树基沟矿区铜胁迫落叶松的光谱响应特征研究
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摘要
为了研究长白落叶松光谱对土壤Cu胁迫的响应特征和变化规律,在辽东树基沟矿区的3条勘测线上布置采样点,进行表层土壤的多种重金属元素含量和长白落叶松针叶的反射光谱测定,并提取了7个特征波段,计算了多个波段区间的光谱角,将其与土壤主要重金属铜的含量进行相关分析,建立了回归模型。结果表明:7个光谱特征波段中,"红谷"参数与表层土壤铜含量的相关系数最大,基于"红谷"反射率建立的回归模型的R~2达到0. 865。光谱角对铜胁迫长白落叶松针叶波段区间[400,716]nm、[400,2 500]nm的光谱变化十分敏感。"红边"位置和反射率与土壤铜含量不相关,不适合区分矿区表层土壤重金属含量间的细微差别。对可见光敏感的"红谷"参数和光谱角均表明反射光谱的差异主要由叶绿素含量控制,小部分受到针叶中水分含量的影响。本研究利用长白落叶松"红谷"和光谱角的"指纹效应",为快速有效反演大面积高植被覆盖区的土壤重金属含量、圈定隐伏矿(化)体提供了理论依据。
In order to study the spectral response and change rule of Larix olgensis Henry to copper stress,sampling points were arranged along three exploratory lines in Shujigou mining area of eastern Liaoning province. Several heavy metal concentrations in the surface soil and reflectance spectra of Larix olgensis Henry needle leaves of each sample point were measured. 7 characteristic wavelengths were extracted and spectral anglesof several band regions were also calculated respectively. Then the spectral signatures changes in copper-stressed needle leaves and soil copper concentrations were disposed by bivarite correlations analysis and regression equation were estimated. Results showed that the correlation coefficient of the "Red trough"parameter and soil copper concentration was the largest among them,and that the coefficient of determination( R~2) of regression model based on the reflectance of"Red trough"was 0. 865. The spectral angles were very sensitive to spectral changes of copper stressed Larix olgensis Henry needle for wavelength from 400 nm to 716 nm and wavelength from 400 nm to 2 500 nm,which has been proved to be an efficient tool for describing the spectral differences between copper-contaminated leaves and healthy ones. However,the red edge position( REP) and reflectance of REP had little to do with the content of heavy metals in soil and were not suitable for determining copper contamination in soil. The fact that "Red trough"parameter and spectral angles are sensitive to visible light demonstrates that the difference in the reflectance spectrum is mainly controlled by chlorophyll content,and only a small part of the difference is affected by the water content of needles. The fingerprint effects of"Red trough"and spectral angles in this paper can provide new technology to support the diagnosis and monitoring for mine contamination and locate the future mineralization.
In order to study the spectral response and change rule of Larix olgensis Henry to copper stress,sampling points were arranged along three exploratory lines in Shujigou mining area of eastern Liaoning province. Several heavy metal concentrations in the surface soil and reflectance spectra of Larix olgensis Henry needle leaves of each sample point were measured. 7 characteristic wavelengths were extracted and spectral anglesof several band regions were also calculated respectively. Then the spectral signatures changes in copper-stressed needle leaves and soil copper concentrations were disposed by bivarite correlations analysis and regression equation were estimated. Results showed that the correlation coefficient of the "Red trough"parameter and soil copper concentration was the largest among them,and that the coefficient of determination( R~2) of regression model based on the reflectance of"Red trough"was 0. 865. The spectral angles were very sensitive to spectral changes of copper stressed Larix olgensis Henry needle for wavelength from 400 nm to 716 nm and wavelength from 400 nm to 2 500 nm,which has been proved to be an efficient tool for describing the spectral differences between copper-contaminated leaves and healthy ones. However,the red edge position( REP) and reflectance of REP had little to do with the content of heavy metals in soil and were not suitable for determining copper contamination in soil. The fact that "Red trough"parameter and spectral angles are sensitive to visible light demonstrates that the difference in the reflectance spectrum is mainly controlled by chlorophyll content,and only a small part of the difference is affected by the water content of needles. The fingerprint effects of"Red trough"and spectral angles in this paper can provide new technology to support the diagnosis and monitoring for mine contamination and locate the future mineralization.
引文
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[15]涂常青,温欣荣,张镜,等.硫化铜矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染及其生态危害评价[J].土壤通报,2013,44(4):987-992.TU CH Q,WEN X R,ZHANG J,et al..Evaluation of the heavy metals pollution and its ecological risks of the farmland soil around the cupric sulfide ore district[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2013,44(4):987-992.(in Chinese)
[16]朱叶青,屈永华,刘素红,等.重金属铜污染植被光谱响应特征研究[J].遥感学报,2014,18(2):335-352.ZHU Y Q,QU Y H,LIU S H,et al..Spectral response of wheat and lettuce to copper pollution[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,18(2):335-352.(in Chinese)
[17]杜立宇,梁成华,刘桂琴.红透山铜尾矿重金属分布及其对土壤重金属污染的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(4):938-941.DU L Y,LIANG CH H,LIU G Q.The distribution characteristics of heavy mteals in Cu mine tailing and effect of heavy metals on pollution of soils in the Areas of Hong Tou Mountians[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2008,39(4):938-941.(in Chinese)
[18]杨丽丽,姚玉增,贾晟哲,等.辽东树基沟铜锌矿矿区表层土壤重金属分布[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2018,37(1):17-22.YANG L L,YAO Y Z,JIA CH ZH,et al..Heavy metal distribution in the surface soil of Shujigou copper-zinc mining area eastern Liaoning[J].Journal of Shenyang Ligong University,2018,37(1):17-22.(in Chinese)
[19]唐鹏,刘光,徐俊锋.植物重金属胁迫的高光谱遥感研究进展[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,13(6):634-640.TANG P,LIU G,XU J F.The progress of hyperspectrum remote sensing under heavy metal stress in plants[J].Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Natural Science),2014,13(6):634-640.(in Chinese)
[20]邬登巍,吴昀昭,马宏瑞.植物污染胁迫遥感监测研究综述[J].遥感技术与应用,2009,24(2):238-245.WU D W,WU Y ZH,MA H R.Review on remote sensing monitoring on contaminated plant[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2009,24(2):238-245.(in Chinese)
[2]王飞,丁建丽.基于土壤植被光谱协同分析的土壤盐度推理模型构建研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(6):1848-1853.WANG F,DING J L.Soil salinity modelling study with salinity inference model based on the integration of soil and vegetation spectrum in arid land[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2016,36(6):1848-1853.(in Chinese)
[3]石荣杰,潘贤章,王昌昆,等.污染土壤对脐橙叶片镉含量影响的光谱预测[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(11):3140-3145.SHI R J,PAN X ZH,WANG CH K,et al..Prediction of cadmium content in the leaves of navel orange in heavy metal contaminated soil using VIS-NIR reflectance spectroscopy[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2015,35(11):3140-3145.(in Chinese)
[4]杨可明,汪国平,尤笛,等.重金属铅离子胁迫下玉米叶片光谱弱差信息的DSAT甄别模型[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(8):2568-2572.YANG K M,WANG G P,YOU D,et al..DSAT model on identifying the weak difference information of corn leaf spectra stressed by heavy metal lead ion[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2016,36(8):2568-2572.(in Chinese)
[5]屈永华,焦思红,刘素红,等.从高光谱卫星数据中提取植被覆盖区铜污染信息[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(11):3176-3181.QU Y H,JIAO S H,LIU S H,et al..Retrieval of copper pollution information from hyperspectral satellite data in a vegetation cover mining area[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2015,35(11):3176-3181.(in Chinese)
[6]刘素红,刘新会,侯娟,等.植物光谱应用于白菜铜胁迫响应研究[J].中国科学E辑:技术科学,2007,37(5):693-699.LIU S H,LIU X H,HOU J,et al..Study on the spectral response of Brassica Campestris L.leaf to the copper pollution[J].Science in China Series E:Technological Sciences,2008,51(2):202-208.(in Chinese)
[7]甘甫平,刘圣伟,周强,等.德兴铜矿矿山污染高光谱遥感直接识别研究[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2004,29(1):119-126.GAN F P,LIU SH W,ZHOU Q,et al..Identification of mining pollution using hyperion data at Dexing copper mine in Jiangxi Province,China[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(1):119-126.(in Chinese)
[8]付馨,赵艳玲,李建华,等.高光谱遥感土壤重金属污染研究综述[J].中国矿业,2013,22(1):65-68,82.FU X,ZHAO Y L,LI J H,et al..Research on hyper-spectral remote sensing in heavy metal pollution soil[J].China Mining Magazine,2013,22(1):65-68,82.(in Chinese)
[9]李鑫龙,陈圣波,陈磊,等.基于地面实测光谱的多金属矿区土壤重金属含量反演研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(7):121-125.LI X L,CHEN SH B,CHEN L,et al..Study on the inversion of soil heavy metal elements concentrations from field spectra in the polymetallic mining area[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(7):121-125.(in Chinese)
[10]黄元超,王阿川.基于空谱联合和波段分类的高光谱压缩感知重构[J].液晶与显示,2018,33(4):291-298.HUANG Y CH,WANG A CH.Hyperspectral compressed perceptual reconstruction based on space spectrum combination and band classification[J].Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays,2018,33(4):291-298.(in Chinese)
[11]吴龙国,王松磊,何建国,等.基于高光谱成像技术的土壤水分机理研究及模型建立[J].发光学报,2017,38(10):1366-1376.WU L G,WANG S L,HE J G,et al..Soil moisture mechanism and establishment of model based on hyperspectral imaging technique[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2017,38(10):1366-1376.(in Chinese)
[12]冯迪,纪建伟,张莉,等.基于高光谱成像提取苹果糖度与硬度最佳波长[J].发光学报,2017,38(6):799-806.FENG D,JI J W,ZHANG L,et al..Optimal wavelengths extraction of apple brix and firmness based on hyperspectral imaging[J].Chinese Journal of Luminescence,2017,38(6):799-806.(in Chinese)
[13]YAO Y Z,LI W Q,WEN SH Q,et al..Red edge shift and its implication for buried ore prospecting A case study of Shujigou copper mine,Liaoning,P.R.China[J].Key Engineering Materials,2012,500:212-217.
[14]郝明,杨言辰,张国宾,等.辽宁树基沟铜锌矿床地球化学特征及成因[J].世界地质,2014,33(2):337-347.HAO M,YANG Y CH,ZHANG G B,et al..Geochemical characteristics and genesis of Shujigou Cu-Zn deposit,Liaoning[J].Global Geology,2014,33(2):337-347.(in Chinese)
[15]涂常青,温欣荣,张镜,等.硫化铜矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染及其生态危害评价[J].土壤通报,2013,44(4):987-992.TU CH Q,WEN X R,ZHANG J,et al..Evaluation of the heavy metals pollution and its ecological risks of the farmland soil around the cupric sulfide ore district[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2013,44(4):987-992.(in Chinese)
[16]朱叶青,屈永华,刘素红,等.重金属铜污染植被光谱响应特征研究[J].遥感学报,2014,18(2):335-352.ZHU Y Q,QU Y H,LIU S H,et al..Spectral response of wheat and lettuce to copper pollution[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,18(2):335-352.(in Chinese)
[17]杜立宇,梁成华,刘桂琴.红透山铜尾矿重金属分布及其对土壤重金属污染的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(4):938-941.DU L Y,LIANG CH H,LIU G Q.The distribution characteristics of heavy mteals in Cu mine tailing and effect of heavy metals on pollution of soils in the Areas of Hong Tou Mountians[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2008,39(4):938-941.(in Chinese)
[18]杨丽丽,姚玉增,贾晟哲,等.辽东树基沟铜锌矿矿区表层土壤重金属分布[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2018,37(1):17-22.YANG L L,YAO Y Z,JIA CH ZH,et al..Heavy metal distribution in the surface soil of Shujigou copper-zinc mining area eastern Liaoning[J].Journal of Shenyang Ligong University,2018,37(1):17-22.(in Chinese)
[19]唐鹏,刘光,徐俊锋.植物重金属胁迫的高光谱遥感研究进展[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,13(6):634-640.TANG P,LIU G,XU J F.The progress of hyperspectrum remote sensing under heavy metal stress in plants[J].Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Natural Science),2014,13(6):634-640.(in Chinese)
[20]邬登巍,吴昀昭,马宏瑞.植物污染胁迫遥感监测研究综述[J].遥感技术与应用,2009,24(2):238-245.WU D W,WU Y ZH,MA H R.Review on remote sensing monitoring on contaminated plant[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2009,24(2):238-245.(in Chinese)