南京椴嫩枝扦插生根过程中植物激素的变化
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摘要
以南京椴嫩枝插穗为研究对象,采用1 000 mg·kg-1 IBA粉剂处理插穗基部,对扦插生根过程中插穗皮部生长素IAA、玉米素核苷ZR、赤霉素GA3、脱落酸ABA含量以及IAA/ABA和IAA/ZR比值进行动态测定,探究嫩枝扦插生根过程中植物激素变化特点及其对生根的影响。结果表明:1)IBA处理可以显著促进南京椴嫩枝插穗生根,生根率接近67%;其生根过程可划分为愈伤组织形成期、根原基诱导期、不定根形成期和不定根生长期,各自对应时间约为10 d。2)IBA处理可以提高嫩枝插穗中IAA含量,IAA对于根原基的诱导和不定根的发生具有较为直接的影响作用,其含量升高有利于生根;GA3含量增加有利于根原基形成,而低水平GA3则更有利于不定根的生长;ABA和ZR含量升高不利于插穗生根,对于根原基的诱导和不定根的发生具有抑制作用;IAA、ABA在插穗根原基诱导和不定根形成过程中具有相互协调作用,IAA/ABA可作为衡量南京椴嫩枝扦插生根能力的指标。3)外源IBA处理可以促进插穗内IAA含量升高,调节ABA、ZR、GA3含量降低,促使IAA/ABA在诱导生根期快速增大,通过相关激素的调控,使插穗向有利于促进生根的生理状态转变。
In order to explore the changing characteristics and effects of plant hormones on rooting, the soft wood cutting of Tilia miqueliana was treated with 1 000 mg·kg-1 IBA powder, and the content changes of IAA, ZR, GA3, ABA, and the ratio changes of IAA/ABA, IAA/ZR in the cuuting skin were measured. The results show that 1) IBA treatment could obviously promote the rooting of soft wood cutting of T. miqueliana and the rooting rate was about 67%; the rooting process could be divided into formative period of callus,induction period of root primordium, formative period of adventitious root and the growth period of adventitious root, and each period lasted for about 10 days. 2) IBA treatment could increase the IAA content which had directly in?uences of inducting root primordium and forming adventitious root, and the increase of IAA content was conductive to rooting. The increase of GA3 content was conductive to generate root primordium and the low level of GA3 was more favorable to the growth of adventitious root; the increase of ABA and ZA content was against to the rooting of cutting and restrained the induction of root primordium and the generation of adventitious root. There was an inter-coordination function between IAA and ABA on the induction period of root primordium and the formative period of adventitious root, and the rate of IAA/ABA could be used as an index to measure the rooting ability of soft wood cutting of T.miqueliana. 3) Exogenous IBA could promote the increase of IAA content, the decrease of ABA, ZR, GA3 content and the fast increase of IAA/ABA on the induction period of rooting, which made the cutting towards to a physiological state for rooting by adjusting relative hormones.
In order to explore the changing characteristics and effects of plant hormones on rooting, the soft wood cutting of Tilia miqueliana was treated with 1 000 mg·kg-1 IBA powder, and the content changes of IAA, ZR, GA3, ABA, and the ratio changes of IAA/ABA, IAA/ZR in the cuuting skin were measured. The results show that 1) IBA treatment could obviously promote the rooting of soft wood cutting of T. miqueliana and the rooting rate was about 67%; the rooting process could be divided into formative period of callus,induction period of root primordium, formative period of adventitious root and the growth period of adventitious root, and each period lasted for about 10 days. 2) IBA treatment could increase the IAA content which had directly in?uences of inducting root primordium and forming adventitious root, and the increase of IAA content was conductive to rooting. The increase of GA3 content was conductive to generate root primordium and the low level of GA3 was more favorable to the growth of adventitious root; the increase of ABA and ZA content was against to the rooting of cutting and restrained the induction of root primordium and the generation of adventitious root. There was an inter-coordination function between IAA and ABA on the induction period of root primordium and the formative period of adventitious root, and the rate of IAA/ABA could be used as an index to measure the rooting ability of soft wood cutting of T.miqueliana. 3) Exogenous IBA could promote the increase of IAA content, the decrease of ABA, ZR, GA3 content and the fast increase of IAA/ABA on the induction period of rooting, which made the cutting towards to a physiological state for rooting by adjusting relative hormones.
引文
[1]史锋厚,沈永宝,施季森.南京椴资源的保护和开发利用[J].林业科技开发,2012,26(3):11-14.
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[3]史锋厚,郑晨,罗帅,等.南京椴嫩枝扦插技术研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(8):9-13.
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[5]李焕勇,刘涛,张华新,等.植物扦插生根机理研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(1):23-28.
[6]李小方,汤章城,何玉科.不定根的形态发生与调节机制[J].细胞生物学杂志,2001,23(3):130-136.
[7]王文凤,李保会,张芹,等.IBA处理对蒙椴嫩枝扦插的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2007,30(5):48-50.
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[9]王乔春.植物激素与插条不定根的形成[J].四川农业大学学报,1992,10(l):29-33.
[10]朱青松,梅康凤,王沙生,等.外源生长素对烟学髓愈伤组织分化和内源IAA含量的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,1999,21(l):22-25.
[11]蒙海涛,韩清芳,贾志宽,等.水培紫花苜蓿的茎段生根过程中内源激素含量变化[J].植物生理学通讯,2008,44(3):498-500.
[12]KAWAI Y.Effects of exogenous BAP,GA3,and ABA on endogenous auxin and rooting of grapevine hardwood cuttings[J].Jpa Sec HortSci,1997,66(1):93-98.
[13]刘桂丰,杨传平,曲冠正,等.落叶松杂种插穗生根过程中4种内源激素的动态变化[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(6):l-3.
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[15]敖红,王昆,冯玉龙.长白落叶松插穗的内源激素水平及其与扦插生根的关系[J].植物研究,2002,22(2):190-195.
[16]郑均宝,刘玉军,裴宝华,等.几种木本植物插穗生根与内源IAA、ABA的关系[J].植物生理学报,1991,17(3):313-316.
[17]胡虹,季本仁,段金玉,等.云南山楂中吲哚乙酸、脱落酸、玉米索和玉米素核苷的内源水平及其生根率研究[J].云南植物研究,1993,15(3):278-384.
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[19]詹亚光,杨传平,金贞福,等.白桦插穗生根的内源激素和营养物质[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(4):1-4.
[20]KELEN M,OZKAN G.Relationships between rooting ability and changes of endogenous IAA and ABA during the rooting of hardwood cuttings of some grapevine rootstocks[J].European Journal of Horticultural Science,2003,68(1):8-13.
[21]郭英超.兴安圆柏扦插繁殖技术及插穗生根生理基础的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2007.
[22]程水源,王燕.银杏插穗生根与酶及内源激素的关系[J].园艺学报,1996,23(4):407-408.
[23]肖关丽,杨清辉,李富生.甘蔗组培苗继代培养中内源激素与绿苗生根率关系研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(4):271-273.
[2]史锋厚,卢芳,沈永宝.椴树属植物研究进展[J].林业科技开发,2006,20(l):12-15.
[3]史锋厚,郑晨,罗帅,等.南京椴嫩枝扦插技术研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(8):9-13.
[4]郝建军,康宗利,于洋.植物生理学实验技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[5]李焕勇,刘涛,张华新,等.植物扦插生根机理研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(1):23-28.
[6]李小方,汤章城,何玉科.不定根的形态发生与调节机制[J].细胞生物学杂志,2001,23(3):130-136.
[7]王文凤,李保会,张芹,等.IBA处理对蒙椴嫩枝扦插的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2007,30(5):48-50.
[8]郑先武,田砚亭.金丝小枣插条中外源激素和内源激索的关系[J].北京林业大学学报,1995,17(4):44-49.
[9]王乔春.植物激素与插条不定根的形成[J].四川农业大学学报,1992,10(l):29-33.
[10]朱青松,梅康凤,王沙生,等.外源生长素对烟学髓愈伤组织分化和内源IAA含量的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,1999,21(l):22-25.
[11]蒙海涛,韩清芳,贾志宽,等.水培紫花苜蓿的茎段生根过程中内源激素含量变化[J].植物生理学通讯,2008,44(3):498-500.
[12]KAWAI Y.Effects of exogenous BAP,GA3,and ABA on endogenous auxin and rooting of grapevine hardwood cuttings[J].Jpa Sec HortSci,1997,66(1):93-98.
[13]刘桂丰,杨传平,曲冠正,等.落叶松杂种插穗生根过程中4种内源激素的动态变化[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(6):l-3.
[14]潘瑞炽.植物生理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[15]敖红,王昆,冯玉龙.长白落叶松插穗的内源激素水平及其与扦插生根的关系[J].植物研究,2002,22(2):190-195.
[16]郑均宝,刘玉军,裴宝华,等.几种木本植物插穗生根与内源IAA、ABA的关系[J].植物生理学报,1991,17(3):313-316.
[17]胡虹,季本仁,段金玉,等.云南山楂中吲哚乙酸、脱落酸、玉米索和玉米素核苷的内源水平及其生根率研究[J].云南植物研究,1993,15(3):278-384.
[18]凌宏勤.白皮松扦插繁殖技术及生理学和解剖学研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2001.
[19]詹亚光,杨传平,金贞福,等.白桦插穗生根的内源激素和营养物质[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(4):1-4.
[20]KELEN M,OZKAN G.Relationships between rooting ability and changes of endogenous IAA and ABA during the rooting of hardwood cuttings of some grapevine rootstocks[J].European Journal of Horticultural Science,2003,68(1):8-13.
[21]郭英超.兴安圆柏扦插繁殖技术及插穗生根生理基础的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2007.
[22]程水源,王燕.银杏插穗生根与酶及内源激素的关系[J].园艺学报,1996,23(4):407-408.
[23]肖关丽,杨清辉,李富生.甘蔗组培苗继代培养中内源激素与绿苗生根率关系研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2001,16(4):271-273.