贵州白云岩砂化特征及其对隧道支护结构影响
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摘要
贵州地区三叠系和寒武系发育的白云岩存在显著的砂化现象,这极易引起隧道掌子面坍塌及支护结构大变形。以贵州五座隧道为研究对象,分析了白云岩砂化规律及特征,提出砂化特征主要受岩性、地下水发育及构造特征、节理裂隙发育特征影响较大。结果表明:(1)三叠系中统泥质白云岩全强砂化常呈现"泥化"状态,且砂化程度为泥质白云岩>白云岩夹泥质白云岩>白云岩;(2)白云岩的砂化程度受矿物成分、构造及地下水发育环境影响较大,构造活动加大了裂隙的延展度,而地下水加剧了泥质白云岩的岩溶程度;(3)根据现场围岩变形监测,分析了泥质白云岩砂化对老熊冲隧道稳定性的影响,提出泥质白云岩砂化条件下的加固方法和对策。
Significant sandification was found in the dolomite that developed in the Triassic and Cambrian in Guizhou,which could collapse the tunnel face and create large-scale deformations in the support structure. The properties and characteristics of dolomite sandification were analyzed with five tunnels in Guizhou as the research subject. It was discovered that the sandification characteristics were influenced by lithology,groundwater development,tectonic features and joint fissure development. The results show:( 1) The severe sandification of the Triassic basal argillaceous dolomite is characterized by argillization,and the sandification is greatest in argillaceous dolomite,lower in dolomite shale dolomite and lowest in dolomite.( 2) The dolomite sandification is greatly affected by mineral composition,structure,and groundwater environment. The extension of the fracture is caused by the tectonic activity. The groundwater exacerbates the karst of the argillaceous dolomite.( 3) According to the site monitoring of the surrounding rock deformation,the influence of argillaceous dolomite sandification on the stability of the Laoxiongchong tunnel was analyzed to propose reinforcement methods and measures to address argillaceous dolomite sandification.
Significant sandification was found in the dolomite that developed in the Triassic and Cambrian in Guizhou,which could collapse the tunnel face and create large-scale deformations in the support structure. The properties and characteristics of dolomite sandification were analyzed with five tunnels in Guizhou as the research subject. It was discovered that the sandification characteristics were influenced by lithology,groundwater development,tectonic features and joint fissure development. The results show:( 1) The severe sandification of the Triassic basal argillaceous dolomite is characterized by argillization,and the sandification is greatest in argillaceous dolomite,lower in dolomite shale dolomite and lowest in dolomite.( 2) The dolomite sandification is greatly affected by mineral composition,structure,and groundwater environment. The extension of the fracture is caused by the tectonic activity. The groundwater exacerbates the karst of the argillaceous dolomite.( 3) According to the site monitoring of the surrounding rock deformation,the influence of argillaceous dolomite sandification on the stability of the Laoxiongchong tunnel was analyzed to propose reinforcement methods and measures to address argillaceous dolomite sandification.
引文
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[3]李建国,沐红亢,朱健.砂化白云岩工程地质特性初步研究[C]//第2届全国岩石隧道掘进工程技术研讨会,乌鲁木齐,2018.
[4]吉卓礼,邓建华,王玲玲.基于一种新的光学技术观测泥质白云岩的单轴压缩过程[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2018,35(3):116-119.
[5]郭建强,黄质宏.不同试验条件下泥质白云岩物理力学特性试验研究[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2016,33(3):110-114.
[6]梁驽堂.贵州地区软质岩石地基(泥岩、泥质白云岩)承载特性研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2007.
[7]程灏,胡兴.某岩溶隧道支护结构的处治效果分析[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版),2016,33(3):126-130.
[8]张良喜,张海泉,赵其华,等.四川坪头水电站白云岩砂化特征及发育分布规律[J].人民长江,2012,43(19):42-44.
[9]田启文、岳朝林.坪头水电站岩溶砂化细晶白云岩的特性及围岩分类[J].水利水电科技进展,2014,34(5):45-49.
[10]张良喜,赵其华,胡相波,等.某地区白云岩室内溶蚀试验及微观溶蚀机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(4):576-584.
[11]钱嵘.贵州西部不同类型岩溶石漠化区母岩岩石学特征研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2007.
[12]邹子南,王湘锋.浅谈细晶白云岩“砂化”机制及工程实例[J].工程技术,2012,08:91-92.
[13]张良喜,张海泉,赵其华,等.四川坪头水电站白云岩砂化特征及发育分布规律[J].人民长江,2012,43(19):42-44.
[14]刘琦,白友恩,顾展飞,等.石漠化地区石灰岩和白云岩的溶蚀—蠕变特性试验研究:以贵州贞丰—关岭花江岩溶区为例[J].桂林理工大学学报,2017,37(3):399-404.
[15]李爱国,张少锋,左玺龙,等.某水库坝址区白云岩岩溶发育特征及对工程影响[J].资源环境与工程,2014,28(4):459-462.
[16]黄醒醒.云贵地区寒武系岩溶与岩溶水环境特征及其隧道工程适宜性研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2012.
[17]张誉瀚,冯文凯,江虹.白云岩地区岩溶发育特征及控制因素研究:以贵州某机场为例[J].甘肃水利水电技术,2013,49(11):26-33.