并联型多端混合高压直流线路故障区域判别方法
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摘要
对于并联型多端混合高压直流输电系统,直流线路故障区域的判别对于最小限度地隔离故障从而提高直流系统的可用度具有重要意义。为此,针对并联型多端混合高压直流输电系统中换流站并联接入这一特有结构,分析了其对故障暂态行波的影响。研究表明,并联接入的换流器对中低频段的故障行波有大幅削减。因此,利用小波变换对暂态电流进行分析,提出了基于T区两侧暂态电流能量差的故障方向判别原理,进而利用各换流站故障方向信息确定故障区域。最后,建立了四端混合高压直流输电系统的PSCAD/EMTDC仿真模型,验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。
For the parallel multi-terminal hybrid HVDC transmission system,the discrimination of DC line fault area is of great significance to minimize the isolation of fault and improve the availability of DC system.In view of the unique structure of parallel connection of converter stations in the parallel multi-terminal HVDC transmission systems,the influence on transient traveling waves is analyzed.The research shows that the parallel connection converter has greatly reduced the fault traveling wave in the middle and low frequency band.Therefore,the wavelet transform is used to analyze the transient current,and the fault direction discrimination principle based on the energy difference of transient current on both sides of the T zone is proposed,and the fault area is determined by the fault direction information of each converter station.Finally,the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model of four-terminal hybrid HVDC transmission system is established to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
For the parallel multi-terminal hybrid HVDC transmission system,the discrimination of DC line fault area is of great significance to minimize the isolation of fault and improve the availability of DC system.In view of the unique structure of parallel connection of converter stations in the parallel multi-terminal HVDC transmission systems,the influence on transient traveling waves is analyzed.The research shows that the parallel connection converter has greatly reduced the fault traveling wave in the middle and low frequency band.Therefore,the wavelet transform is used to analyze the transient current,and the fault direction discrimination principle based on the energy difference of transient current on both sides of the T zone is proposed,and the fault area is determined by the fault direction information of each converter station.Finally,the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model of four-terminal hybrid HVDC transmission system is established to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
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[13]周家培,赵成勇,李承昱,等.基于直流电抗器电压的多端柔性直流电网边界保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.ZHOU Jiapei, ZHAO Chengyong, LI Chengyu, et al.Boundary protection scheme for multi-terminal flexible DC grid based on voltage of DC reactor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(19):89-94. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.
[14]何佳伟,李斌,李晔,等.多端柔性直流电网快速方向纵联保护方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6878-6887.HE Jiawei,LI Bin,LI Ye,et al.A fast directional pilot protection scheme for the MMC-based MTDC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6878-6887.
[15]周煜智,徐政,唐庚.三种MMC-HVDC直流故障处理方法下电力系统暂态稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1621-1627.ZHOU Yuzhi,XU Zheng,TANG Geng.Analysis of power system transient stability characteristics under three different DC line fault clearance solutions of MMC-HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1621-1627.
[16]王俊生,傅闯,胡铭,等.并联型多端直流输电系统保护相关问题探讨[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4923-4931.WANG Junsheng,FU Chuang,HU Ming,et al.Discussion on the protection in parallel-type multi-terminal HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4923-4931.
[17]LI Rui,XU Lie,YAO Liangzhong.DC fault detection and location in meshed multiterminal HVDC systems based on DC reactor voltage change rate[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1516-1526.
[18]SNEATH J, RAJAPAKSE A D.Fault detection and interruption in an earthed HVDC grid using ROCOV and hybrid DC breakers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(3):973-981.
[19]张明,和敬涵,罗国敏,等.基于本地信息的多端柔性直流电网故障定位方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(3):1-6.ZHANG Ming, HE Jinghan,LUO Guomin,et al.Local information-based fault location method for multi-terminal flexible DC grid[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(3):1-6.
[20]孙刚,时伯年,赵宇明,等.基于MMC的柔性直流配电网故障定位及保护配置研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):127-133.SUN Gang,SHI Bonian,ZHAO Yuming,et al.Research on the fault location method and protection configuration strategy of MMC based DC distribution grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):127-133.
[21]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5051-5062.XU Zheng, XUE Yinglin,ZHANG Zheren.VSC-HVDC technology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmission[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5051-5062.
[22]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,31(1):1-7.
[23]罗永捷,李耀华,李子欣,等.全桥型MMC-HVDC直流短路故障穿越控制保护策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1933-1943.LUO Yongjie,LI Yaohua,LI Zixin,et al.DC short-circuit fault ride-through control strategy of full-bridge MMC-HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(7):1933-1943.
[24]LETERME W,HERTEM D V.Reduced modular multilevel converter model to evaluate fault transients in DC grids[C]//IET International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection,March 31-April 3,2014,Copenhagen,Denmark:12-25.
[25]覃剑,陈祥训,郑健超.行波在输电线上传播的色散研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):27-30.QIN Jian,CHEN Xiangxun,ZHENG Jianchao.Study on dispersion of travelling wave in transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(9):27-30.
[2]黄伟煌,饶宏,黄莹,等.一种基于常规直流输电系统的混合直流改造方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(10):2861-2868.HUANG Weihuang,RAO Hong,HUANG Ying,et al.A novel refurbishment scheme for reforming the existing LCCHVDC to hybrid HVDC[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(10):2861-2868.
[3]许烽,宣晓华,江道灼,等.常规直流输电系统改造用的混合直流输电技术[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3209-3216.XU Feng,XUAN Xiaohua,JIANG Daozhuo,et al.Study on hybrid HVDC transmission technology used for the upgrading of conventional HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3209-3216.
[4]姚良忠,吴婧,王志冰,等.未来高压直流电网发展形态分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(34):6007-6020.YAO Liangzhong,WU Jing,WANG Zhibing,et al.Pattern analysis of future HVDC grid development[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(34):6007-6020.
[5]徐政,胡永瑞,傅闯.并联型多端直流输电系统的控制策略与故障特征[J].高电压技术,2013,39(11):2721-2729.XU Zheng,HU Yongrui,FU Chuang.Control strategy and fault characteristics of parallel MTDC transmission systems[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(11):2721-2729.
[6]雷霄,王华伟,曾南超,等.并联型多端高压直流输电系统的控制与保护策略及仿真[J].电网技术,2012,36(2):244-249.LEI Xiao,WANG Huawei,ZENG Nanchao,et al.Control and protection strategies for parallel multi-terminal HVDC power transmission system and their simulation[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(2):244-249.
[7]饶宏,洪潮,周保荣,等.乌东德特高压多端直流工程受端采用柔性直流对多直流集中馈入问题的改善作用研究[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(3):1-5.RAO Hong,HONG Chao,ZHOU Baorong,et al.Study on improvement of VSC-HVDC at inverter side of Wudongde multiterminal UHVDC for the problem of centralized multi-infeed HVDC[J].Southern Power System Technology,2017,11(3):1-5.
[8]宋国兵,高淑萍,蔡新雷,等.高压直流输电线路继电保护技术综述[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(22):123-129.SONG Guobing,GAO Shuping,CAI Xinlei,et al.Survey of relay protection technology for HVDC transmission lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2012, 36(22):123-129.
[9]董新洲,汤兰西,施慎行,等.柔性直流输电网线路保护配置方案[J].电网技术,2018,42(6):1752-1759.DONG Xinzhou, TANG Lanxi, SHI Shenxing, et al.Configuration scheme of transmission line protection for flexible HVDC grid[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(6):1752-1759.
[10]王艳婷,张保会,范新凯.柔性直流电网架空线路快速保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):13-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160612007.WANG Yanting, ZHANG Baohui, FAN Xinkai. Fast protection scheme for overhead transmission lines of VSCbased HVDC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):13-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160612007.
[11]LIU J,TAI N,FAN C.Transient-voltage based protection scheme for DC line faults in multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1483-1494.
[12]TZELEPIS D,DYSKO A,FUSIEK G,et al.Single-ended differential protection in MTDC networks using optical sensors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1605-1615.
[13]周家培,赵成勇,李承昱,等.基于直流电抗器电压的多端柔性直流电网边界保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(19):89-94.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.ZHOU Jiapei, ZHAO Chengyong, LI Chengyu, et al.Boundary protection scheme for multi-terminal flexible DC grid based on voltage of DC reactor[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(19):89-94. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170331005.
[14]何佳伟,李斌,李晔,等.多端柔性直流电网快速方向纵联保护方案[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6878-6887.HE Jiawei,LI Bin,LI Ye,et al.A fast directional pilot protection scheme for the MMC-based MTDC grid[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6878-6887.
[15]周煜智,徐政,唐庚.三种MMC-HVDC直流故障处理方法下电力系统暂态稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1621-1627.ZHOU Yuzhi,XU Zheng,TANG Geng.Analysis of power system transient stability characteristics under three different DC line fault clearance solutions of MMC-HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1621-1627.
[16]王俊生,傅闯,胡铭,等.并联型多端直流输电系统保护相关问题探讨[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4923-4931.WANG Junsheng,FU Chuang,HU Ming,et al.Discussion on the protection in parallel-type multi-terminal HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4923-4931.
[17]LI Rui,XU Lie,YAO Liangzhong.DC fault detection and location in meshed multiterminal HVDC systems based on DC reactor voltage change rate[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1516-1526.
[18]SNEATH J, RAJAPAKSE A D.Fault detection and interruption in an earthed HVDC grid using ROCOV and hybrid DC breakers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(3):973-981.
[19]张明,和敬涵,罗国敏,等.基于本地信息的多端柔性直流电网故障定位方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(3):1-6.ZHANG Ming, HE Jinghan,LUO Guomin,et al.Local information-based fault location method for multi-terminal flexible DC grid[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(3):1-6.
[20]孙刚,时伯年,赵宇明,等.基于MMC的柔性直流配电网故障定位及保护配置研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):127-133.SUN Gang,SHI Bonian,ZHAO Yuming,et al.Research on the fault location method and protection configuration strategy of MMC based DC distribution grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):127-133.
[21]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):5051-5062.XU Zheng, XUE Yinglin,ZHANG Zheren.VSC-HVDC technology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmission[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(29):5051-5062.
[22]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,31(1):1-7.
[23]罗永捷,李耀华,李子欣,等.全桥型MMC-HVDC直流短路故障穿越控制保护策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(7):1933-1943.LUO Yongjie,LI Yaohua,LI Zixin,et al.DC short-circuit fault ride-through control strategy of full-bridge MMC-HVDC systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(7):1933-1943.
[24]LETERME W,HERTEM D V.Reduced modular multilevel converter model to evaluate fault transients in DC grids[C]//IET International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection,March 31-April 3,2014,Copenhagen,Denmark:12-25.
[25]覃剑,陈祥训,郑健超.行波在输电线上传播的色散研究[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(9):27-30.QIN Jian,CHEN Xiangxun,ZHENG Jianchao.Study on dispersion of travelling wave in transmission line[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(9):27-30.