美国公立大学科技创新举措对我国高等教育科技创新的启示
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摘要
随着知识经济的到来,大学承担了越来越多的科技创新任务,日益成为国家创新体系中的中坚力量。作为科技创新的代表,美国公立大学在美国科技创新的过程中做出了许多有益的尝试和探索,取得了许多有益的经验:州政府帮助大学建立巨型科技研发中心;州立大学积极推动科技创新成果产业化;大学内部实行教授终身制等。这些成功的经验,对我国高等教育科技创新无疑具有一定的启示作用。
With the coming of knowledge economy,universities have undertaken more and more scientific and technological innovation tasks,and have become the backbone of the national innovation system.As representatives of scientific and technological innovation,American public universities have made a lot of useful attempts and explorations in the process of scientific and technological innovation in the United States and gained useful experience,such as under the help of the state governments,universities have set up giant technological research centers,the state universities have actively promoted the industrialization of scientific and technological innovation achievements,and professor tenure has been implemented within universities.These successful measures are of great significance to the innovation of scientific research in our country.
With the coming of knowledge economy,universities have undertaken more and more scientific and technological innovation tasks,and have become the backbone of the national innovation system.As representatives of scientific and technological innovation,American public universities have made a lot of useful attempts and explorations in the process of scientific and technological innovation in the United States and gained useful experience,such as under the help of the state governments,universities have set up giant technological research centers,the state universities have actively promoted the industrialization of scientific and technological innovation achievements,and professor tenure has been implemented within universities.These successful measures are of great significance to the innovation of scientific research in our country.
引文
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[3]Tom Coupe.Science Is Golden:Academic R&D and University Patents[J].Journal of Technology Transfer,2003,(28).
[4]Mowery C,R Nelson,N Sampat,A Ziedonis.The growth of patenting and licensing by U.S.universities of the effects of the Bayh-Dole act of 1980[J].Research Policy.2001,(30).
[5]美国公立大学科研创新的特征与启示[J].第三届科技政策与管理学术研讨会暨第二届科教发展战略论坛,2007,(4).
[6]University of Minnesota Start-up Guide,Office for Technology Commercialization(OTC),Venture Center[EB/OL].http://www.reseach.umn.edu/techcomm/documents/Venture Center Start-up Guide.pdf,2012-03-15.
[7]杨珂.加速科技转化,推进高校和社会经济发展——美国宾夕法尼亚大学的经验[J].比较教育研究,2008,(8).
[8]National Council of University Research Administration[EB/QL].http://www.ncura.edu/Education.aspx,2015-08-01.
[9]杨登才,朱相宇,韩宇.面向协同创新的高校科研管理机制之国际比较与借鉴[J].北京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2016,(1).