我国小流域网络化治理路径的探索——以福建省长汀县为例
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摘要
以小流域为单元的综合治理已经成为生态文明建设的一个难点问题。党的十九大报告指出,着力解决突出环境问题,构建政府为主导、企业为主体、社会组织和公众共同参与的环境治理体系。这意味着,加强多元主体间合作治理的网络化治理模式已经成为治理工作的主要治理模式。探索小流域网络化治理路径对于推动我国生态文明建设,促进人与自然、经济与自然的和谐发展具有重要意义。以国家级贫困县和南方水土流失典型区域——福建省长汀县为例,运用网络化治理理论分析长汀县小流域治理经验,研究发现:该案例在培育小流域多元治理主体,建立新型公共治理体系;创建纵横联结关系,构建行政主导型网络治理结构;保持信息对称和有力监督,维持网络稳定运行等方面,为我国小流域的网络化治理路径提供了普遍意义上的经验与借鉴。
The comprehensive treatment of small watershed as unit has become a difficult problem in the eco-logical civilization construction. The reports of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of Chinapoints out that we will focus on solving major environmental problems and build an environmental governancesystem that is led by the government, dominated by enterprises, and jointly participated by social organizationsand the public, which means that the mode of networked governing strengthening the multi-agent cooperativegovernance has already become the main mode of governance. It is of great significance to search for the way tonetworked governing of small watershed for promoting the ecological civilization construction and promoting theharmonious development of man and nature, of economy and nature. Taking Changting County in Fujian Prov-ince, a national-level poverty-stricken county and typical area of water loss and soil erosion in the south of Chi-na as an example, by applying the theory of networked governing to analyze the experience of Changting Countyin networked governing, this article finds that: this case provides experience and reference in a universal sensefor the way to networked governing of China's small watershed in cultivating diversified agent of governing ofsmall watershed, establishing a new system of public governance, creating horizontal and vertical connections,building an administration-oriented structure of network governing, keeping the information symmetry andstrong supervision, and maintaining the stable operation of network
The comprehensive treatment of small watershed as unit has become a difficult problem in the eco-logical civilization construction. The reports of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of Chinapoints out that we will focus on solving major environmental problems and build an environmental governancesystem that is led by the government, dominated by enterprises, and jointly participated by social organizationsand the public, which means that the mode of networked governing strengthening the multi-agent cooperativegovernance has already become the main mode of governance. It is of great significance to search for the way tonetworked governing of small watershed for promoting the ecological civilization construction and promoting theharmonious development of man and nature, of economy and nature. Taking Changting County in Fujian Prov-ince, a national-level poverty-stricken county and typical area of water loss and soil erosion in the south of Chi-na as an example, by applying the theory of networked governing to analyze the experience of Changting Countyin networked governing, this article finds that: this case provides experience and reference in a universal sensefor the way to networked governing of China's small watershed in cultivating diversified agent of governing ofsmall watershed, establishing a new system of public governance, creating horizontal and vertical connections,building an administration-oriented structure of network governing, keeping the information symmetry andstrong supervision, and maintaining the stable operation of network
引文
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[2]ROBERT L,SMITH J P.Local governance in Britain[M].Palgrave Macmillan Limited,2001:81-135.
[3]胡永佳.治理的创新:电子政府的理论与实践[M].北京:学习出版社,2002.
[4]ANONYMOUS.Our global neighborhood:the report of the commission on global governance[J].The George Washington International Law Review,1995(3):754-756.
[5]俞可平.中国治理变迁30年(1978-2008)[J].吉林大学社会科学学报,2008(48):5-17.
[6]陈广胜.走向善治——中国地方政府的模式创新[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2007.
[7]孙健,张智瀛.网络化治理:研究视角及进路[J].中国行政管理,2014(8):72-75.
[8]刘国翰.公共领域网络化治理的联接模式[J].东华大学学报(社会科学版),2011(4):256-260.
[9]WACHHAUS T.Anarchy as a model for network governance[J].Public Administration Review,2012(1):33—42.
[10]郭劲光.网络治理机制的一个一般性理论分析框架[J].经济评论,2005(3):92-94.
[11]鄞益奋.网络治理:公共管理的新框架[J].公共管理学报,2007(1):136-139.
[12]田星亮.论网络化治理的主体及其相互联系[J].学术界,2011(2):61-69.
[13]张爱军,许德胜.网络治理的三种模式:比较与选择[J].晋阳学刊,2014(6):33-36.
[14]陆小成.城市低碳发展的空间网络化治理路径研究——基于“兰州蓝”的经验考察[J].中国行政管理,2016(8):76-80.
[15]蔡立雄,郭熙保.城镇化与小流域水土流失治理的出路[J].现代经济探讨,2014(3):79-83.
[16]齐实,李月.小流域综合治理的国内外进展综述与思考[J].北京林业大学学报,2017(8):2-8.
[17]程焕玲,马志林.豫西黄土丘陵区生态清洁小流域建设“畛河模式”[J].水生态文明论坛,2017(12):16-17.
[18]丁红春.泾川县田家沟生态清洁型小流域建设的做法与成效[J].中国水土保持,2013(6):6-8.
[19]罗文生.云南思茅河盆地生态清洁型流域建设技术措施体系研究[J].中国水土保持,2011(2):45-46.
[20]孙健.网络化治理:公共事务管理的新模式[J].学术界,2012(1):55-60.
[21]罗晓媚.网络化治理视角下我国区域公共问题合作治理模式研究[D].西安:西北大学,2010.
[22]KEAST R L,MANDELL M P,BROWN A.Network structures:working differently and changing expectations[J].Public Administration Review,2004(3):364.
[23]姚引良,刘波,汪应洛.网络化治理理论在地方政府公共管理实践中的运用及其对行政体制改革的启示[J].人文杂志,2010(1):76-85.
[24]黄如飞.长汀故事二则:绝地重生.福建日报[N/OL].(2014-10-27)[2014-10-28].http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2014-10-28/081931055469.shtml.