稀土肥料对烤烟生长过程中根系发育的影响
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摘要
为研究稀土肥料的施用对烤烟根系生长发育的影响,促进烤烟精益生产的进一步实现,设置不同浓度梯度的稀土肥料施用试验,并对生长发育过程中烤烟根系的根系活力、总吸收表面积、根干物质量与根体积以及SOD,POD,CAT和PPO等4种氧化酶的活性进行了研究。结果表明,稀土肥料对根系活力、总吸收表面积、根干物质量与根体积有较大促进作用,且当稀土肥料的使用量达到30~45 kg/hm~2时,烤烟的根系活力最高;当稀土肥料的使用量为15 kg/hm~2时,烤烟根系的总吸收表面积、根干物质量与根体积在相同时期最大。稀土肥料对SOD酶活性的影响大小表现为CK>T1>T3>T2,对POD酶活性的影响大小表现为CK>T3>T2>T1,对CAT酶活性的影响大小表现为CK>T1>T2>T3,而对PPO的酶活性的影响大小表现为CK>T1>T2,T3。稀土肥料除对烟根系的根系活力、总吸收表面积、根干物质量以及根体积之间有较大影响外,4项根系指标对不同的氧化酶也有较大程度的影响。施用稀土肥料对根系的发育有较大的促进作用,且能抑制氧化酶的活性,使得根系在相同生育期能够保持较大的吸收能力,保持较高的生命动力。
To study the influence of rare earth fertilizer on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco roots,promote the further implementation of lean production of flue-cured tobacco,fertilizer test method of rare earth different concentration gradient,and the root activity,in the process of tobacco root growth and development of the total absorbing surface area and root dry quality and root volume and SOD,POD,CAT and PPO 4 oxidase activity were studied,respectively.The results showed that rare earth fertilizer on root activity,total root surface area,root dry quality and root volume had a greater role in promoting,and when the fertilizer use amount reached 30~45 kg/hm~2,the root activity of flue-cured tobacco was the highest.When the fertilizer use amount was 15 kg/hm~2,flue-cured tobacco root total absorbing surface area,root dry quality and root volume in the same period reached the maximum.The effect of rare earth fertilizer on SOD enzyme activity was CK>T1>T3>T2,the effect on POD enzyme activity was CK>T3>T2>T1,the effect on CAT enzyme activity was CK>T1>T2>T3,and the effect on PPO enzyme activity was CK>T1>T2 and T3.Rare earth fertilizer had great influence on the root activity,total absorption surface area,root dry quality and root volume of tobacco root,the 4 indexes had great influence on different oxidases.The application of rare earth fertilizer promoted the development of root system,and inhibited the activity of oxidase.The root system maintained high absorption ability at the same growth stage,and maintained high life power.
To study the influence of rare earth fertilizer on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco roots,promote the further implementation of lean production of flue-cured tobacco,fertilizer test method of rare earth different concentration gradient,and the root activity,in the process of tobacco root growth and development of the total absorbing surface area and root dry quality and root volume and SOD,POD,CAT and PPO 4 oxidase activity were studied,respectively.The results showed that rare earth fertilizer on root activity,total root surface area,root dry quality and root volume had a greater role in promoting,and when the fertilizer use amount reached 30~45 kg/hm~2,the root activity of flue-cured tobacco was the highest.When the fertilizer use amount was 15 kg/hm~2,flue-cured tobacco root total absorbing surface area,root dry quality and root volume in the same period reached the maximum.The effect of rare earth fertilizer on SOD enzyme activity was CK>T1>T3>T2,the effect on POD enzyme activity was CK>T3>T2>T1,the effect on CAT enzyme activity was CK>T1>T2>T3,and the effect on PPO enzyme activity was CK>T1>T2 and T3.Rare earth fertilizer had great influence on the root activity,total absorption surface area,root dry quality and root volume of tobacco root,the 4 indexes had great influence on different oxidases.The application of rare earth fertilizer promoted the development of root system,and inhibited the activity of oxidase.The root system maintained high absorption ability at the same growth stage,and maintained high life power.
引文
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[14]高华军,黄瑾,林北森,等.稀土元素肥料对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(5):77-79.
[15]王晓玲,赵吉,包青海,等.天然草原施用稀土微肥的土壤生物活性效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(4):402-407.
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[18]湛方栋,陆引罡,关国经,等.烤烟根际微生物群落结构及其动态变化的研究[J].土壤学报,2005,42(3):488-494.
[19]刘卫群,姜占省,郭红祥,等.芝麻饼肥用量对烤烟根际土壤生物活性的影响[J].烟草科技,2003(6):31-34.
[20]苏国栋,欧阳锋声.微肥稀土对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自科科学版),1991,17(Z):337-341.
[21]万强,罗连光,彭先球,等.高浓度多元稀土强力复合肥的研制及效果试验初报[J].湖南农业科学,2000(4):23-24.
[22]肖汉乾,李德清,徐双红,等.不同生物活性肥对烤烟生长影响的初步研究[J].中国烟草科学,2003,24(1):28-30.
[23]张美萍,陕永杰,江玉珍,等.稀土微肥对盐胁迫下黄豆幼苗抗氧化酶的影响[J].稀土,2009,30(3):53-56.
[24]时向东,耿伟,李钠钾,等.不同覆盖方式下烤烟根际土壤养分含量与酶活性的动态变化[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(5):50-54.
[25]刘卫群,姜占省,郭红祥,等.黄褐土、潮土中不同氮素形态配比对烤烟根际土壤微生物数量的影响[J].土壤通报,2004,35(1):43-47.
[26]祝明亮,夏振远,张克勤,等.淡紫拟青霉在烤烟根际定殖能力分析[J].中国烟草学报,2004,10(1):25-28.
[2]夏瑞雪,魏帅,郭波莉,等.豫北地区小麦籽粒矿质元素含量分析[J].核农学报,2017,31(3):516-523.
[3]陈建生,李文金,张利民,等.花生施用稀土微肥与土壤调理剂效应分析[J].花生学报,2014(2):47-49.
[4]刘彦江,胡汉民,罗军平,等.紫花苜蓿应用根瘤菌剂和稀土肥料效果试验[J].草业科学,2005,22(7):27-28.
[5]何友昭,汪建飞.稀土微肥对辣椒植株生理指标及产量的影响[J].稀土,1998(2):36-40.
[6]唐加红,刘丹,杨玉兰,等.稀土微肥和NO对干旱胁迫下小麦光合生理的影响[J].稀土,2012,33(3):21-25.
[7]张菊平,王少先,蒋燕,等.稀土微肥若尔斯对大白菜生长发育和品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2004(8):68-69.
[8]王立军,梁涛,章申,等.外施稀土在农田生态系中的生物地球化学循环与残留[J].中国稀土学报,2004,22(5):676-681.
[9]杨先科,李敏,武艺.稀土对烤烟增产与品质改善的作用机理研究[J].环保科技,2005,11(3):33-35.
[10]刘贞琦,王伯毅.微肥稀土对烤烟影响的研究[J].中国烟草科学,1992(2):20-25.
[11]刘利杉,黄楚瑜,黄运湘,等.稀土微肥对烟草镉胁迫的缓解效应[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(6):113-118.
[12]高华军,黄瑾,钟二昌,等.稀土元素肥料对烤烟致香物质含量和评吸质量的影响[J].烟草科技,2011,47(12):36-42.
[13]李勇,黄小芳,丁万隆.根系分泌物及其对植物根际土壤微生态环境的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(Z1):182-186.
[14]高华军,黄瑾,林北森,等.稀土元素肥料对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(5):77-79.
[15]王晓玲,赵吉,包青海,等.天然草原施用稀土微肥的土壤生物活性效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(4):402-407.
[16]曾群望.稀土元素在烤烟及其生态环境中的行为[J].中国烟草科学,1995(3):21-24.
[17]古战朝,习向银,刘红杰,等.连作对烤烟根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的动态影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2011,45(5):508-513.
[18]湛方栋,陆引罡,关国经,等.烤烟根际微生物群落结构及其动态变化的研究[J].土壤学报,2005,42(3):488-494.
[19]刘卫群,姜占省,郭红祥,等.芝麻饼肥用量对烤烟根际土壤生物活性的影响[J].烟草科技,2003(6):31-34.
[20]苏国栋,欧阳锋声.微肥稀土对烤烟产量及品质的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自科科学版),1991,17(Z):337-341.
[21]万强,罗连光,彭先球,等.高浓度多元稀土强力复合肥的研制及效果试验初报[J].湖南农业科学,2000(4):23-24.
[22]肖汉乾,李德清,徐双红,等.不同生物活性肥对烤烟生长影响的初步研究[J].中国烟草科学,2003,24(1):28-30.
[23]张美萍,陕永杰,江玉珍,等.稀土微肥对盐胁迫下黄豆幼苗抗氧化酶的影响[J].稀土,2009,30(3):53-56.
[24]时向东,耿伟,李钠钾,等.不同覆盖方式下烤烟根际土壤养分含量与酶活性的动态变化[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(5):50-54.
[25]刘卫群,姜占省,郭红祥,等.黄褐土、潮土中不同氮素形态配比对烤烟根际土壤微生物数量的影响[J].土壤通报,2004,35(1):43-47.
[26]祝明亮,夏振远,张克勤,等.淡紫拟青霉在烤烟根际定殖能力分析[J].中国烟草学报,2004,10(1):25-28.