黄麻复合床垫材料的制备及其性能
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摘要
为了开发黄麻复合床垫材料,以黄麻纤维、三维卷曲中空涤纶、ES纤维为原料,通过开松、梳理、铺网、针刺及热风粘合等工艺制备样品,探讨纤维比例、针刺密度、烘燥温度、烘燥时间对其性能的影响。结果表明,影响其性能的主要因素依次为烘燥温度、纤维配比、针刺密度、烘燥时间,最优的工艺参数为黄麻/三维卷曲中空涤纶/ES纤维的比例30/50/20,针刺密度50刺/cm~2,烘燥温度170℃,烘燥时间6.5 min。烘燥温度的提高和黄麻纤维含量的降低可使产品压缩弹性率提高。较高的烘燥温度和针刺密度有利于增加产品的耐磨性能;合理的工艺参数和纤维配置能够弥补黄麻纤维耐磨性差的缺陷。黄麻纤维的增加和针刺密度的降低可以提高产品的透气性能。
In order to develop jute composite mattress material,jute fiber, three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber and ES fiber were used as raw materials, and preparation of samples by opening,carding,laying,needling and hot air drying process, and the effects of fiber ratio, needling density, drying temperature and drying time on its properties were explored.The results show that the main factors affecting its performance are drying temperature, fiber ratio, needling density and drying time, the optimal process parameters is that the ratio of jute/three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester/ES fiber is 30/50/20, the density of needle punching is 50 stroke/cm~2, the drying temperature of is 170℃,and the drying time of is 6.5 min;the improvement of drying temperature and the reduction of jute fiber content can increase the compression elasticity coefficient of the product; the higher drying temperature and needle density are beneficial to increase the abrasion resistance of the product,and the reasonable process parameters and fiber content ratio can make up for the defects of poor abrasion resistance of jute fiber; the increase of jute fiber content and the reduction of needle density can improve the air permeability of the product.
In order to develop jute composite mattress material,jute fiber, three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester fiber and ES fiber were used as raw materials, and preparation of samples by opening,carding,laying,needling and hot air drying process, and the effects of fiber ratio, needling density, drying temperature and drying time on its properties were explored.The results show that the main factors affecting its performance are drying temperature, fiber ratio, needling density and drying time, the optimal process parameters is that the ratio of jute/three-dimensional crimped hollow polyester/ES fiber is 30/50/20, the density of needle punching is 50 stroke/cm~2, the drying temperature of is 170℃,and the drying time of is 6.5 min;the improvement of drying temperature and the reduction of jute fiber content can increase the compression elasticity coefficient of the product; the higher drying temperature and needle density are beneficial to increase the abrasion resistance of the product,and the reasonable process parameters and fiber content ratio can make up for the defects of poor abrasion resistance of jute fiber; the increase of jute fiber content and the reduction of needle density can improve the air permeability of the product.
引文
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[13] 李俊涛,马余良,邹宇航,等.玄武岩/黄麻/聚乙烯复合材料性能的研究[J].工程与试验,2012,52(3):33-34.LI J T,MA Y L,ZOU Y H,et al.Study on properties of Basalt/Jute/Polyethylene composites[J].Engineering & Test,2012,52(3):33-34.(in Chinese)
[14] NA Y,CHO G.Sound absorption and viscoelastic property of acoustical automotive nonwovens and their plasma treatment[J].Fibers and Polymers,2010,11(5):782-789.
[15] JOHN M J,ANANDJIWALA R D.Recent developments in chemical modification and characterization of natural fiber-reinforced composites[J].Polym Compos,2008,29(2):187-207.
[16] KHAN G M A,SHAIKH H,ALAM M S,et al.Effect of chemical treatments on the physical properties of non-woven Jute/PLA biocomposites[J].BioResources,2015,10(4):7386-7404.
[17] 贾芳,张得昆.多层针刺复合非织造土工布的性能测试[J].西安工程大学学报,2016,30(4):411-415.JIA F,ZHANG D K.Testing of multilayer needle-punched composite nonwoven geotextile performance[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2016,30(4):411-415.(in Chinese)
[18] 刘造芳,张得昆,张星,等.山羊毛多组分阻燃针刺地毯的研制[J].毛纺科技,2018,46(1):11-14.LIU Z F,ZHANG D K,ZHANG X,et al.Development of multi-component and flame retardant needle-punched carpet with goat wool[J].Wool Textile Journal,2018,46(1):11-14.(in Chinese)
[19] OZENL M S,SANCAK E,AKALIN M.The effect of needle-punched nonwoven fabric thickness on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness[J].Textile Research Journal,2015,85(8):804-815.
[2] 李莉,申利明,强明礼,等.生态床垫的应用及发展前景[J].西部林业科学,2009,38(2):96-100.LI L,SHEN L M,QIANG M L,et al.Application and development prospect of ecological mattress[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2009,38(2):96-100.(in Chinese)
[3] 杨彬,王剑英,奚柏君.黄麻纤维/ES纤维复合材料制备及力学性能分析[J].上海纺织科技,2017,45(6):26-29.YANG B,WANG J Y,XI B J.Preparation of jute fiber/ES fiber composites and its mechanical properties[J].Shanghai Textile Science & Technology,2017,45(6):26-29.(in Chinese)
[4] BLEDZKI A K,JASZKIEWICZ A.Mechanical performance of biocomposites based on PLA and PHBV reinforced with natural fibres:A comparative study to PP[J].Composites Science and Technology,2010,70(12):1687-1696.
[5] 赖艳,张得昆.PP/玄武岩纤维针刺土工布制备及性能分析[J].纺织高校基础科学学报,2019,32(1):7-11.LAI Y,ZHANG D K.Preparation process of PP/basalt fiber needle punched geotextile[J].Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities,2019,32(1):7-11.(in Chinese)
[6] 彭文芳.黄麻纤维在现代生活中的设计应用[J].艺术科技,2015,28(2):290.PENG W F.Design and application of jute fiber in modern life[J].Art Science and Technology,2015,28(2):290.(in Chinese)
[7] 张爱红.黄麻纤维/低分子量酚醛树脂复合材料的制备与性能研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2018.ZHANG A H.Study on jute fiber reinforced low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin composite[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2018.(in Chinese)
[8] 彭书逸.黄麻纤维/聚丙烯车用复合材料成型工艺及其性能研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2018:1-3.PENG S Y.Study on moulding process and properties of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene composite for automobile[D].Hunan:Hunan University,2018:1-3.(in Chinese)
[9] 周勇,孙筱辰,张兴卫,等.非织造黄麻纤维复合材料的制备与吸声性能研究[J].功能材料,2016,47(11):11131-11135.ZHOU Y,SUN X C,ZHANG X W,et al.Study on manufacturing technology and acoustic property of nonwoven j ute fibers composites[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2016,47(11):11131-11135.(in Chinese)
[10] 刘丽妍,陈玉平,付京涛,等.黄麻混织针织物的设计与开发[J].纺织学报,2014,35(10):46-50.LIU L Y,CHEN Y P,FU J T,et al.Design and development of jute mixed knitted fabrics[J].Journal of Textile Research,2014,35(10):46-50.(in Chinese)
[11] 邓灿辉,粟建光,陈基权,等.黄麻吸附材料的研究及应用前景[J].中国麻业科学,2017,39(6):306-311.DENG C H,SU J G,CHEN J Q,et al.Research progress on removal of pollutant in wastewater with jute-based materials[J].Plant Fiber Sciences in China,2017,39(6):306-311.(in Chinese)
[12] 李彭勃,李怡静,邢德月,等.黄麻制备茶叶泡袋纸及其应用研究[J].中华纸业,2018,39(16):29-33.LI P B,LI Y J,XING D Y,et al.Research on the preparation of tea bag paper with jute and its application[J].China Pulp & Paper Industry,2018,39(16):29-33.(in Chinese)
[13] 李俊涛,马余良,邹宇航,等.玄武岩/黄麻/聚乙烯复合材料性能的研究[J].工程与试验,2012,52(3):33-34.LI J T,MA Y L,ZOU Y H,et al.Study on properties of Basalt/Jute/Polyethylene composites[J].Engineering & Test,2012,52(3):33-34.(in Chinese)
[14] NA Y,CHO G.Sound absorption and viscoelastic property of acoustical automotive nonwovens and their plasma treatment[J].Fibers and Polymers,2010,11(5):782-789.
[15] JOHN M J,ANANDJIWALA R D.Recent developments in chemical modification and characterization of natural fiber-reinforced composites[J].Polym Compos,2008,29(2):187-207.
[16] KHAN G M A,SHAIKH H,ALAM M S,et al.Effect of chemical treatments on the physical properties of non-woven Jute/PLA biocomposites[J].BioResources,2015,10(4):7386-7404.
[17] 贾芳,张得昆.多层针刺复合非织造土工布的性能测试[J].西安工程大学学报,2016,30(4):411-415.JIA F,ZHANG D K.Testing of multilayer needle-punched composite nonwoven geotextile performance[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2016,30(4):411-415.(in Chinese)
[18] 刘造芳,张得昆,张星,等.山羊毛多组分阻燃针刺地毯的研制[J].毛纺科技,2018,46(1):11-14.LIU Z F,ZHANG D K,ZHANG X,et al.Development of multi-component and flame retardant needle-punched carpet with goat wool[J].Wool Textile Journal,2018,46(1):11-14.(in Chinese)
[19] OZENL M S,SANCAK E,AKALIN M.The effect of needle-punched nonwoven fabric thickness on electromagnetic shielding effectiveness[J].Textile Research Journal,2015,85(8):804-815.