指数施肥对美国山核桃幼苗根系形态的影响
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摘要
为探究施肥对美国山核桃幼苗根系形态的影响和适宜施氮量,以1年生美国山核桃实生苗为试验材料,运用指数施肥法,探讨不同施氮量对美国山核桃根系形态(根长、根表面积、根体积、根生物量和比根长)的影响。结果表明:(1)美国山核桃根系形态指标随着施氮量的增加呈现递减趋势,N100处理的所有指标取得最大值;N100处理的总根长、根表面积、根体积、根生物量分别达到(4 882±356)cm、(830±66)cm2、(12.29±0.19)cm3、(3.84±0.11)g,分别为对照组的1.53、1.55、1.79、1.59倍。(2)美国山核桃幼苗比根长随着施氮量的增加而减小。(3)最有利于美国山核桃幼苗根系生长的施氮量为100~200 mg·株-1。
An exponential fertilization trail was conducted to assess the effects on different nitrogen levels on the root morphology(root length,root surface area an,root volume and root biomass) of pecan seedlings. The results show:(1) The root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass of pecan seedlings were decreased with the increase of N supply.Effect of N total 100 mg for a plant was best to pecan seedlings,by the end of the study,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass of pecan seedlings were( 4 882±356) cm,( 830±66) cm2,(12.29±0.19)cm3,(3.84±0.11)g,which were 1.53,1.55,1.79,and 1.59 times of the CK treatment,respectively.( 2) The specific root length of the pecan seedlings was decreased with the increase of the amount of nitrogen.( 3) The fertilization rate of 100-200 mg for a plant was best to the growth of root morphology of pecan seedling.
An exponential fertilization trail was conducted to assess the effects on different nitrogen levels on the root morphology(root length,root surface area an,root volume and root biomass) of pecan seedlings. The results show:(1) The root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass of pecan seedlings were decreased with the increase of N supply.Effect of N total 100 mg for a plant was best to pecan seedlings,by the end of the study,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root biomass of pecan seedlings were( 4 882±356) cm,( 830±66) cm2,(12.29±0.19)cm3,(3.84±0.11)g,which were 1.53,1.55,1.79,and 1.59 times of the CK treatment,respectively.( 2) The specific root length of the pecan seedlings was decreased with the increase of the amount of nitrogen.( 3) The fertilization rate of 100-200 mg for a plant was best to the growth of root morphology of pecan seedling.
引文
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[17]黄高宝,张恩和,胡恒觉.不同玉米品种氮素营养效率差异的生态生理机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(3):293-297.
[2]宋维峰,陈丽华,刘秀萍.林木根系固土的理论基础[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(6):180-186.
[3]徐少君,类淑桐,曾波.三峡库区4种库岸边坡的植被根系固土效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(2):119-123,131.
[4]王力朋,晏紫伊,李吉跃,等.指数施肥对楸树无性系生物量分配和根系形态的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(23):7452-7462.
[5]赵靖明.水土保持经济树种薄壳山核桃的耐盐性及耐水性评价研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2013.
[6]常君.美国山核桃苗木根系生长规律研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008.
[7]TORSTENINGESTAD,ANN-BRITT LUND.Theory and techniques for steady state mineral nutrition and growth of plants[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1986,1(1/2/3/4):439-453.
[8]TIMMER V R,MUNSON A D.Site-specific growth and nutrition of planted Piceamariana in the Ontario clay belt.IV Nitrogen-loading response[J].Canada Journal of Forestry Research,1991,20(8):1165-1171.
[9]刘雪梅,金晓玲,伍江波,等.苗木氮素指数施肥的研究现状及应用前景[J].中国土壤与肥料,2014(5):1-4,26.
[10]HAWKINS B J,BURGESS D,MITCHELL A K.Growth and nutrient dynamics of western hemlock with conventional or exponential greenhouse fertilization and planting in different fertility conditions[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2005,35(4):1002-1016.
[11]DUMROESE R,PAGE-DUMROESE D,BROWN R.Allometry,nitrogen status,and carbon stable isotope composition of Pinus ponderosa seedlings in two growing media with contrasting nursery irrigation regimes[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2011,41(51):1091-1101.
[12]王冉,李吉跃,张方秋,等.不同施肥方法对马来沉香和土沉香苗期根系生长的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(1):98-106.
[13]张岁歧,山仑.氮素营养对春小麦抗旱适应性及水分利用的影响[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(1):31-35+55.
[14]何茜,丁晓纲,李吉跃,等.指数施肥下黑木相思根系特征值的动态变化[J].广东林业科技,2011,27(5):1-6.
[15]HODGE A.The plastic plant:root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients[J].New Phytologist,2004,162(1):9-24.
[16]张彦东,范志强,王庆成,等.不同形态N素对水曲柳幼苗生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2000,11(5):665-667.
[17]黄高宝,张恩和,胡恒觉.不同玉米品种氮素营养效率差异的生态生理机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2001,7(3):293-297.