Ti对热挤压态Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金微观组织及力学性能的影响
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摘要
采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和拉伸力学性能测试等方法研究了Ti元素对挤压态Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着Ti含量的增加,合金抗拉强度及屈服强度均逐渐提高,但伸长率下降。在挤压比为17,挤压温度为900℃时,添加0.02%(质量分数,下同)Ti促进γ相析出,显著细化再结晶晶粒。Ti含量达到0.3%时,少量针状Ni_3Ti相产生,减弱了γ相对再结晶晶粒长大的抑制作用。当Ti含量增至0.5%时,大量针状Ni_3Ti相析出又使得再结晶晶粒的细化效果增强,但粗大Ni_3Ti相严重恶化合金塑性。Ti含量为0.3%时,热挤压态合金综合力学性能最佳,抗拉强度为875MPa,屈服强度为713MPa,伸长率为24.1%。
The effect of different Ti contents on the microstructures and tensile mechanical properties of the hot-extruded Cu-15 Ni-8 Sn alloys was investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and tensile test.The results show that both ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increase significantly with the increase of Ti content,while elongation decreases.The addition of 0.02%(mass fraction,the same below)Ti facilitates the precipitation ofγ-(Cu,Ni)3 Sn phase,and thereby leads to a significant refinement of recrystallization grain.When the content of Ti increases to 0.3%,a small quantity of needle-like Ni_3 Ti phase is formed,which abates the effect ofγprecipitates on inhibition of recrystallized grains growth.With the addition of up to0.5% Ti,a larger amount of Ni_3 Ti precipitates are formed,which enhance the effect of recrystallized grain refinement;however,a few Ni_3 Ti precipitates become large and deteriorate the elongation of the alloy.In this study when 0.3%Ti is added,the mechanical properties of the alloy are preferable,where the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation are 875,713 MPa and 24.1%respectively.
The effect of different Ti contents on the microstructures and tensile mechanical properties of the hot-extruded Cu-15 Ni-8 Sn alloys was investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and tensile test.The results show that both ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increase significantly with the increase of Ti content,while elongation decreases.The addition of 0.02%(mass fraction,the same below)Ti facilitates the precipitation ofγ-(Cu,Ni)3 Sn phase,and thereby leads to a significant refinement of recrystallization grain.When the content of Ti increases to 0.3%,a small quantity of needle-like Ni_3 Ti phase is formed,which abates the effect ofγprecipitates on inhibition of recrystallized grains growth.With the addition of up to0.5% Ti,a larger amount of Ni_3 Ti precipitates are formed,which enhance the effect of recrystallized grain refinement;however,a few Ni_3 Ti precipitates become large and deteriorate the elongation of the alloy.In this study when 0.3%Ti is added,the mechanical properties of the alloy are preferable,where the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation are 875,713 MPa and 24.1%respectively.
引文
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[19]张坤,臧金鑫,陈军洲,等.新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金热变形组织演化[J].材料工程,2017,45(1):14-19.ZHANG K,ZANG J X,CHEN J Z,et al.Microstructure evolution of new Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy during hot deformation[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2017,45(1):14-19.
[20]郭磊,易丹青,臧冰,等.挤压比对AA8030铝合金棒材组织及电性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(8):2083-2090.GUO L,YI D Q,ZANG B,et al.Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and electrical properties of AA8030aluminum alloy rod[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(8):2083-2090.
[21]彭建,彭毅,韩韡,等.挤压温度对Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd镁合金组织和性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(3):23-27.PENG J,PENG Y,HAN W,et al.Effect of extruded temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(3):23-27.
[2]吴语,杨胜利.高弹性合金Cu-Ni-Sn的研究与发展[J].上海有色金属,2014,35(1):38-44.WU Y,YANG S L.Research and development prospect of highelastic Cu-Ni-Sn alloy[J].Shanghai Nonferrous Metals,2014,35(1):38-44.
[3]CRIBB W R,GRENSING F C.Spinodal copper alloy C72900-new high strength antifriction alloy system[J].Canada Metallurgical Quarterly,2011,50(3):232-239.
[4]CRIBB W R,RATKA J O.Copper spinodal alloys[J].Advanced Materials&Processes,2002,12:1-4.
[5]CRIBB W R.Copper Spinodal alloys for aerospace[J].Advanced Materials&Processes,2006,6:44.
[6]CRIBB W R,GEDEON M J,GRENSING F C.Performance advances in Copper-Nickel-Tin spinodal alloys[J].Advanced Materials&Processes,2013,9:20-25.
[7]MASAMICHI M,YOSHIKIYO O.Effect of Si addition on the cellular precipitation in a Cu-10Ni-8Sn alloy[J].Materials Transaction JIM,1990,31(11):968-974.
[8]MASAMICHI M,YOSHIKIYO O.Effects of doped elements on the celluar precipitation in Cu-10Ni-8Sn alloy[J].Materials Transaction JIM,1994,35(5):313-318.
[9]WANG Y H,WANG M P,HONG B,et al.Microstructure and properties of Cu-15Ni-8Sn-0.4Si alloy[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2003,13(5):1051-1055.
[10]宋练鹏,叶江,尹志民,等.高强耐磨Cu-Ni-Sn合金的研究[J].湖南有色金属,2001,17(4):29-31.SONG L P,YE J,YIN Z M,et al.On Cu-Ni-Sn alloy with highstrength and wearability[J].Hunan Nonferrous Metals,2001,17(4):29-31.
[11]JA’AFAR H A,DWARAKADASA E S.Modification of the spinodal hardening in a Cu-9wt%Ni-6wt%Sn alloy by 0.1wt%silicon or aluminium addition[J].Journal of Materials Science Letters,1983,2(5):233-235.
[12]王艳辉,汪明朴,洪斌.添加Si和Al的Cu-9Ni-2.5Sn合金的热处理工艺[J].金属热处理,2004,29(2):44-47.WANG Y H,WANG M P,HONG B.Heat treatment process of the Cu-9Ni-2.5Sn alloy added Si and Al[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2004,29(2):44-47.
[13]张美华,江伯鸿,徐祖耀.Cu-15Ni-8Sn合金Spinodal分解动力学及Nb的影响[J].材料科学进展,1991,5(2):106-112.ZHANG M H,JIANG B H,XU Z Y.Dynamics of spinodal decomposition in Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy and the effect of niobiun[J].Material Science Progress,1991,5(2):106-112.
[14]张少宗,江伯鸿,丁文江.铸造Cu-15Ni-8Sn-xTi合金的组织和硬度[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2006,26(10):669-671.ZHANG S Z,JIANG B H,DING W J.Microstructure and hardness of cast Cu-15Ni-8Sn-xTi alloys[J].Special Casting and Nonferrous Alloys,2006,26(10):669-671.
[15]罗宗强,刘宇轩,谭伟,等.挤压温度对热挤压Cu-17Ni-3Al-x合金耐磨性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2015,39(8):30-34.LUO Z Q,LIU Y X,TAN W,et al.Effect of extrusion temperature on wear resistance of hot-extruded Cu-17Ni-3Al-x alloy[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2015,39(8):30-34.
[16]黄元春,许天成,肖政兵,等.弥散相对3003铝合金再结晶晶粒尺寸的影响[J].材料工程,2018,46(6):65-72.HUANG Y C,XU T C,XIAO Z B,et al.Effect of dispersed precipitates on recrystallized grain size of 3003aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2018,46(6):65-72.
[17]陈贵清,傅高升,颜文煅,等.3003铝合金动态再结晶实验研究[J].材料工程,2011(8):77-81.CHEN G Q,FU G S,YAN W D,et al.Experimental research on dynamic recrystallization of 3003aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2011(8):77-81.
[18]余琨,李松瑞,黎文献,等.微量Sc和Zr对2618铝合金再结晶行为的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,1999,9(4):709-713.YU K,LI S R,LI W X,et al.Effect of trace Sc and Zr recrystallization on behavior of 2618alloy[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,1999,9(4):710-713.
[19]张坤,臧金鑫,陈军洲,等.新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金热变形组织演化[J].材料工程,2017,45(1):14-19.ZHANG K,ZANG J X,CHEN J Z,et al.Microstructure evolution of new Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy during hot deformation[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2017,45(1):14-19.
[20]郭磊,易丹青,臧冰,等.挤压比对AA8030铝合金棒材组织及电性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(8):2083-2090.GUO L,YI D Q,ZANG B,et al.Effect of extrusion ratio on microstructure and electrical properties of AA8030aluminum alloy rod[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(8):2083-2090.
[21]彭建,彭毅,韩韡,等.挤压温度对Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd镁合金组织和性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(3):23-27.PENG J,PENG Y,HAN W,et al.Effect of extruded temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-Mn-0.5Nd alloy[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2015,43(3):23-27.