梅河盆地油页岩特征及成因
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摘要
梅河盆地为古近纪富含油页岩的小型断陷盆地。岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、有机碳、热解和工业分析等测试分析表明,梅河盆地发育高灰分中含油率型油页岩,油页岩中有机质处于未熟状态;黏土矿物以高岭石和伊利石为主,富含石英等稳定组分,U、Mo等元素较为富集,轻重稀土分异程度高。油页岩突变沉积于煤层之上,且上覆深灰色泥岩,表明其形成于半深湖-深湖环境;Sr/Ba比值和伽马蜡烷含量较低、V/(V+Ni)>0.5,表明油页岩形成于缺氧的淡水中。油页岩中有机质来源较为复杂,黑色油页岩有机质丰度含量较高,以高等植物来源为主,油页岩产油率(含油率/TOC)较低;褐色油页岩TOC相对较低,有机质以湖泊生物为主,具有较高的产油率。
Meihe Basin is a small Paleogene fault-depression basin which is rich in oil shale. Analysis of core and slides observation,organic carbon,pyrogenation and industry shows that the Meihe oil shale is a middle in oil content with high ash in type,and its organic matter is immature. Meanwhile kaolinite and illite are the main clay minerals in Meihe oil shale,enriched by stabilizing components such as quartz. Elements in Meihe oil shale like U,Mo are relatively rich,and its heave and light REE is high in differentation degree. Oil shale deposited over the coal layers in mutation,covered by the dark gray mudstone,which indicates that the oil shale developed in semi-deep and deep lake environment. Sr /Ba value and gammacerane value are lower,and V /( V + Ni) value is greater than 0. 5,which indicates the oil shale forming in anoxic freshwater. The sources of organic matter in oil shale are more complex,such as high TOC content black oil shale containing mainly high plants with low oil production rate( oil content / TOC),and relatively low TOC content of brown oil shale having much more aquatic organic matter with high oil production rate.
Meihe Basin is a small Paleogene fault-depression basin which is rich in oil shale. Analysis of core and slides observation,organic carbon,pyrogenation and industry shows that the Meihe oil shale is a middle in oil content with high ash in type,and its organic matter is immature. Meanwhile kaolinite and illite are the main clay minerals in Meihe oil shale,enriched by stabilizing components such as quartz. Elements in Meihe oil shale like U,Mo are relatively rich,and its heave and light REE is high in differentation degree. Oil shale deposited over the coal layers in mutation,covered by the dark gray mudstone,which indicates that the oil shale developed in semi-deep and deep lake environment. Sr /Ba value and gammacerane value are lower,and V /( V + Ni) value is greater than 0. 5,which indicates the oil shale forming in anoxic freshwater. The sources of organic matter in oil shale are more complex,such as high TOC content black oil shale containing mainly high plants with low oil production rate( oil content / TOC),and relatively low TOC content of brown oil shale having much more aquatic organic matter with high oil production rate.
引文
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[2]吴克平,刘颖鑫,荆保沢,等.梅河盆地沉积聚煤环境与含煤远景[J].吉林地质,2008,27(3):24-29.WU Ke-ping,LIU Ying-xin,JING Bao-ze,et al.Sedimentary coal-accumulating environment and prospecting coal prospect of Meihe Basin[J].Jilin Geology,2008,27(3):24-29.
[3]胡善亭,吴克平.梅河盆地的形成与演化规律[J].东北煤炭技术,1992(2):51,52.HU Shan-ting,WU Ke-ping.Princeple of formation and evolution of Meihe Basin[J].Coal Technology of Northeast China,1992(2):51,52.
[4]胡善亭,荆惠林,吴克平,等.梅河盆地沉积体系及沉积体系域[J].煤田地质与勘探,1996(3):4-8.HU Shan-ting,JING Hui-lin,WU Ke-ping,et al.The depositional systems and depositional system tracts in Meihe Basin[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,1996(3):4-8.
[5]孙平昌,刘招君,李宝毅,等.桦甸盆地桦甸组油页岩段地球化学特征及地质意义[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2012,42(2):948-960.SUN Ping-chang,LIU Zhao-jun,LI Bao-yi,et al.The geochemical characteristics and their geological implications of oil shale member of Huadian Formation,Huadian Basin[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(2):948-960.
[6]胡善亭,康西栋,吴克平,等.梅河盆地聚煤环境分析[J].中国煤田地质,1996,8(2):13-15.HU Shan-ting,KANG Xi-dong,WU Ke-ping,et al.Sedimentary coal accumulating environment of Meihe Basin[J].Coal Geology of China,1996,8(2):13-15.
[7]孙晓猛,王书琴,王英德,等.郯庐断裂带北段构造特征及构造演化序列[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):165-176.SUN Xiao-meng,WANG Shu-qin,WANG Ying-de,et al.The structural feature and evolutionary series in the northern segment of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(1):165-176.
[8]吉林省地质矿产局.吉林省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:1-105.Geology and Mineral Resources Bureau of Jilin Province.Regional geology of Jilin Province[M].Beijing:Geology Publishing House,1988:1-105.
[9]赵隆业,陈基娘,王天顺.我国油页岩的成分和品级划分[J].现代地质,1991,5(4):423-429.ZHAO Long-ye,CHEN Ji-niang,WANG Tian-shun.Grade dividing and composition of oil shale in China[J].Geoscience,1991,5(4):423-429.
[10]刘招君,杨虎林,董清水,等.中国油页岩[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009:1-122.LIU Zhao-jun,YANG Hu-lin,DONG Qing-shui,et al.Oil shale in China[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009:1-122.
[11]McLennan S M.Rare earth elements in sedimentary rocks:influence of provenance and sedimentary[J].Reviews in Mineralogy,1989,21:169-200.
[12]陈光仲.安徽巢县二叠系地层的C/S比值及其指相意义[J].地层学杂志,1991,15(1):54-79.CHEN Guang-zhong.The C/S ratio and its significance of C/S in Permian strata of Anhui Chaoxian[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,1991,15(1):54-79.
[13]邓宏文,钱凯.沉积地球化学与环境分析[M].甘肃:甘肃科学技术出版社,1993:1-98.DENG Hong-wen,QIAN Kai.Sedimentary geochemistry and environmental analysis[M].Gansu:Gansu Science and Technology Press,1993:1-98.
[14]Peters K E,Walters C C,Moldowan Michael J.The biomaker guide biomakers and isotopes in petroleum exploration and earth history[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005:499-631.
[15]刘冬青,柳蓉,刘招君,等.罗子沟盆地大砬子组油页岩有机地球化学特征及其地质意义[J].世界地质,2012,3(2):315-322.LIU Dong-qing,LIU Rong,LIU Zhao-jun,et al.Organic geochemical characteristics and geological significance of oil shale in Dalazi Formation of Luozigou Basin[J].Global Geology,2012,3(2):315-322.
[16]Sundararaman P,Boreham C J.Vanady13-nor C30DPEP:indicator of depositional environment of a lacustrine sediment[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1991,55:389-395.
[17]Sun P C,Reinhard F S,Liu Z J,et al.Organic matter accumulation in the oil shale-and coal-bearing Huadian Basin(Eocene;NE China)[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2013,105:1-15.