锡林河流域羊草草原植被分异的驱动力
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摘要
植被与环境关系是群落生态学研究重要内容,阐明气候与放牧共同作用下草原植被分异,量化解析自然与人为干扰因子的影响具有理论与实践价值。本研究以锡林河流域羊草草原为例,采用除趋势典范对应分析法(detrended canonical correspondence analysis,DCCA)和结构方程模型(structural equation modeling,SEM),定量研究气候、海拔、土壤及放牧因子对羊草群落分异的作用。结果表明,1)DCCA前两个排序轴集中了67.63%的信息量,第1排序轴反映了放牧和水热因子的作用,第2排序轴为土壤养分的影响;2)结构方程模型分析发现,羊密度对植被分异的总影响最大,其次为气候因子;3)气候、海拔和放牧因子对植被分异也有间接作用,主要途径是影响土壤理化性质。本研究明晰了放牧与气候是主导锡林河流域羊草草原群落分异的关键因子,深入揭示了气候因子在局地尺度所发挥的作用。在草地管理实践中,结合气候特征制定具体措施,有助于促进草地资源的合理利用与保护。
The relationship between vegetation and the environment is a key issue in community ecology.There are theoretical and practical reasons to clarify grassland vegetation differentiation under the coupled effects of climate variables and grazing pressure,and to quantify the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on vegetation processes.In this study,we quantitatively explored the effects of climate,altitude,soil,and grazing factors on Leymus chinensis community differentiation in the Xilin River Basin using a detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA) and structural equation modeling(SEM).Our results can be summarized as follows:(1) The first two axes of the DCCA explained more than 67.63% of the variability; the first axis captured mainly the variance caused by grazing and thermalhydrological conditions,while the second axis captured the variance caused by soil variables;(2) The results of the SEM indicated that sheep density had the largest total impact on vegetation differentiation,followed by climate variables;(3) We detected indirect effects of climate,altitude,and grazing on vegetation differentiation,manifested mainly by changes in soil physical and chemical properties.This work clarified the key role of grazing on L.chinensis community differentiation in the Xilin River Basin,and also revealed the importance of climatic factors in vegetation differentiation on the basin scale.Therefore,these findings will be useful to design grassland management strategies that take into account climate characteristics for the rational use and protection of grassland resources.
The relationship between vegetation and the environment is a key issue in community ecology.There are theoretical and practical reasons to clarify grassland vegetation differentiation under the coupled effects of climate variables and grazing pressure,and to quantify the effects of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on vegetation processes.In this study,we quantitatively explored the effects of climate,altitude,soil,and grazing factors on Leymus chinensis community differentiation in the Xilin River Basin using a detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA) and structural equation modeling(SEM).Our results can be summarized as follows:(1) The first two axes of the DCCA explained more than 67.63% of the variability; the first axis captured mainly the variance caused by grazing and thermalhydrological conditions,while the second axis captured the variance caused by soil variables;(2) The results of the SEM indicated that sheep density had the largest total impact on vegetation differentiation,followed by climate variables;(3) We detected indirect effects of climate,altitude,and grazing on vegetation differentiation,manifested mainly by changes in soil physical and chemical properties.This work clarified the key role of grazing on L.chinensis community differentiation in the Xilin River Basin,and also revealed the importance of climatic factors in vegetation differentiation on the basin scale.Therefore,these findings will be useful to design grassland management strategies that take into account climate characteristics for the rational use and protection of grassland resources.
引文
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