储层速度建模分析及域转换
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摘要
通过建模的方法建立全三维空变网格速度体进行时深转换。首先对井筒、地震速度谱数据进行严格质控;然后优选体趋势约束方法将单井速度内插外推。结果表明该方法可以将井筒速度和地震速度谱高效地融合为一体,包含了丰富的横向和纵向速度的变化信息,从而实现速度体与构造形态、井筒以及井间速度变化趋势更加合理;最终使深度域构造模型更加真实地反映地下构造的变化趋势,提高域转换后数据的相关性。
Full 3D space-variant grid velocity body is established by modeling method for time to depth conversion.Firstly,the quality of the wellbore and the seismic velocity spectrum data is strictly controlled. Then optimum volume trend constraint method is applied to wellbore velocity interpolation and extrapolation. It shows that the method can integrate wellbore velocity and seismic velocity efficiently,which contains abundant horizontal and vertical velocity information. It makes the change trend of velocity body,structural shape,wellbore and internal well velocity more reasonable. Finally,the structural model in depth domain can more precisely reflect the change trend of underground structure,and improve the correlation of data after domain conversion.
Full 3D space-variant grid velocity body is established by modeling method for time to depth conversion.Firstly,the quality of the wellbore and the seismic velocity spectrum data is strictly controlled. Then optimum volume trend constraint method is applied to wellbore velocity interpolation and extrapolation. It shows that the method can integrate wellbore velocity and seismic velocity efficiently,which contains abundant horizontal and vertical velocity information. It makes the change trend of velocity body,structural shape,wellbore and internal well velocity more reasonable. Finally,the structural model in depth domain can more precisely reflect the change trend of underground structure,and improve the correlation of data after domain conversion.
引文
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[3]郭旭升,胡东风.川东北礁滩天然气勘探新进展及关键技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):6-11.Guo X S,Hu D F.Newest progress and key techniques in gas exploration of reef-bank reservoirs in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):6-11.(in Chinese)
[4]胡伟光,蒲勇,易小林,等.川东北元坝地区生物礁识别[J].物探与化探,2010,34(5):635-642.Hu W G,Pu Y,Yi X L,et al.A tentative discussion on the recognition of bioherm in Yuanba Area,Eastern Sichuan Province[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2010,34(5):635-642.(in Chinese)
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[7]潘宏勋,方伍宝.地震速度分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理近展,2006,29(5):305-311.Pan H X,Fang W B.Review of seismic velocity analysis methods[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(5):305-311.(in Chinese)
[8]Garotta R,Michon D.Continuous analysis of the velocity function and of the normal-moveout corrections[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1967,15(4):584-597.
[9]Doherty S M,Claerbout J F.Structure independent velocity estimation[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):850-881.
[10]Bishop T,Bube K,Cutler R,et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media[J].Geophysics,1985,50(6):903-922.
[11]Mac Kay S,Abma R.Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992,57(12):1608-1622.
[12]Kabir M M N,Verschuur D J.Migration velocity analysis using the common focus point technology[C]//Expanded Abstracts of the 66thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting.Denver:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1996:407-410.
[13]de Rijzen M,Verschuur D J.3D focusing operator estimation using sparse data[C]//Expanded Abstracts of the74thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting.Denver:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2004:2048-2051.
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[15]陈恭洋.碎屑岩油气储层随机建模[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.Chen G Y.Stochastic Modeling of Oil and Gas Reservoirs in Clastic Rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000.(in Chinese)
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[17]Agterberg F P.Geomathematics:Mathematical Background and Geo-Science Applications[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1974.
[18]姜贻伟,刘红磊,杨福涛,等.震控储层建模方法及其在普光气田的应用[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):14-17.Jiang Y W,Liu H L,Yang F T,et al.Seismicconstrained reservoir modeling and its application in the Puguang Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(3):14-17.(in Chinese)
[19]万方,崔文彬,李士超.RMS提取技术在溶洞型碳酸盐岩储层地质建模中的应用[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):279-286.Wan F,Cui W B,Li S C.The application of RMS extracting technology in geological modeling on carbonate reservoir with cavern[J].Geoscience,2010,24(2):279-286.(in Chinese)
[20]杨敏芳,杨瑞召,张春雷.地震约束地质建模技术在松辽盆地古537区块储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):58-61.Yang M F,Yang R Z,Zhang C L.Application of seismic constraint geologic modeling technique for reservoir prediction in Gu537 block of Songliao Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):58-61.(in Chinese)
[21]张连进,朱占美,郑伟,等.龙岗地区礁滩气藏地质建模方法探索[J].天然气工业,2012,32(1):45-48.Zhang L J,Zhu Z M,Zheng W,et al.Geological modeling of reef-bank gas reservoirs in the Longgang Gas Field,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(1):45-48.(in Chinese)
[22]王磊,林建东.三维地震勘探中叠加速度成图[J].中国煤田地质,2000,12(2):57-59.Wang L,Lin J D.Stacking velocity mapping in 3-D seismic exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2000,12(2):57-59.(in Chinese)
[23]Schlumberger.Schlumberger Software Supporting Materials:Velocity Modeling[M].Houston:Schlumberger,2013.
[24]王香文.东岭地区三维速度模型的建立和应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(6):412-414.Wang X W.3-D velocity model building and its application in Dongling area[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(6):412-414.(in Chinese)
[25]李幸粟,刘文利,马涛.新疆Y区三维资料速度场研究与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,21(增刊1):75-85.Li X L,Liu W L,Ma T.Research and application of 3D velocity field in Y area of Xinjiang[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,21(S1):75-85.(in Chinese)
[26]马涛.塔里木速度场的建立和应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):382-393.Mao T.Determination of velocity field in the Tarim Basin and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(3):382-393.(in Chinese)
[27]白尘,瞿国平.三参数速度分析[J].石油物探,1994,33(3):68-76.Bai C,Qu G P.Three-parameter velocity analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1994,33(3):68-76.(in Chinese)
[28]王浩,王荐.地震数据体时深转换关键技术研究[R].成都:中国石化西南油气分公司,2015.Wang H,Wang J.Key Technology Research of Time to Depth Conversion of 3D Seismic Data Volume[R].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum Branch of SINOPEC,2015.(in Chinese)
[29]范菊芬,邵吉华.元坝三维叠前时间偏移处理成果报告[R].成都:中国石化西南油气分公司,2010.Fan J F,Shao J H.3D Prestack Time Migration Processing in Yuanba Area[R].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum Branch of SINOPEC,2010.(in Chinese)
[30]李少华,尹艳树,张昌民.储层随机建模系列技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.Li S H,Yin Y S,Zhang C M.A Series of Reservoir Stochastic Modeling Techniques[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[31]任殿星,田昌炳.多条件约束油藏地质建模[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012.Ren D X,Tian C B.Reservoir Geological Modeling with Multi Condition Constraint[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[32]靳国栋,刘衍聪,牛文杰.距离加权反比插值法和克里金插值法的比较[J].长春工业大学学报,2003,24(3):53-55.Jin G D,Liu Y C,Niu W J.Comparison between inverse distance weighting method and Kriging[J].Journal of Changchun University of Technology,2003,24(3):53-55.(in Chinese)
[2]郭彤楼.元坝深层礁滩气田基本特征与成藏主控因素[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):12-16.Guo T L.Basic characteristics of deep reef-bank reservoirs and major controlling factors of gas pools in the Yuanba Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):12-16.(in Chinese)
[3]郭旭升,胡东风.川东北礁滩天然气勘探新进展及关键技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):6-11.Guo X S,Hu D F.Newest progress and key techniques in gas exploration of reef-bank reservoirs in the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):6-11.(in Chinese)
[4]胡伟光,蒲勇,易小林,等.川东北元坝地区生物礁识别[J].物探与化探,2010,34(5):635-642.Hu W G,Pu Y,Yi X L,et al.A tentative discussion on the recognition of bioherm in Yuanba Area,Eastern Sichuan Province[J].Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2010,34(5):635-642.(in Chinese)
[5]龙胜祥,刘成川,游瑜春,等.元坝气田17亿开发方案[R].成都:中国石化西南油气分公司,2011.Long S X,Liu C C,You Y C,et al.1.7 Billion Cube Meters Gas Development Plan of Yuanba Gas Field[R].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum Branch of SINOPEC,2011.(in Chinese)
[6]曾焱,刘远洋,景小燕,等.元坝长兴组生物礁气藏三维精细地质建模技术[J].天然气工业,2016,36(增刊1):8-14.Zeng Y,Liu Y Y,Jing X Y,et al.3D fine geological modeling of reef gas reservoirs of Changxing Formation in Yuanba gas field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(S1):8-14.(in Chinese)
[7]潘宏勋,方伍宝.地震速度分析方法综述[J].勘探地球物理近展,2006,29(5):305-311.Pan H X,Fang W B.Review of seismic velocity analysis methods[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(5):305-311.(in Chinese)
[8]Garotta R,Michon D.Continuous analysis of the velocity function and of the normal-moveout corrections[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1967,15(4):584-597.
[9]Doherty S M,Claerbout J F.Structure independent velocity estimation[J].Geophysics,1976,41(5):850-881.
[10]Bishop T,Bube K,Cutler R,et al.Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media[J].Geophysics,1985,50(6):903-922.
[11]Mac Kay S,Abma R.Imaging and velocity estimation with depth-focusing analysis[J].Geophysics,1992,57(12):1608-1622.
[12]Kabir M M N,Verschuur D J.Migration velocity analysis using the common focus point technology[C]//Expanded Abstracts of the 66thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting.Denver:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1996:407-410.
[13]de Rijzen M,Verschuur D J.3D focusing operator estimation using sparse data[C]//Expanded Abstracts of the74thAnnual Internat SEG Meeting.Denver:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2004:2048-2051.
[14]魏嘉.地质建模技术[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(1):1-6.Wei J.Review of geologic model building techniques[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2007,30(1):1-6.(in Chinese)
[15]陈恭洋.碎屑岩油气储层随机建模[M].北京:地质出版社,2000.Chen G Y.Stochastic Modeling of Oil and Gas Reservoirs in Clastic Rocks[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000.(in Chinese)
[16]刘钰铭,侯加根.缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏三维地质建模——以塔河油田奥陶系油藏为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2016Liu Y M,Hou J G.3D Geological Modeling of FractureCavity Carbonate Reservoir[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2016.(in Chinese)
[17]Agterberg F P.Geomathematics:Mathematical Background and Geo-Science Applications[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1974.
[18]姜贻伟,刘红磊,杨福涛,等.震控储层建模方法及其在普光气田的应用[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):14-17.Jiang Y W,Liu H L,Yang F T,et al.Seismicconstrained reservoir modeling and its application in the Puguang Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(3):14-17.(in Chinese)
[19]万方,崔文彬,李士超.RMS提取技术在溶洞型碳酸盐岩储层地质建模中的应用[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):279-286.Wan F,Cui W B,Li S C.The application of RMS extracting technology in geological modeling on carbonate reservoir with cavern[J].Geoscience,2010,24(2):279-286.(in Chinese)
[20]杨敏芳,杨瑞召,张春雷.地震约束地质建模技术在松辽盆地古537区块储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2010,49(1):58-61.Yang M F,Yang R Z,Zhang C L.Application of seismic constraint geologic modeling technique for reservoir prediction in Gu537 block of Songliao Basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(1):58-61.(in Chinese)
[21]张连进,朱占美,郑伟,等.龙岗地区礁滩气藏地质建模方法探索[J].天然气工业,2012,32(1):45-48.Zhang L J,Zhu Z M,Zheng W,et al.Geological modeling of reef-bank gas reservoirs in the Longgang Gas Field,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(1):45-48.(in Chinese)
[22]王磊,林建东.三维地震勘探中叠加速度成图[J].中国煤田地质,2000,12(2):57-59.Wang L,Lin J D.Stacking velocity mapping in 3-D seismic exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2000,12(2):57-59.(in Chinese)
[23]Schlumberger.Schlumberger Software Supporting Materials:Velocity Modeling[M].Houston:Schlumberger,2013.
[24]王香文.东岭地区三维速度模型的建立和应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(6):412-414.Wang X W.3-D velocity model building and its application in Dongling area[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2006,29(6):412-414.(in Chinese)
[25]李幸粟,刘文利,马涛.新疆Y区三维资料速度场研究与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,21(增刊1):75-85.Li X L,Liu W L,Ma T.Research and application of 3D velocity field in Y area of Xinjiang[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,21(S1):75-85.(in Chinese)
[26]马涛.塔里木速度场的建立和应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,1996,31(3):382-393.Mao T.Determination of velocity field in the Tarim Basin and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1996,31(3):382-393.(in Chinese)
[27]白尘,瞿国平.三参数速度分析[J].石油物探,1994,33(3):68-76.Bai C,Qu G P.Three-parameter velocity analysis[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,1994,33(3):68-76.(in Chinese)
[28]王浩,王荐.地震数据体时深转换关键技术研究[R].成都:中国石化西南油气分公司,2015.Wang H,Wang J.Key Technology Research of Time to Depth Conversion of 3D Seismic Data Volume[R].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum Branch of SINOPEC,2015.(in Chinese)
[29]范菊芬,邵吉华.元坝三维叠前时间偏移处理成果报告[R].成都:中国石化西南油气分公司,2010.Fan J F,Shao J H.3D Prestack Time Migration Processing in Yuanba Area[R].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum Branch of SINOPEC,2010.(in Chinese)
[30]李少华,尹艳树,张昌民.储层随机建模系列技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.Li S H,Yin Y S,Zhang C M.A Series of Reservoir Stochastic Modeling Techniques[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.(in Chinese)
[31]任殿星,田昌炳.多条件约束油藏地质建模[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2012.Ren D X,Tian C B.Reservoir Geological Modeling with Multi Condition Constraint[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012.(in Chinese)
[32]靳国栋,刘衍聪,牛文杰.距离加权反比插值法和克里金插值法的比较[J].长春工业大学学报,2003,24(3):53-55.Jin G D,Liu Y C,Niu W J.Comparison between inverse distance weighting method and Kriging[J].Journal of Changchun University of Technology,2003,24(3):53-55.(in Chinese)