川渝油气田建设水土流失影响因子分析
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摘要
以川渝地区油气田管线建设区域为主要研究对象,确定了9条代表性输气管线工程,选取其中4条不同工程类型管线,现场设定24个典型监测点位,实地监测实际发生的水土流失量;利用通用方程USLE对水土流失量进行预测;运用SPSS软件对监测结果和预测结果进行拟合,同时对USLE中5个显著影响因子进行扰动性矩阵分析。结果表明:(1)USLE在川渝地区油气田建设过程中预测水土流失量与实际水土流失量的拟合效果较好,适用于研究区。(2)水土流失主要影响因子影响程度优先度排序为:土壤可蚀性因子>植物覆盖因子>降雨侵蚀因子>土壤保持措施因子>坡度因子。
The construction region of oil-gas field pipeline and its supporting facilities,which located in Chongqing and Sichuan province was selected as the study area.Nine projects of natural gas pipeline were selected and 4 projects with different pipeline types were screened,24 typical monitoring sites in the project were set.On-site monitoring methods was used to examine the amount of actual soil erosion,the USLE soil and water conservation forecasting model was used to predict the amount of soil erosion.After getting the experimental data,the relation of the observed data and forecast data were fitted by using SPSS software.five factors of the USLE soil and water conservation in the prediction model were selected as the significantly affecting factors.And the mobility matrix analysis on these five factors was carried out.The results showed that:(1) predicting amount of soil erosion form USLE soil and water conservation forecast model equation for the construction process of oil and gas fields in the Sichuan—Chongqing region and field monitoring of the amount of soil erosion fitted very well with the practicality of the actual construction operations;(2) the significance of the impact on soil erosion factors were in the order of soil erosion factor>vegetation cover factor and the rainfall erosion factor>erosion control factor slope factor in terms of the degree of influence priority.
The construction region of oil-gas field pipeline and its supporting facilities,which located in Chongqing and Sichuan province was selected as the study area.Nine projects of natural gas pipeline were selected and 4 projects with different pipeline types were screened,24 typical monitoring sites in the project were set.On-site monitoring methods was used to examine the amount of actual soil erosion,the USLE soil and water conservation forecasting model was used to predict the amount of soil erosion.After getting the experimental data,the relation of the observed data and forecast data were fitted by using SPSS software.five factors of the USLE soil and water conservation in the prediction model were selected as the significantly affecting factors.And the mobility matrix analysis on these five factors was carried out.The results showed that:(1) predicting amount of soil erosion form USLE soil and water conservation forecast model equation for the construction process of oil and gas fields in the Sichuan—Chongqing region and field monitoring of the amount of soil erosion fitted very well with the practicality of the actual construction operations;(2) the significance of the impact on soil erosion factors were in the order of soil erosion factor>vegetation cover factor and the rainfall erosion factor>erosion control factor slope factor in terms of the degree of influence priority.
引文
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[3]黄一劲,柴宗新,刘淑珍.油气管线工程的水土流失特点与防治要点[J].中国水土保持,2008(1):42-43.
[4]程金香,马俊杰,王伯锋,等.输油管道工程环境影响的分析[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(6):174-177.
[5]唐春凌,罗方宇,主权云,等.天然气管道工程水土流失预测及防治措施[J].石油与天然气化工,2004,33(4):296-299.
[6]何鲤,刘莉萍,罗潇,等.川西龙门山推覆构造特征及有利油气勘探区块预测[J].石油试验地质,2007,29(3):247-252.
[7]韩亚丽.南京至安庆铁路铜陵至池州段水土保持预测分析[J].环境科学与管理,2009,34(2):175-178.
[8]范建荣,王念忠,陈光,等.东北地区水土保持措施因子研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(3):75-79.
[9]李凤,吴长文.RUSLE侵蚀模型及其应用[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(1):109-112.
[10]徐文才,甘玉华.土壤侵蚀预报模型研究现状[J].科技信息,2009(21):34-35.
[11]胡续礼.水土流失定量监测中降雨侵蚀力因子的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[12]张科利,彭文英,张竹梅.日本近50年来土壤侵蚀及水土保持研究综述[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(2):61-78.
[13]管新建,张文鸽,李勉,等.模拟降雨侵蚀产沙量与其影响因子的灰关联分析[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(2):168-174.
[14]唐克丽.中国水土保持[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[15]青海湖防沙工程措施区土壤水分及入渗特性初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(1):33-36.
[16]李占斌,朱冰冰,李鹏.土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究进展[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):803-809.