SBR后置缺氧反硝化除磷的启动及去除性能
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摘要
为实现对氮磷的高效同步去除,采用将缺氧后置的SBR工艺,以生活污水为处理对象,考察反硝化除磷工艺的启动与运行效果.结果表明,先通过短污泥龄(SRT)驯化富集聚磷菌(PAOs),再延长污泥龄并引入缺氧段,39d即可实现反硝化除磷工艺的启动,COD、TP、NH_4~+-N、TN去除率分别为92.9%、98.4%、100%和87.6%.进水COD与TN比(C/N)对系统氮磷去除有一定影响:C/N短暂的降低幅度不超过17.65%时,氮磷去除效率并没有明显变化;当超过33.3%时,脱氮除磷性能下降,但伴随着运行时间的延长,出水COD浓度减少,反硝化除磷菌(DPAOs)在PAOs比例也会提升,这在一定程度上弥补了DPAOs反硝化脱氮效率的下降.周期实验表明,p H值与DO可以作为厌氧释磷结束与周期结束的实时控制参数,大大缩短反应时间,降低曝气能耗.
In order to realize efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in domestic wastewater,a post-anoxic SBR system was used.The results showed that the denitrifying phosphorus removal process was launched in 39 days by firstly shortening the SRT to enrich phosphorus accumulating organisms(PAOs),and then extending the SRT and introducing the anoxic phase.COD,TP,NH_4~+-N and TN removal efficiency were 92.9%,98.4%,100% and 98.4%,respectively.The effect of influent carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N) was also investigated.There was no obvious change on nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency when the decrease of C/N was below 17.65% in a short term.When it exceeded 33.3%,the system had a bad performance on both nitrogen and phosphorus removal,but in the long run,the effluent COD concentration fell,and the proportion of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms(DPAOs) in PAOs increased,which supplemented the removal efficiency of decline to some extent.The cycle test indicated that p H and DO can be the real-time control parameters which decided whether the anaerobic phosphorus release and the cycle ended or not.The reaction time and energy consumption of aeration could be reduced significantly.
In order to realize efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in domestic wastewater,a post-anoxic SBR system was used.The results showed that the denitrifying phosphorus removal process was launched in 39 days by firstly shortening the SRT to enrich phosphorus accumulating organisms(PAOs),and then extending the SRT and introducing the anoxic phase.COD,TP,NH_4~+-N and TN removal efficiency were 92.9%,98.4%,100% and 98.4%,respectively.The effect of influent carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N) was also investigated.There was no obvious change on nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency when the decrease of C/N was below 17.65% in a short term.When it exceeded 33.3%,the system had a bad performance on both nitrogen and phosphorus removal,but in the long run,the effluent COD concentration fell,and the proportion of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms(DPAOs) in PAOs increased,which supplemented the removal efficiency of decline to some extent.The cycle test indicated that p H and DO can be the real-time control parameters which decided whether the anaerobic phosphorus release and the cycle ended or not.The reaction time and energy consumption of aeration could be reduced significantly.
引文
[1]余鸿婷,李敏.反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮除磷机制及其在废水处理中的应用[J].微生物学报,2015,55(3):264-272.
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[11]张玉秀,张伟伟,薛涛,等.亚硝酸型反硝化除磷污泥驯化方式的比较[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(5):493-496.
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[14]Kapagiannidis A G,Zafiriadis I,Aivasidis A.Effect of basic operating parameters on biological phosphorus removal in a continuous-flow anaerobic-anoxic activated sludge system[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2012,35(3):371-382.
[15]胡筱敏,李微,刘金亮,等.p H对以亚硝酸盐为电子受体反硝化除磷的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(5):2144-2149.
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[18]GB18918—2002城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].
[19]Wang Y,Jiang F,Zhang Z,et al.The long-term effect of carbon source on the competition between polyphosphorus accumulating organisms and glycogen accumulating organism in a continuous plug-flow anaerobic/aerobic(A/O)process[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(1):98-104.
[20]Liu L,Tang B,Huang S,et al.Rapid enrichment and cultivation of denitrifying Phosphate-Removal bacteria and its identification by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology[J].Huanjing Kexue,2013,34(7):2869-2875.
[21]DB/890—2012城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].
[22]邹海明,吕锡武,李婷.反硝化除磷-诱导结晶磷回收工艺试验[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(4):127-132.
[23]吴昌永,彭永臻,彭轶,等.A~2O工艺中的反硝化除磷及其强化[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(8):46-49.
[24]Wang Y,Geng J,Ren Z,et al.Effect of COD/N and COD/P ratios on the PHA transformation and dynamics of microbial community structure in a denitrifying phosphorus removal process[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2013,88(7):1228-1236.
[25]Zhang C Y,Zhang H M,Yang F L.Optimal cultivation of simultaneous ammonium and phosphorus removal aerobic granular sludge in A/O/A sequencing batch reactor and the assessment of functional organisms[J].Environmental Technology,2014,35(15):1979-1988.
[26]戴娴,王晓霞,彭永臻,等.进水C/N对富集聚磷菌的SNDPR系统脱氮除磷的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2636-2643.
[27]Zhu R L,Wang S Y,Li J,et al.Effect of influent C/N ratio on nitrogen removal using PHB as electron donor in a postdenitritation SBR[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2013,88(10):1834-1905.
[28]Bu F,Hu X,Xie L,et al.Cassava stillage and its anaerobic fermentation liquid as external carbon sources in biological nutrient removal[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B,2015,16(4):304-316.
[29]Tsuneda S,Ohno T,Soejima K,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal using denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2006,27(3):191-196.
[30]王春丽,马放,刘慧,等.泥龄对反硝化除磷效能的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2007,38(5):637-640.
[31]傅金祥,赵璐,池福强,等.亚硝酸盐反硝化除磷工艺的影响因素[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(3):531-534.
[2]Xu X,Liu G,Zhu L.Enhanced denitrifying phosphorous removal in a novel anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic(AOA)process with the diversion of internal carbon source[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(22):10340-10345.
[3]Ma Y,Peng Y,Wang X.Improving nutrient removal of the AAO process by an influent bypass flow by denitrifying phosphorus removal[J].Desalination,2009,246(1-3):534-544.
[4]Zhou Y,Pijuan M,Yuan Z.Development of a 2-sludge,3-stage system for nitrogen and phosphorous removal from nutrient-rich wastewater using granular sludge and biofilms[J].Water Research,2008,42(12):3207-3217.
[5]Carvalho G,Lemos P C,Oehmen A,et al.Denitrifying phosphorus removal:Linking the process performance with the microbial community structure[J].Water Research,2007,41(19):4383-4396.
[6]Zeng W,Wang X D,Li B X,et al.Nitritation and denitrifying phosphorus removal via nitrite pathway from domestic wastewater in a continuous MUCT process[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,143:187-195.
[7]Zeng R J,Lemaire R,Yuan Z,et al.Simultaneous nitrification,denitrification,and phosphorus removal in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor[J].Biotechnology and Bioengineering,2003,84(2):170-178.
[8]Park J B,Lee H W,Lee S Y,et al.Microbial community analysis of 5-stage biological nutrient removal process with step feed system[J].Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2002,12(6):929-935.
[9]Singh M,Srivastava R K.Sequencing batch reactor technology for biological wastewater treatment:A review[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,2011,6(1):3-13.
[10]何理,高大文.基于反硝化聚磷菌的颗粒污泥的培养[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(2):383-389.
[11]张玉秀,张伟伟,薛涛,等.亚硝酸型反硝化除磷污泥驯化方式的比较[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(5):493-496.
[12]Marcelino M,Wallaert D,Guisasola A,et al.A two-sludge system for simultaneous biological C,N and P removal via the nitrite pathway[J].Water Science and Technology,2011,64(5):1142-1147.
[13]Wang Y,Peng Y,Stephenson T.Effect of influent nutrient ratios and hydraulic retention time(HRT)on simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal in a two-sludge sequencing batch reactor process[J].Bioresource Technology,2009,100(14):3506-3512.
[14]Kapagiannidis A G,Zafiriadis I,Aivasidis A.Effect of basic operating parameters on biological phosphorus removal in a continuous-flow anaerobic-anoxic activated sludge system[J].Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering,2012,35(3):371-382.
[15]胡筱敏,李微,刘金亮,等.p H对以亚硝酸盐为电子受体反硝化除磷的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(5):2144-2149.
[16]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)[J].2002:100-104.
[17]Wachtmeister A,Kuba T,Van Loosdrecht M,et al.A sludge characterization assay for aerobic and denitrifying phosphorus removing sludge[J].Water Research,1997,31(3):471-478.
[18]GB18918—2002城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].
[19]Wang Y,Jiang F,Zhang Z,et al.The long-term effect of carbon source on the competition between polyphosphorus accumulating organisms and glycogen accumulating organism in a continuous plug-flow anaerobic/aerobic(A/O)process[J].Bioresource Technology,2010,101(1):98-104.
[20]Liu L,Tang B,Huang S,et al.Rapid enrichment and cultivation of denitrifying Phosphate-Removal bacteria and its identification by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology[J].Huanjing Kexue,2013,34(7):2869-2875.
[21]DB/890—2012城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].
[22]邹海明,吕锡武,李婷.反硝化除磷-诱导结晶磷回收工艺试验[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(4):127-132.
[23]吴昌永,彭永臻,彭轶,等.A~2O工艺中的反硝化除磷及其强化[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009,41(8):46-49.
[24]Wang Y,Geng J,Ren Z,et al.Effect of COD/N and COD/P ratios on the PHA transformation and dynamics of microbial community structure in a denitrifying phosphorus removal process[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2013,88(7):1228-1236.
[25]Zhang C Y,Zhang H M,Yang F L.Optimal cultivation of simultaneous ammonium and phosphorus removal aerobic granular sludge in A/O/A sequencing batch reactor and the assessment of functional organisms[J].Environmental Technology,2014,35(15):1979-1988.
[26]戴娴,王晓霞,彭永臻,等.进水C/N对富集聚磷菌的SNDPR系统脱氮除磷的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2636-2643.
[27]Zhu R L,Wang S Y,Li J,et al.Effect of influent C/N ratio on nitrogen removal using PHB as electron donor in a postdenitritation SBR[J].Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2013,88(10):1834-1905.
[28]Bu F,Hu X,Xie L,et al.Cassava stillage and its anaerobic fermentation liquid as external carbon sources in biological nutrient removal[J].Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B,2015,16(4):304-316.
[29]Tsuneda S,Ohno T,Soejima K,et al.Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal using denitrifying phosphate-accumulating organisms in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2006,27(3):191-196.
[30]王春丽,马放,刘慧,等.泥龄对反硝化除磷效能的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2007,38(5):637-640.
[31]傅金祥,赵璐,池福强,等.亚硝酸盐反硝化除磷工艺的影响因素[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2009,25(3):531-534.