.社会资本对农户借贷行为影响的实证研究---基于八省1003个农户的调查数据[J].金融研究,2011(12):177-191.
[18]缪莲英,陈金龙.P2P网络借贷中社会资本对借款者违约风险的影响---以Prosper为例[J].金融论坛,2014(3):9-15.
[19]梁爽,张海洋,平新乔,郝朝艳.财富、社会资本与农户的融资能力[J].金融研究,2014(4):83-97.
[20]杨军,房姿含.供应链金融视角下农业中小企业融资模式及信用风险研究[J].农业技术经济,2017(9):95-104.
[21]王刚贞,江光辉.“农业价值链+互联网金融”的创新模式研究---以农富贷和京农贷为例[J].农村经济,2017(4):49-55
[22]申云,张尊帅,贾晋.农业供应链金融扶贫研究展望---金融减贫机制和效应文献综述及启示[J].西部论坛,2018(5):30-36.
[23]黄英伟,陈永伟.金融发展与就业促进:理论和实证[J].劳动经济研究,2015(1):96-118.
[24]朱一鸣,王伟.普惠金融如何实现精准扶贫?[J].财经研究,2017(10):43-54.
[25]温涛,朱炯,王小华.中国农贷的“精英俘获”机制:贫困县与非贫困县的分层比较[J].经济研究,2016(2):111-125.
[26]姜松.农业价值链金融创新的现实困境与化解之策---以重庆为例[J].农业经济问题,2018(9):44-54.
[27]姚耀军,李明珠.中国金融发展的反贫困效应:非经济增长视角下的实证检验[J].上海财经大学学报,2014(1):69-76.
[28]李建伟.普惠金融发展与城乡收入分配失衡调整---基于空间计量模型的实证研究[J].国际金融研究,2017(10):14-23.
[29]谭燕芝,彭千芮.普惠金融发展与贫困减缓:直接影响与空间溢出效应[J].当代财经,2018(3):56-67.
[30]姜松,周虹.我国农业价值链金融服务需求的影响因素实证研究[J].当代经济管理,2018(12):77-86.
[31]张庆亮.农业价值链融资:解决小微农业企业融资难的有效途径---从交易成本的视角[J].云南社会科学,2014(5):76-80.
[32]申云,张尊帅,李京蓉.农业供应链金融信贷风险防范研究:综述与展望[J].世界农业,2018(9):39-44.
[33]黄祖辉,邵科.合作社的本质规定性及其漂移[J].浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版),2009(4):11-16.
[34]苑鹏.中国特色的农民专业合作社制度的变异现象研究[J].中国农村观察,2013(3):40-46.
[35]邢成举,李小云.精英俘获与财政扶贫项目目标偏离的研究[J].中国行政管理,2013(9):109-113.
[36]赵晓峰,邢成举.农民专业合作社与精准扶贫协同发展机制构建:理论逻辑与实践路径[J].农业经济问题,2016(4):23-30.