罗子沟盆地有机质热演化对砂岩物性的改造作用
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摘要
基于岩石薄片观察、压汞分析、扫描电镜和X衍射分析等方法对罗子沟盆地大砬子组砂岩物性特征进行了定性-定量研究。结果表明:罗子沟盆地大砬子组砂岩成分成熟度和结构成熟度低,以岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩为主;岩石孔隙度高,孔隙度主要为16.2%~26.4%,次生孔隙占总孔隙度面孔率的88%,但总体渗透率极低,渗透率主要分布在(0.13~1.68)×10-3μm2,为高孔特低渗的物性特征。有机元素分析、色谱分析、岩石热解及显微组分镜检分析表明,罗子沟盆地大砬子组泥页岩中有机质在热演化过程中产生大量有机酸,有机酸对砂岩中长石等矿物的溶蚀作用是次生孔隙发育的主要原因,但有机酸溶蚀产生的次生矿物在一定程度上堵塞了孔隙喉道。因此,研究区砂岩形成高孔特低渗的物性特征。
Physical characteristics of sandstone in Luozigou basin were studied qualitatively and quantitatively with thin sections,mercury intrusion,SEM,X-ray diffractions and some other methods. Results show that the main lithological types of Dalazi Formation are lithic arkose and arkose with low compositional maturity and low textural maturity.The physical characteristics of sandstone were characterized by high porosity(16.2%to 26.4%)and very low permeability(0.13×10-3 μm2 to 1.68× 10-3 μm2),and the porosity type was mainly secondary pores which accounst for 88% of the whole porosity.Result of organic element analysis,chromatography,maceral microscopy and rock pyrolysisshowed that large amounts of organic acids generated during the thermal evolution of mudstone and shale in Luozigou basin and dissolute feldspar in sandstone,which lead to high secondary porosity.While,at the same time,associated products of the dissolution blocked the throat to some extent.These two processes make the sandstones show high porosity and low permeability.
Physical characteristics of sandstone in Luozigou basin were studied qualitatively and quantitatively with thin sections,mercury intrusion,SEM,X-ray diffractions and some other methods. Results show that the main lithological types of Dalazi Formation are lithic arkose and arkose with low compositional maturity and low textural maturity.The physical characteristics of sandstone were characterized by high porosity(16.2%to 26.4%)and very low permeability(0.13×10-3 μm2 to 1.68× 10-3 μm2),and the porosity type was mainly secondary pores which accounst for 88% of the whole porosity.Result of organic element analysis,chromatography,maceral microscopy and rock pyrolysisshowed that large amounts of organic acids generated during the thermal evolution of mudstone and shale in Luozigou basin and dissolute feldspar in sandstone,which lead to high secondary porosity.While,at the same time,associated products of the dissolution blocked the throat to some extent.These two processes make the sandstones show high porosity and low permeability.
引文
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[19]袁静,张善文,乔俊,等.东营凹陷深层溶蚀孔隙的多重介质成因机理和动力机制[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):840-846.Yuan Jing,Zhang Shanwen,Qiao Jun,et al.Cause of Formation and Dynamic Mechanisms in Multiply Medium of Dissolved Pores in Deep Dormation of Dongying Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):840-846.
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[21]李汶国.各类干酪根不同成熟阶段生油气量的探讨[J].石油与天然气地质地质,1981,2(3):199-211.Li Wenguo.A Preliminary Study of Hydrocarbon Production from Various Types of Kerogen at Different Mature Stages[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1981,2(3):199-211.
[22]徐伟民.石油地球化学在油气勘探中的应用[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993.Xu Weimin.Petroleum Geochemistry in Oil and Gas Exploration[M].Beijing:University of Petroleum Press,1993.
[23]孙平昌,刘招君,李宝毅,等.桦甸盆地桦甸组油页岩段地球化学特征及地质意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(4):948-960.Sun Pingchang,Liu Zhaojun,Li Baoyi,et al.New Geochemical Characteristics and Their Geological Implications of Oil Shale Member of Huadian Formation,Huadian Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(4):948-960.
[24]李汶国,张晓鹏,钟玉梅.长石砂岩次生溶孔的形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):220-229.Li Wenguo,Zhang Xiaopeng,Zhong Yumei.Formation Mechanism of Secondary Dissolved Pores in Arcose[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2005,26(2):220-229.
[25]陈冬霞,庞雄奇,邱楠生,等.砂岩透镜体成藏机制[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(4):483-488.Chen Dongxia,Pang Xiongqi,Qiu Nansheng,et al.Accumulation and Filling Mechanism of Lenticular Sandbody Reservoirs[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(4):483-488.
[26]柳蓉,刘招君,杜江峰,等.依兰盆地始新统达连河组油页岩成因新认识[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(4):941-947.Liu Rong,Liu Zhaojun,Du Jiangfeng,et al.New Research on Oil Shale Origin of Eocene Dalianhe Formation in Yilan Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(4):941-947.
[2]Surdam R C,Boese S W,Crossey L J.The Chemistry of Secondary Porosity[J].AAPG Memoir,1984,37:127-149.
[3]Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.OrganicInorganic and Sandstone Diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73:1-23.
[4]朱抱荃,程中第,应凤祥.地层干酪根有机酸与储层次生孔隙的关系[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(2):206-215.Zhu Baoquan,Cheng Zhongdi,Ying Fengxiang.Relation of Organic Acid Generated by Kerogen to Secondary Porosity of Reservoir[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,1996,18(2):206-215.
[5]陈传平,梅博文,易绍金,等.地层水中低分子量有机酸成因分析[J].石油学报,1995,16(4):48-54.Chen Chuanping,Mei Bowen,Yi Shaojin,et al.An Analysis for Origins of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids in Formation Waters[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(4):48-54.
[6]郭春清,沈忠民,张林晔,等.砂岩储层中有机酸对主要矿物的溶蚀作用及机理研究综述[J].地质地球化学,2003,31(3):53-57.Guo Chunqing,Shen Zhongmin,Zhang Linye,et al.The Corrosion and Its Mechanism of Organic Acids on Main Minerals in Oil-Gas Reservoir Sand Rocks[J].Geology-Geochemistry,2003,31(3):53-57.
[7]蔡进功,谢忠怀,田芳,等.济阳坳陷深层砂岩成岩作用及孔隙演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(1):84-88.Cai Jingong,Xie Zhonghuai,Tian Fang,et al.Diagenesis and Pore Evolution of Deep Sandstones in Jiyang Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(1):84-88.
[8]王勇,钟建华,陈昊,等.东濮凹陷古近系深层次生孔隙垂向分布特征及成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):576-580.Wang Yong,Zhong Jianhua,Chen Hao,et al.Vertical Distribution and Genesis of the Secondary Pore in Deep Formation of Paleogene at Dongpu Sag[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(5):576-580.
[9]管红,朱筱敏.南堡凹陷滩海地区古近系砂岩孔隙类型、分布及其控制因素[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(4):22-26.Guan Hong,Zhu Xiaomin.Types,Distribution of Sandstone Pore of Paleaogene and Its Controlling Factors in Beach Area,Nanpu Sag[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Naturnal Science,2009,33(4):22-26.
[10]徐怀民,林玉祥,郗风云,等.茫崖坳陷下第三系有机酸形成演化及空间分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):23-25.Xu Huaimin,Lin Yuxiang,Xi Fengyun,et al.The Organic Acid Evolution and Distribution of Eogene in Mangya Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(6):23-25.
[11]梅博文,杨文宽.储层地球化学:译文集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1991.Mei Bowen,Yang Wenkuan.The Reservoir Geochemistry:Translations[M].Xi’an:Northwestern University Press,1991.
[12]蔡春芳,梅博文,马亭,等.塔里木盆地有机酸来源、分布及对成岩作用的影响[J].沉积学报,1997,15(3):103-109.Cai Chunfang,Mei Bowen,Ma Ting,et al.The Source,Distribution of Organic Acids in Oilfield Waters and Their Effects on Mineral Diagenesis in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1997,15(3):103-109.
[13]秦建中.中国烃源岩[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.Qin Jianzhong.Hydrocarbon Source Rocks in China[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005.
[14]陈国俊,吕成福,王琪,等.珠江口盆地深水区白云凹陷储层孔隙特征及影响因素[J].石油学报,2010,31(4):566-572.Chen Guojun,LüChengfu,Wang Qi,et al.Characteristics of Pore Evolution and Its Controlling Factors of Baiyun Sag in Deepwater Area of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(4):566-572.
[15]刘招君,杨虎林,董清水,等.中国油页岩[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.Liu Zhaojun,Yang Hulin,Dong Qingshui,et al.Oil Shale in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[16]张海龙,刘招君,史冀忠,等.罗子沟盆地下白垩统大砬子组油页岩成矿规律分析[J].中国地质,2007,34(1):86-91.Zhang Hailong,Liu Zhaojun,Shi Jizhong,et al.Formation Characteristics of Oil Shale in the Lower Cretaceous Dalazi Formation in the Luozigou Basin[J].Geology in China,2007,34(1):86-91.
[17]吕成福,陈国俊,张功成,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷珠海组砂岩储层特征及成因机制[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(9):2763-2773.LüChengfu,Chen Guojun,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Reservoir Characteristics of Detrital Sandstones in Zhuhai Formation of Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2011,42(9):2763-2773.
[18]黄洁,朱如凯,侯读杰,等.深部砂岩储层次生孔隙发育机理研究进展[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(6):76-82.Huang Jie,Zhu Rukai,Hou Dujie,et al.The New Advances of Secondary Porosity Genesis Mechanism in Deep Clastic Reservoir[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2007,26(6):76-82.
[19]袁静,张善文,乔俊,等.东营凹陷深层溶蚀孔隙的多重介质成因机理和动力机制[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):840-846.Yuan Jing,Zhang Shanwen,Qiao Jun,et al.Cause of Formation and Dynamic Mechanisms in Multiply Medium of Dissolved Pores in Deep Dormation of Dongying Sag[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):840-846.
[20]张福顺,朱允辉,王芙蓉.准噶尔盆地腹部深埋储层次生孔隙成因机理研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(3):469-478.Zhang Fushun,Zhu Yunhui,Wang Furong.Forming Mechanism of Secondary Pores in Deep Buried Reservoirs of Junggar Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(3):469-478.
[21]李汶国.各类干酪根不同成熟阶段生油气量的探讨[J].石油与天然气地质地质,1981,2(3):199-211.Li Wenguo.A Preliminary Study of Hydrocarbon Production from Various Types of Kerogen at Different Mature Stages[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1981,2(3):199-211.
[22]徐伟民.石油地球化学在油气勘探中的应用[M].北京:石油大学出版社,1993.Xu Weimin.Petroleum Geochemistry in Oil and Gas Exploration[M].Beijing:University of Petroleum Press,1993.
[23]孙平昌,刘招君,李宝毅,等.桦甸盆地桦甸组油页岩段地球化学特征及地质意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(4):948-960.Sun Pingchang,Liu Zhaojun,Li Baoyi,et al.New Geochemical Characteristics and Their Geological Implications of Oil Shale Member of Huadian Formation,Huadian Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(4):948-960.
[24]李汶国,张晓鹏,钟玉梅.长石砂岩次生溶孔的形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(2):220-229.Li Wenguo,Zhang Xiaopeng,Zhong Yumei.Formation Mechanism of Secondary Dissolved Pores in Arcose[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2005,26(2):220-229.
[25]陈冬霞,庞雄奇,邱楠生,等.砂岩透镜体成藏机制[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(4):483-488.Chen Dongxia,Pang Xiongqi,Qiu Nansheng,et al.Accumulation and Filling Mechanism of Lenticular Sandbody Reservoirs[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(4):483-488.
[26]柳蓉,刘招君,杜江峰,等.依兰盆地始新统达连河组油页岩成因新认识[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(4):941-947.Liu Rong,Liu Zhaojun,Du Jiangfeng,et al.New Research on Oil Shale Origin of Eocene Dalianhe Formation in Yilan Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(4):941-947.