名义封闭结构风致内压的试验研究（英文）
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摘要
目的:在确保模型气密性绝对良好的前提下,通过设置不同的背景泄漏,详细研究不同背景孔隙率和风向角下的平均和峰值内压水平,为工程结构抗风设计和规范修订提供指导和依据。创新点:首次探究了完全封闭结构的内压特征,并在此基础上系统研究了不同背景孔隙率和风向角下名义封闭结构的风致内压变化规律。方法:1.在静态空气中进行压力测试,获得完全封闭结构的内压特性(图6～9)。2.在完全封闭结构的表面开不同的孔隙;通过多参数风洞试验(图3和表1),获得名义封闭结构的平均和峰值风压变化特征(图14～18),并与中国建筑结构荷载规范(GB50009-2012)进行对比分析。结论:1.完全封闭结构的内压呈非平稳状态,长达9d的观察结果表明内压呈现一定的周期性。2.在均布背景孔隙下,平均内压系数仅在-0.15～-0.14范围内波动,且低于中国建筑结构荷载规范的取值-0.2。3.当峰值因子g取3.5时,最高负极值风压系数为-0.255,低于由规范计算得到的峰值内压系数-0.326。
The action of internal pressure cannot be neglected in wind-resistant design of large-span structures, high-rise buildings, and low-rise residential buildings. In this study, the internal pressure characteristics were first measured in still air in a completely closed building structure without any leakage. Then a series of wind tunnel tests were conducted to study the probability density distribution characteristics of the internal pressure responses in a nominally sealed building with background leakage. The mean and peak internal pressure responses associated with different background leakage distributions and wind directions were further investigated, and the experimental results were compared with those suggested by the Chinese wind load code GB50009-2012. The results indicated that the internal pressure in the completely closed building was non-stationary, and varied significantly when collected at different time points. Furthermore, a period of about 24 h was observed from the measured time history of internal pressure over 9 d. The internal pressure in a nominally sealed building structure nearly fitted a normal Gaussian distribution. When background leakage was uniformly arranged on the surface of the building, the mean internal pressure coefficient remained unchanged with increasing background leakage, varying within the range from-0.15 to-0.14, indicating lower magnitudes than the value of-0.2 suggested by the Chinese wind load code. The minimum negative peak internal pressure coefficient was-0.255 when the peak factor was 3.5, indicating a lower magnitude than the value of-0.326 calculated in the Chinese wind load code.
The action of internal pressure cannot be neglected in wind-resistant design of large-span structures, high-rise buildings, and low-rise residential buildings. In this study, the internal pressure characteristics were first measured in still air in a completely closed building structure without any leakage. Then a series of wind tunnel tests were conducted to study the probability density distribution characteristics of the internal pressure responses in a nominally sealed building with background leakage. The mean and peak internal pressure responses associated with different background leakage distributions and wind directions were further investigated, and the experimental results were compared with those suggested by the Chinese wind load code GB50009-2012. The results indicated that the internal pressure in the completely closed building was non-stationary, and varied significantly when collected at different time points. Furthermore, a period of about 24 h was observed from the measured time history of internal pressure over 9 d. The internal pressure in a nominally sealed building structure nearly fitted a normal Gaussian distribution. When background leakage was uniformly arranged on the surface of the building, the mean internal pressure coefficient remained unchanged with increasing background leakage, varying within the range from-0.15 to-0.14, indicating lower magnitudes than the value of-0.2 suggested by the Chinese wind load code. The minimum negative peak internal pressure coefficient was-0.255 when the peak factor was 3.5, indicating a lower magnitude than the value of-0.326 calculated in the Chinese wind load code.
引文
Ginger JD,Mehta KC,Yeatts BB,1997.Internal pressures in a low-rise full-scale building.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,72:163-174.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00241-9
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2011.Internal pressure dynamics of a leaky building with a dominant opening.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,99(11):1151-1161.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.09.002
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2013a.Dynamic wind load on an internal partition wall inside a compartmentalized building with an external dominant opening.Journal of Architectural Engineering,19(2):89-100.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000113
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2013b.Wind induced internal pressure overshoot in buildings with opening.Wind and Structures,16(1):1-23.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.1.001
Holmes JD,1979.Mean and fluctuating internal pressures induced by wind.Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Wind Engineering,p.435-450.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4832-8367-8.50046-2
Kopp GA,Oh JH,Inculet DR,2008.Wind-induced internal pressures in houses.Journal of Structural Engineering,134(7):1129-1138.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2008)134:7(1129)
MOHURD(Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China),2012.Load Code for the Design of Building Structures,GB50009-2012.National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(in Chinese).
Oh JH,Kopp GA,Inculet DR,2007.The UWO contribution to the NIST aerodynamic database for wind loads on low buildings:part 3.Internal pressures.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,95(8):755-779.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.007
Pan F,Cai CS,Zhang W,2013.Wind-induced internal pressures of buildings with multiple openings.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,139(3):376-385.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000464
Saathoff PJ,Liu H,1983.Internal pressure of multi-room buildings.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,109(3):908-919.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1983)109:3(908)
Sharma RN,Richards PJ,1997.Computational modelling in the prediction of building internal pressure gain functions.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,67-68:815-825.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00121-9
Stathopoulos T,Luchian HD,1989.Transient wind-induced internal pressures.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,115(7):1501-1514.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1989)115:7(1501)
Tecle AS,Bitsuamlak GT,Aly AM,2013.Internal pressure in a low-rise building with existing envelope openings and sudden breaching.Wind and Structures,16(1):25-46.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.1.025
Yu SC,2016.Wind tunnel study on vortex-induced Helmholtz resonance excited by oblique flow.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,74:207-219.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.12.008
Yu SC,Lou WJ,Sun BN,2006.Wind-induced internal pressure fluctuations of structure with single windward opening.Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A,7(3):415-423.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0415
Yu SC,Lou WJ,Sun BN,2008.Wind-induced internal pressure response for structure with single windward opening and background leakage.Journal of Zhejiang UniversitySCIENCE A,9(3):313-321.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a071271
Yu XF,Quan Y,Gu M,2012.Responses of wind-induced internal pressure in a two-compartment building with a dominant opening and background porosity part 1:theoretical formulation and experimental verification.Journal of Central South University,19(10):2940-2948.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1362-1
Yu XF,Gu M,Xie ZN,2019.Linearized analysis of the internal pressures for a two-compartment building with leakage.Wind and Structures,28(2):89-97.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2019.28.2.089
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2011.Internal pressure dynamics of a leaky building with a dominant opening.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,99(11):1151-1161.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2011.09.002
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2013a.Dynamic wind load on an internal partition wall inside a compartmentalized building with an external dominant opening.Journal of Architectural Engineering,19(2):89-100.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AE.1943-5568.0000113
Guha TK,Sharma RN,Richards PJ,2013b.Wind induced internal pressure overshoot in buildings with opening.Wind and Structures,16(1):1-23.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.1.001
Holmes JD,1979.Mean and fluctuating internal pressures induced by wind.Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Wind Engineering,p.435-450.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4832-8367-8.50046-2
Kopp GA,Oh JH,Inculet DR,2008.Wind-induced internal pressures in houses.Journal of Structural Engineering,134(7):1129-1138.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2008)134:7(1129)
MOHURD(Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People’s Republic of China),2012.Load Code for the Design of Building Structures,GB50009-2012.National Standards of the People’s Republic of China(in Chinese).
Oh JH,Kopp GA,Inculet DR,2007.The UWO contribution to the NIST aerodynamic database for wind loads on low buildings:part 3.Internal pressures.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,95(8):755-779.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.007
Pan F,Cai CS,Zhang W,2013.Wind-induced internal pressures of buildings with multiple openings.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,139(3):376-385.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000464
Saathoff PJ,Liu H,1983.Internal pressure of multi-room buildings.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,109(3):908-919.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1983)109:3(908)
Sharma RN,Richards PJ,1997.Computational modelling in the prediction of building internal pressure gain functions.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,67-68:815-825.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00121-9
Stathopoulos T,Luchian HD,1989.Transient wind-induced internal pressures.Journal of Engineering Mechanics,115(7):1501-1514.https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1989)115:7(1501)
Tecle AS,Bitsuamlak GT,Aly AM,2013.Internal pressure in a low-rise building with existing envelope openings and sudden breaching.Wind and Structures,16(1):25-46.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.1.025
Yu SC,2016.Wind tunnel study on vortex-induced Helmholtz resonance excited by oblique flow.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,74:207-219.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.12.008
Yu SC,Lou WJ,Sun BN,2006.Wind-induced internal pressure fluctuations of structure with single windward opening.Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A,7(3):415-423.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2006.A0415
Yu SC,Lou WJ,Sun BN,2008.Wind-induced internal pressure response for structure with single windward opening and background leakage.Journal of Zhejiang UniversitySCIENCE A,9(3):313-321.https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.a071271
Yu XF,Quan Y,Gu M,2012.Responses of wind-induced internal pressure in a two-compartment building with a dominant opening and background porosity part 1:theoretical formulation and experimental verification.Journal of Central South University,19(10):2940-2948.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1362-1
Yu XF,Gu M,Xie ZN,2019.Linearized analysis of the internal pressures for a two-compartment building with leakage.Wind and Structures,28(2):89-97.https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2019.28.2.089