等离子体源渗氮2Cr13马氏体不锈钢的耐磨与耐腐蚀性能
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摘要
对2Cr13马氏体不锈钢进行450℃×6h的等离子体源渗氮处理,对比研究了渗氮前后该钢表层的显微组织、物相组成以及耐磨和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:渗氮后不锈钢表层形成了厚约18μm,由αN、ε-Fe3N和γ′-Fe4N组成的化合物层,以及组织明显细化的氮扩散层,氮原子渗透深度达20μm;渗氮后不锈钢的表面硬度高达1 350HV,摩擦因数低于未渗氮处理的,磨损机制由未渗氮处理的黏着磨损转变为氧化磨损,耐磨性能明显高于未渗氮处理的;在质量分数3.5%NaCl溶液中,未渗氮不锈钢的阳极极化曲线仅呈现活化溶解特征,渗氮后则呈现活化溶解、自钝化和点蚀击穿特征,且自腐蚀电位提高至-104mV,耐腐蚀性能显著提高。
2 Cr13 martensitic stainless steel was treated by plasma source nitriding at 450℃for 6 h,and then the microstructure,phase composition,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the steel surface layer before and after nitriding were studied and compared.The results show that after nitriding,an about 18μm thick compound layer composed ofαN,ε-Fe3 N andγ′-Fe4 N and a nitrogen diffusion layer with obvious refined structure were formed on surface of the stainless steel.The nitrogen atom penetration depth reached 20μm.The surface hardness of the nitrided stainless steel was up to 1 350 HV and the friction factor was lower than that before nitriding.The wear mechanism changed from adhesive wear before nitriding to oxidative wear after nitriding.The wear resistance after nitriding was obviously higher than that before nitriding.In 3.5 wt% NaCl solution,the anodic polarization curve of the stainless steel before nitriding only showed a feature of activation dissolution while after nitriding showed features of activation dissolution,self-passivation and pitting breakdown.After nitriding,the free-corrosion potential increased to-104 mV and the corrosion resistance was improved significantly.
2 Cr13 martensitic stainless steel was treated by plasma source nitriding at 450℃for 6 h,and then the microstructure,phase composition,wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the steel surface layer before and after nitriding were studied and compared.The results show that after nitriding,an about 18μm thick compound layer composed ofαN,ε-Fe3 N andγ′-Fe4 N and a nitrogen diffusion layer with obvious refined structure were formed on surface of the stainless steel.The nitrogen atom penetration depth reached 20μm.The surface hardness of the nitrided stainless steel was up to 1 350 HV and the friction factor was lower than that before nitriding.The wear mechanism changed from adhesive wear before nitriding to oxidative wear after nitriding.The wear resistance after nitriding was obviously higher than that before nitriding.In 3.5 wt% NaCl solution,the anodic polarization curve of the stainless steel before nitriding only showed a feature of activation dissolution while after nitriding showed features of activation dissolution,self-passivation and pitting breakdown.After nitriding,the free-corrosion potential increased to-104 mV and the corrosion resistance was improved significantly.
引文
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[2]PINEDO C E,MONTEIRO W A.On the kinetics of plasma nitriding a martensitic stainless steel type AISI 420[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2004,179(2/3):119-123.
[3]WU K,LIU G Q,WANG L,et al.Research on new rapid and deep plasma nitriding techniques of AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel[J].Vacuum,2010,84(6):870-875.
[4]雷明凯,王克胜,欧伊翔,等.泵阀用2Cr13马氏体不锈钢等离子体基低能氮离子注入研究[J].金属学报,2011,47(12):1490-1494.
[5]李成涛,赵彦芬,方可伟,等.离子渗氮马氏体不锈钢的微观组织与腐蚀行为[J].材料热处理学报,2016,37(6):210-214.
[6]刘瑞良,韦朝阳,徐昂,等.AISI 431不锈钢表面“膨胀”α相层的制备和性能[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(4):165-172.
[7]李杨,何永勇,朱宜杰,等.2Cr13马氏体不锈钢活性屏离子渗氮技术[J].金属热处理,2017,42(5):163-167.
[8]LI G Y,WANG Z Y,LEI M K.Transition of wear mechanisms of plasma source nitrided AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel against ceramic counterface[J].Journal of Tribology,2012,134(1):011601.
[9]李广宇,雷明凯.等离子体源渗氮304L奥氏体不锈钢改性层的耐蚀性能[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(1):152-158.
[10]CORENGIA P,YBARRA G,MOINA C,et al.Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of DC-pulsed plasma nitrided AISI 410martensitic stainless steel[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2004,187(1):63-69.
[11]XI Y T,LIU D X,HAN D.Improvement of corrosion and wear resistances of AISI 420martensitic stainless steel using plasma nitriding at low temperature[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2008,202(12):2577-2583.
[12]刘瑞良,徐昂,徐宏涛,等.AISI 420不锈钢表面低温渗氮层组织结构和耐蚀性能[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(5):140-146.