广西医疗服务空间可及性及均衡性研究
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摘要
目的:通过空间分析的方法了解广西医疗服务的空间可及性及均衡性现状并分析原因,为广西医疗机构的空间布局提供科学的参考依据。方法:通过引力模型、空间自相关、热点分析来分析广西医疗资源的可及性、均衡性。结果:对广西各地进行可及性分析后发现,南宁、柳州、桂林等地可及性较好,而百色西部、河池的西南部、钦州北海玉林交界处等可及性较差,且城市优于农村。广西居民的就医可及性不是均衡分布的,并且存在空间聚集性。结论:广西卫生资源浪费与卫生资源稀缺同时存在。通过可及性值的计算并进行可视化表达能够直观的看到各居民点就医空间可及性实际情况。通过对可及性空间公平性分析可以较好的识别资源富集区(热点区)和资源短缺区(冷点区)。GIS技术在卫生资源配置以及卫生资源规划中还有很大的潜力值得挖掘。
Objective: The spatial analysis method was used to understand the status and causes of spatial accessibility and balance of medical services in Guangxi, and to provide a scientific reference for the spatial layout of medical institutions in Guangxi.Methods: It analyzed the accessibility and balance of medical resources in Guangxi through gravitational model, spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis. Results: With the accessibility analysis of Guangxi, it found that the accessibility was good in Nanning, Liuzhou and Guilin, while the accessibility of the west of Baise, the southwest of Hechi, and the junction of Yulin, Beihai and Qinzhou were poor; while the urban areas were better than rural areas. The medical accessibility of Guangxi residents was not equilibrium distribution, but spatial aggregation existed. Conclusion: The scarcity and waste of health resources were coexist in Guangxi. Through the accessibility value and the visual expression, it could intuitively acquire the actual situation of the accessibility of medical space for each residential area. By analyzing the fairness of accessibility, it could identify resource-rich areas(hot spots) and resource-short areas(cold spots). GIS technology had great potential in health resource allocation and health resource.
Objective: The spatial analysis method was used to understand the status and causes of spatial accessibility and balance of medical services in Guangxi, and to provide a scientific reference for the spatial layout of medical institutions in Guangxi.Methods: It analyzed the accessibility and balance of medical resources in Guangxi through gravitational model, spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis. Results: With the accessibility analysis of Guangxi, it found that the accessibility was good in Nanning, Liuzhou and Guilin, while the accessibility of the west of Baise, the southwest of Hechi, and the junction of Yulin, Beihai and Qinzhou were poor; while the urban areas were better than rural areas. The medical accessibility of Guangxi residents was not equilibrium distribution, but spatial aggregation existed. Conclusion: The scarcity and waste of health resources were coexist in Guangxi. Through the accessibility value and the visual expression, it could intuitively acquire the actual situation of the accessibility of medical space for each residential area. By analyzing the fairness of accessibility, it could identify resource-rich areas(hot spots) and resource-short areas(cold spots). GIS technology had great potential in health resource allocation and health resource.
引文
[1]刘璇.基于可达性的医疗服务均等性评价与优化布局[D].武汉:武汉大学,2017.
[2] GUAGLIARDO M F. Spatial accessibility of primary care:concepts, methods and challenges[J]. International journal of health geographics, 2004, 3(1):3.
[3]白鸽,周奕男,付晨,等.基于引力法的医疗服务地理可及性可视化表达方法及实证研究[J].中国卫生资源,2016, 19(4):280-283,288.
[4]董惠玲,吴炳义,王媛媛,等.基于GIS的2014年山东省卫生资源配置空间分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(4):624-627.
[5]范俊杰,吴炳义,王怡,等.公共卫生资源配置的空间分析方法及意义探讨:以青岛市为例[J].中国卫生经济,2015,34(3):36-39.
[6]房琦,伍卫平,王立英,等.空间插值法在人群包虫病患病率预测中的应用[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2014,9(3):203-206.
[7]侯宁健,周蒙滔.城市公立大医院支援基层医疗的研究一以温州医科大学附属第一医院托管某县人民医院为例[J].医学与哲学(A),2014(8):65-67.
[8]国家卫计委.加强三级医院对口帮扶贫困县医院[J].医院管理论坛,2016(4):4.
[9]樊代明.加减乘除话医改[J].医学争鸣,2016,7(3):1-20.
[2] GUAGLIARDO M F. Spatial accessibility of primary care:concepts, methods and challenges[J]. International journal of health geographics, 2004, 3(1):3.
[3]白鸽,周奕男,付晨,等.基于引力法的医疗服务地理可及性可视化表达方法及实证研究[J].中国卫生资源,2016, 19(4):280-283,288.
[4]董惠玲,吴炳义,王媛媛,等.基于GIS的2014年山东省卫生资源配置空间分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(4):624-627.
[5]范俊杰,吴炳义,王怡,等.公共卫生资源配置的空间分析方法及意义探讨:以青岛市为例[J].中国卫生经济,2015,34(3):36-39.
[6]房琦,伍卫平,王立英,等.空间插值法在人群包虫病患病率预测中的应用[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2014,9(3):203-206.
[7]侯宁健,周蒙滔.城市公立大医院支援基层医疗的研究一以温州医科大学附属第一医院托管某县人民医院为例[J].医学与哲学(A),2014(8):65-67.
[8]国家卫计委.加强三级医院对口帮扶贫困县医院[J].医院管理论坛,2016(4):4.
[9]樊代明.加减乘除话医改[J].医学争鸣,2016,7(3):1-20.