SPNED-PR系统内PAOs-GAOs的竞争关系及其氮磷去除特性
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摘要
为研究同步短程硝化内源反硝化除磷(SPNED-PR)系统的脱氮除磷特性及系统内聚磷菌(PAOs)和聚糖菌(GAOs)在氮磷去除的贡献和竞争关系,本研究以实际低C/N比(4左右)生活污水为处理对象,考察了不同浓度的溶解氧(DO)(0.5~2.0mg/L)、NO2--N(4.7~39.9mg/L)和NO3--N(5.0~40.0mg/L)对延时厌氧(150min)/低氧(180min,溶解氧0.5~0.7mg/L)运行的SPNED-PR系统氮磷去除特性和底物转化特性的影响.结果表明,DO浓度均不影响PAOs和GAOs的好氧代谢活性,且两者之间几乎不存在DO竞争.不同NO2--N浓度条件下,GAOs较PAOs更具竞争优势,NO2--N主要是通过GAOs去除的(约占58%);且GAOs所具有的高内源反硝化活性和亚硝耐受力,减弱了高NO2--N浓度(26.2~39.9mg/L)对PAOs反硝化吸磷的抑制,保证了系统的脱氮除磷性能.不同NO3--N浓度条件下,PAOs较GAOs处于竞争优势,其在NO3--N去除中的贡献比例达61.2%.此外,SPNED-PR系统的PURDO>PURnitrate>PURnitrite,PAOs对DO的优先利用保证了低氧条件下系统的高效除磷,且GAOs的内源短程反硝化特性保证了系统的高效脱氮.
In order to analyze the nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) removal characteristics of simultaneous partial nitrification-endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal(SPNED-PR) systems and to elucidate the contribution and competitive relationships between phosphorus and glycogen accumulating organisms(PAOs and GAOs) in the nutrient removal, an extended anaerobic(150 min)/low aerobic(180 min, dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration for 0.5~0.7 mg/L) operated sequencing batch reactor(SBR) fed with domestic wastewater(C/N: around 4) was studied by investigating the effects of different DO(0.5~2.0 mg/L), nitrite(4.7~39.9 mg/L) and nitrate(5.0~40.0 mg/L) concentrations on the nutrient removal and intracellular carbons transformation. Results showed that DO had barely effects on the aerobic metabolisms of both PAOs and GAOs, and almost no PAOs-GAOs competition was detected at various DO concentrations.GAOs had a competitive advantage over PAOs at the presence of nitrite, and nitrite was mainly removed by GAOs(about 58%); GAOs had a greater tolerance to nitrite than PAOs, which alleviated the nitrite inhibition on PAOs at high nitrite concentrations(26.2~39.9 mg/L) and assured the nutrient removal in the SPNED-PR system. PAOs had a competitive advantage over GAOs when nitrate was present, and it contributed to about 61.2% of total nitrate removal. Additionally, PAOs preferred to utilize DO over nitrite and nitrate for P uptake(PURDO>PURnitrate>PURnitrite), which assured the efficient P removal at low aerobic conditions. Highly active GAOs ensured the efficient N removal in the SPNED-PR system via endogenous nitrite denitrification.
In order to analyze the nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) removal characteristics of simultaneous partial nitrification-endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal(SPNED-PR) systems and to elucidate the contribution and competitive relationships between phosphorus and glycogen accumulating organisms(PAOs and GAOs) in the nutrient removal, an extended anaerobic(150 min)/low aerobic(180 min, dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration for 0.5~0.7 mg/L) operated sequencing batch reactor(SBR) fed with domestic wastewater(C/N: around 4) was studied by investigating the effects of different DO(0.5~2.0 mg/L), nitrite(4.7~39.9 mg/L) and nitrate(5.0~40.0 mg/L) concentrations on the nutrient removal and intracellular carbons transformation. Results showed that DO had barely effects on the aerobic metabolisms of both PAOs and GAOs, and almost no PAOs-GAOs competition was detected at various DO concentrations.GAOs had a competitive advantage over PAOs at the presence of nitrite, and nitrite was mainly removed by GAOs(about 58%); GAOs had a greater tolerance to nitrite than PAOs, which alleviated the nitrite inhibition on PAOs at high nitrite concentrations(26.2~39.9 mg/L) and assured the nutrient removal in the SPNED-PR system. PAOs had a competitive advantage over GAOs when nitrate was present, and it contributed to about 61.2% of total nitrate removal. Additionally, PAOs preferred to utilize DO over nitrite and nitrate for P uptake(PURDO>PURnitrate>PURnitrite), which assured the efficient P removal at low aerobic conditions. Highly active GAOs ensured the efficient N removal in the SPNED-PR system via endogenous nitrite denitrification.
引文
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[3]戴娴,王晓霞,彭永臻,等.进水C/N对富集聚磷菌的SNDPR系统脱氮除磷的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2636–2643.
[4]Wang X X,Wang S Y,Zhao J,et al.A novel stoichiometries methodology to quantify functional microorganisms in simultaneous nitrification-endogenous denitrification and phosphorous removal(SNEDPR)[J].Water Research,2015,95:319-329.
[5]戴娴,彭永臻,王晓霞,等.不同厌氧时间对富集聚磷菌的SNDPR系统处理性能的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):92-99.
[6]王晓霞,王淑莹,赵骥,等.厌氧/好氧SNEDPR系统处理低C/N比污水的优化运行[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(9):2672-2680.
[7]Lo I W,Lo K V,Mavinic D S,et al.Contributions of biofilm and suspended sludge to nitrogen transformation and nitrous oxide emission in hybrid sequencing batch system[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2010,22(7):953-960.
[8]Coma M,Verawaty M,Pijuan M,et al.Enhancing aerobic granulation for biological nutrient removal from domestic wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,103:101-108.
[9]Gieseke A,Arnz P,Amann R,et al.Simultaneous P and N removal in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor:insights from reactor and microscale investigations[J].Water Research,2002,36:501-509.
[10]Amann R I,Krumholz L,Stahl D A.Fluorescent-oligonucleotide probing of whole cells for determinative,phylogenetic,and environmental studies in microbiology[J].Journal of Bacteriology,1990,172(2):762-770.
[11]Wachtmeister A,Kuba T,Van Loosdrecht M C M,et al.A sludge characterization assay of aerobic and denitrifying phosphorus removing sludge[J].Water Research,1997,31(3):471-478.
[12]Grocetti G R,Hugenholts P,Bond P L.Identification of polyphosphate accumulating organisms and design of 16Sr RNAdirected probes for their detection and quantification[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2000,66(3):1175-1182.
[13]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:252-354.
[14]Coma M,Puig S,Balaguer M D,et al.The role of nitrate and nitrite in a granular sludge process treating low-strength wastewater[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2010,164(1):208-213.
[15]Kerrnjespersen J,Henze M.biological phosphorus uptake under anoxic and aerobic conditions[J].Water Research,1993,27(4):617-624.
[16]Smolders G,Vandermeij J,Vanloosdrecht M,et al.Stoichiometric model of the aerobic metabolism of the biological phosphorus removal process[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,1994,44(7):837-848.
[17]Meinhold J,Arnold E,Isaacs S.Effect of nitrite on anoxic phosphate uptake in biological phosphorus removal activated sludge[J].Water Research,1999,33(8):1871-1883.
[18]史静,吕锡武,朱光灿.好氧聚磷污泥反硝化除磷特性研究[J].水处理技术,2012,38(5):36-39.
[19]Hu J Y,Ong S L,Ng W J,et al.A new method for characterizing denitrifying phosphorus removal bacteria by using three different types of electron acceptors[J].Water Research,2003,37(14):3463-3471.
[20]王亚宜,王淑莹,彭永臻.MLSS,p H及NO2--N对反硝化除磷的影响[J].中国给水排水,2005,21(7):47-51.
[21]Guisasola A,Qurie M,Del marvargas M,et al.Failure of an enriched nitrite-dpao population to use nitrate as an Electron Acceptor[J].Process Biochemistry,2009,44(7):689-695.
[22]Hou H,Wang S,Peng Y,et al.Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process[J].Frontiers of Environmental Science&Engineering in China,2009,3(1):106-111.
[23]Pijuan M,Ye L,Yuan Z.Free nitrous acid inhibition on the aerobic metabolism of poly-phosphate accumulating organisms[J].Water Research,2010,44(20):6063-6072.
[24]杨杰,李冬,罗亚红,等.SBR后置缺氧反硝化除磷的启动及去除性能[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1376-1383.