利用同步挤压小波变换的高压交直流混联系统交流线路暂态方向保护
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摘要
大型交直流电网混联深度不断增大而呈现出的复杂故障特性,对故障识别与清除的快速性提出了更高要求。依据混联系统交流侧线路的故障暂态特征,该文提出一种暂态方向保护方法,比较正、反向电流暂态分量中的高频能量构成故障方向识别的判据。其中电流暂态分量的提取及其高频能量的表征经由新颖的同步挤压小波变换完成。在实际交直流混联系统参数建立的EMTDC仿真模型上进行大量测试,并且与传统连续小波变换相比较,结果显示所提暂态方向保护在不同故障初始相位角、故障类型、故障距离、故障过渡电阻以及不同线路长度下是可靠的,且灵敏度高,时间窗短,动作超高速。
The increasing hybrid junction depth of the large AC/DC system brings about the complex fault characteristics,which puts forward higher requirements for the rapidity of fault identification and clearing in protection. This paper proposed a transient-based directional protection scheme under the AC lines characteristics in the hybrid system. By comparing the high frequency energy of transient current component between the forward and backward, the criterion for identifying the fault direction was realized. Synchrosqueezing wavelet transform was used to extract the transient current component and represent the high frequency energy. Extensive simulations based on EMTDC tested the proposed protection scheme.Compared with the continuous wavelet transform, the proposed algorithm is more reliable, more sensitive and ultra-high speed,in different initial phase angles of faults, fault types, fault distances, fault transition resistances and different line lengths.
The increasing hybrid junction depth of the large AC/DC system brings about the complex fault characteristics,which puts forward higher requirements for the rapidity of fault identification and clearing in protection. This paper proposed a transient-based directional protection scheme under the AC lines characteristics in the hybrid system. By comparing the high frequency energy of transient current component between the forward and backward, the criterion for identifying the fault direction was realized. Synchrosqueezing wavelet transform was used to extract the transient current component and represent the high frequency energy. Extensive simulations based on EMTDC tested the proposed protection scheme.Compared with the continuous wavelet transform, the proposed algorithm is more reliable, more sensitive and ultra-high speed,in different initial phase angles of faults, fault types, fault distances, fault transition resistances and different line lengths.
引文
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[12]Wang D,Gao H L,Luo S B,et al.Travelling wave pilot protection for LCC-HVDC transmission lines based on electronic transformers’differential output characteristic[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2017,93:283-290.
[13]Namdari F,Salehi M.High-speed protection scheme based on initial current traveling wave for transmission lines employing mathematical morphology[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(1):246-253.
[14]李小鹏,杨健维,何正友,等.一种新型电流极性比较式方向元件[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(6):1399-1405.Li Xiaopeng,Yang Jianxiong,He Zhengyou,et al.A novel directional element based on current polarity comparison[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(6):1399-1405(in Chinese).
[15]Tang L,Dong X,Luo S,et al.A new differential protection of transmission line based on equivalent travelling wave[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1359-1369.
[16]段建东,匡军,周琴,等.基于改进递归复小波变换的输电线路边界保护元件算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(19):69-75.Duan Jiandong,Kuang Jun,Zhou Qin,et al.Algorithm of transmission line boundary protection unit on the basis of improved recursive complex wavelet transform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(19):69-75(in Chinese).
[17]段建东,张保会,任晋峰,等.超高压输电线路单端暂态量保护元件的频率特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):37-43.Duan Jiandong,Zhang Baohui,Ren Jinfeng,et al.Singleended transient-based protection for EHV transmission lines basic theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):37-43(in Chinese).
[18]何正友.小波分析在电力系统暂态信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2011:131-146.He Zhengyou.Wavelet analysis applied to transient signal processing in power system[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2011:131-146(in Chinese).
[19]Daubechies I,Lu J,Wu H T.Synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms:An empirical mode decomposition-like tool[J].Applied&Computational Harmonic Analysis,2011,30(2):243-261.
[20]Gary W.Chang,Y-Ying Chen,Yu-Luh Lin.Asynchrosqueezing transform-based hybrid method for voltage fluctuations assessment[J].IEEE Power&Energy Society,2018,33(5):2541-2550.
[21]雷园园,赵现平.±800k V云广直流输电工程平波电抗器参数选择和布置方案[J].高压电器,2012,48(6):75-79.Lei Yuanyuan,Zhao Xianping.Parameters selection and arrangement of smoothing reactors for±800k V YunnanGuangzhou UHVDC transmission project[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(6):75-79(in Chinese).
[22]Zou G B,Gao H L.Fast pilot protection method based on waveform integral of traveling wave[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2013,50(50):1-8.
[23]Man W,Wang J,Kang Q.Harmonic and inter-harmonic detection based on synchrosqueezed wavelet transform[C]//Information Technology,Networking,Electronic and Automation Control Conference.Chongqing,China:IEEE,2016:428-432.
[2]蔡泽祥,李佳曼,余超耘,等.直流扰动对交流继电保护动态行为的影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(10):3246-3252.Cai Zexiang,Li Jiaman,Yu Chaoyun,et al.Impact of DCdisturbances on AC protective relaying dynamic behavior[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(10):3246-3252(in Chinese).
[3]葛耀中.新型继电保护与故障测距原理与技术2版[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007:181-211.Ge Yaozhong.The principle and technology of new relay protection and fault location(2ed Ed)[M].2nd Edition Xi’an:Xi’an Jiao Tong University press,2007:181-211(in Chinese).
[4]Ashtiani H J,Samet H,Ghanbari T.Simple current-based algorithm for directional relays[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(17):4227-4237.
[5]陈仕龙,曹蕊蕊,毕贵红,等.基于形态学的特高压直流输电线路单端电流方向暂态保护[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(1):67-72.Chen Shilong,Cao Ruirui,Bi Guihong,et al.Single-end current direction transient protection based on morphology for UHVDC transmission line[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(1):67-72(in Chinese).
[6]Zhao P,Chen Q,Sun K.A novel protection method for VSC-MTDC cable based on the transient DC current using the S transform[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2018,97:299-308.
[7]宁连营,邰能灵,郑晓冬,等.基于单端暂态电流的MMC-HVDC输电线路保护方案研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(17):5010-5017.Ning Lianying,Tai Nengling,Zheng Xiaodong,et al.Research on MMC-HVDC transmission line protection scheme based on one terminal transient current[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(17):5010-5017(in Chinese).
[8]Kong Y,Zhang B,Hao Z.Study of ultra-high-speed protection of transmission lines using a directional comparison scheme of transient energy[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(3):1317-1322.
[9]Guo Z,Yao J,Tan Z.Hilbert-Huang transform-based transient busbar protection algorithm[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(14):2032-2039.
[10]郭振威,姚建刚,康童,等.一种输电线路超高速方向保护方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(22):168-177.Guo Zhenwei,Yao Jiangang,Kang Tong,et al.A method for directional ultra-high-speed protection of transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(22):168-177(in Chinese).
[11]Song Guobing,Gao Shuping,Shen Quanyu,et al.A new whole-line quick-action protection principle for HVDCtransmission lines using one-end current[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(2):599-607.
[12]Wang D,Gao H L,Luo S B,et al.Travelling wave pilot protection for LCC-HVDC transmission lines based on electronic transformers’differential output characteristic[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2017,93:283-290.
[13]Namdari F,Salehi M.High-speed protection scheme based on initial current traveling wave for transmission lines employing mathematical morphology[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(1):246-253.
[14]李小鹏,杨健维,何正友,等.一种新型电流极性比较式方向元件[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(6):1399-1405.Li Xiaopeng,Yang Jianxiong,He Zhengyou,et al.A novel directional element based on current polarity comparison[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(6):1399-1405(in Chinese).
[15]Tang L,Dong X,Luo S,et al.A new differential protection of transmission line based on equivalent travelling wave[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1359-1369.
[16]段建东,匡军,周琴,等.基于改进递归复小波变换的输电线路边界保护元件算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(19):69-75.Duan Jiandong,Kuang Jun,Zhou Qin,et al.Algorithm of transmission line boundary protection unit on the basis of improved recursive complex wavelet transform[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(19):69-75(in Chinese).
[17]段建东,张保会,任晋峰,等.超高压输电线路单端暂态量保护元件的频率特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(1):37-43.Duan Jiandong,Zhang Baohui,Ren Jinfeng,et al.Singleended transient-based protection for EHV transmission lines basic theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(1):37-43(in Chinese).
[18]何正友.小波分析在电力系统暂态信号处理中的应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2011:131-146.He Zhengyou.Wavelet analysis applied to transient signal processing in power system[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2011:131-146(in Chinese).
[19]Daubechies I,Lu J,Wu H T.Synchrosqueezed wavelet transforms:An empirical mode decomposition-like tool[J].Applied&Computational Harmonic Analysis,2011,30(2):243-261.
[20]Gary W.Chang,Y-Ying Chen,Yu-Luh Lin.Asynchrosqueezing transform-based hybrid method for voltage fluctuations assessment[J].IEEE Power&Energy Society,2018,33(5):2541-2550.
[21]雷园园,赵现平.±800k V云广直流输电工程平波电抗器参数选择和布置方案[J].高压电器,2012,48(6):75-79.Lei Yuanyuan,Zhao Xianping.Parameters selection and arrangement of smoothing reactors for±800k V YunnanGuangzhou UHVDC transmission project[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(6):75-79(in Chinese).
[22]Zou G B,Gao H L.Fast pilot protection method based on waveform integral of traveling wave[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2013,50(50):1-8.
[23]Man W,Wang J,Kang Q.Harmonic and inter-harmonic detection based on synchrosqueezed wavelet transform[C]//Information Technology,Networking,Electronic and Automation Control Conference.Chongqing,China:IEEE,2016:428-432.