饲料维生素E含量对罗氏沼虾生长性能、血清生化指标和肌肉品质的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在探讨饲料维生素E含量对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)生长性能、血清生化指标和肌肉品质的影响。选择平均初重为(0.243±0.003) g的健康罗氏沼虾幼虾750尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。各组分别投喂维生素E含量为0.6(对照)、103.4、207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg的5种等氮等能饲料。试验期62 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,103.4、207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg组的增重率和特定生长率显著增加(P<0.05),631.7 mg/kg组的肥满度显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性和总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05); 207.1 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05); 631.7 mg/kg组的血清谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),血清甘油三酯含量显著增加(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的肌肉含肉率显著增加(P<0.05),肌肉滴水损失显著减少(P<0.05); 207.1 mg/kg组的肌肉含肉率显著增加(P<0.05),肌肉蒸煮损失显著减少(P<0.05); 631.7 mg/kg组的肌肉丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05); 207.1、412.9和631.7 mg/kg组的肌肉维生素E含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,103.4 mg/kg组的肌肉弹性显著提高(P<0.05); 207.1和412.9 mg/kg组的肌肉硬度、内聚性、耐咀性和胶黏性显著降低(P<0.05); 412.9 mg/kg组的肌肉嫩度显著提高(P<0.05)。经折线模型分析,以特定生长率、肌肉蒸煮损失为指标,得到罗氏沼虾饲料维生素E适宜含量分别为169.38、218.66 mg/kg。由此可知,饲料中添加169.38～218.66 mg/kg维生素E可促进罗氏沼虾生长,调节代谢,增强免疫,并有效改善肌肉品质。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin E content on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and muscle quality of giant freshwater prawn(Macrobrachium rosenbergii).A total of 750 healthy Macrobrachium rosenbergii juvenile shrimps with an initial body weight of(0.243±0.003) g were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 shrimps per replicate.Shrimps in the 5 groups were fed 5 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets which contained 0.6(control),103.4,207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg vitamin E,respectively.The experiment lasted for 62 days.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the weight gain rate and specific growth ratio in 103.4,207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg groups were significantly increased(P< 0.05),the condition factor in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05).2) Compared with the control group,the glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and total cholesterol content in serum in 103.4 mg/kg group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities and total cholesterol content in serum in 207.1 mg/kg group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum triacylglycerol content was significantly increased(P < 0.05).3) Compared with the control group,the muscle flesh content in 103.4 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the muscle drip loss was significantly decreased(P < 0.05);the muscle flesh content in 207.1 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the muscle cooking loss was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the muscle malondialdehyde content in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the muscle vitamin E content in 207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).4) Compared with the control group,the springiness of muscle in 103.4 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the hardness,cohesiveness,chewiness and gumminess of muscle in 207.1 and 412.9 mg/kg groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the tenderness of muscle in 412.9 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05).According to the broken-line regression analysis of specific growth ratio and cooking loss,we recommend the optimal dietary vitamin E content for Macrobrachium rosenbergii were 169.38 and 218.66 mg/kg,respectively.Based on our results,we conclude that dietary 169.38 to 218.66 mg/kg vitamin E can promote the growth performance,regulate the metabolism and enhance the immune,and effective improve the muscle quality of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin E content on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and muscle quality of giant freshwater prawn(Macrobrachium rosenbergii).A total of 750 healthy Macrobrachium rosenbergii juvenile shrimps with an initial body weight of(0.243±0.003) g were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 shrimps per replicate.Shrimps in the 5 groups were fed 5 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets which contained 0.6(control),103.4,207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg vitamin E,respectively.The experiment lasted for 62 days.The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group,the weight gain rate and specific growth ratio in 103.4,207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg groups were significantly increased(P< 0.05),the condition factor in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05).2) Compared with the control group,the glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and total cholesterol content in serum in 103.4 mg/kg group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activities and total cholesterol content in serum in 207.1 mg/kg group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum triacylglycerol content was significantly increased(P < 0.05).3) Compared with the control group,the muscle flesh content in 103.4 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the muscle drip loss was significantly decreased(P < 0.05);the muscle flesh content in 207.1 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the muscle cooking loss was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the muscle malondialdehyde content in 631.7 mg/kg group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the muscle vitamin E content in 207.1,412.9 and 631.7 mg/kg groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).4) Compared with the control group,the springiness of muscle in 103.4 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the hardness,cohesiveness,chewiness and gumminess of muscle in 207.1 and 412.9 mg/kg groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the tenderness of muscle in 412.9 mg/kg group was significantly increased(P<0.05).According to the broken-line regression analysis of specific growth ratio and cooking loss,we recommend the optimal dietary vitamin E content for Macrobrachium rosenbergii were 169.38 and 218.66 mg/kg,respectively.Based on our results,we conclude that dietary 169.38 to 218.66 mg/kg vitamin E can promote the growth performance,regulate the metabolism and enhance the immune,and effective improve the muscle quality of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
引文
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[5]OURAJI H,KENARI A MA,SHABANPOUR B,et al.Grow th,survival,and fatty acid composition of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus(Milne Edwards)fed diets containing different levels of vitamin E and lipid[J].Aquaculture International,2011,19(5):903-916.
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[7]彭士明,陈立侨,侯俊利,等.氧化鱼油饲料中添加VE对黑鲷幼鱼体脂含量及肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2008,17(3):298-304.
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[10]周明,刘波,戈贤平,等.饲料维生素E添加水平对团头鲂生长性能及血液和肌肉理化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(7):1488-1496.
[11]董云伟,牛翠娟,杜丽.饲料蛋白水平对罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)生长和消化酶活性的影响[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,2(1):96-99.
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[13]程媛媛,周洪琪,华雪铭,等.玉米蛋白粉部分替代鱼粉对罗氏沼虾生长、氨基酸沉积率和肌肉营养成分的影响[J].中国水产科学,2009,16(4):572-579.
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[16]王恒.不同脂肪源及胆汁酸对罗氏沼虾生长性能及脂肪酸组成的影响[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2010.
[17]MURALISANKAR T,BHAVAN P S,RADHAKRISHNAN S,et al.Dietary supplementation of fish and vegetable oils on the grow th performance and muscle compositions of the freshwater praw n Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].The Journal of Basic&Applied Zoology,2014,67(2):34-39.
[18]吴锐全,肖学铮,黄樟翰,等.饲料中维生素C添加量对罗氏沼虾生长的影响[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2000,39(Suppl.1):244-247.
[19]CAVALLI R O,Batista F MM,LAVENS P,et al.Effect of dietary supplementation of vitamins C and E on maternal performance and larval quality of the praw n Macrobrachium rosenbergii[J].Aquaculture,2003,227(1/2/3/4):131-146.
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