旅游扶贫背景下的中国南部乡村居民幸福度主观评价研究
|
摘要
在旅游扶贫的背景下,乡村居民的生活发生了很大的改变,但是村民的幸福度研究一直处于空白。越来越多的游客来乡村旅游的同时,虽然增加了村民的收入,但也打扰了村民的生活。巨大的贫富差距、生活习惯的冲突、原始乡村环境的破坏,对乡村居民的"幸福度"有着怎样的影响呢?村民的幸福度是由哪些因素决定的呢?为研究旅游扶贫背景下乡村居民幸福度的主观评价,找到影响幸福感的主要因素,选取了旅游扶贫效果相对显著的中国南部广东省的乡村作为研究案例地。通过"大学生广东乡村调研"实地访查收到503份有效文件,建立了村民幸福度的自动线性模型,得到了影响居民幸福感主要因素是邻里关系、住房情况、睡眠质量等有价值的结论,并进一步通过交叉表分析、相关分析对不同的群体的幸福度评价作出了解释说明。
Thanks to efforts made to alleviate tourism poverty, the life of rural residents has changed greatly,but there is little research that touches upon the issue of villagers' well-being. Increasing numbers of tourists are coming to the countryside, which helps improve the income of the villagers, but also disturbs their lives. There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor, the conflict of their living habits, the destruction of the original rural environment, and the rural residents themselves. What is the impact of 'well-being'? What factors determine the wellbeing of the villagers? In order to undertake a subjective evaluation of the well-being of rural residents in the context of tourism poverty alleviation, and to identify the main factors affecting well-being, the rural area of Guangdong Province in southern China was chosen for a research case on the relatively significant effects of tourism poverty alleviation. Through field interviews for 'College Students investigate and survey in Guangdong Rural Areas', 503 valid documents were received, and an automatic linear model of village well-being was established. The main factors affecting residents' well-being include their neighborhood, housing situation and sleep quality. Further explanations of the well-being of different groups were provided by conducting cross-tab and correlation analyses.
Thanks to efforts made to alleviate tourism poverty, the life of rural residents has changed greatly,but there is little research that touches upon the issue of villagers' well-being. Increasing numbers of tourists are coming to the countryside, which helps improve the income of the villagers, but also disturbs their lives. There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor, the conflict of their living habits, the destruction of the original rural environment, and the rural residents themselves. What is the impact of 'well-being'? What factors determine the wellbeing of the villagers? In order to undertake a subjective evaluation of the well-being of rural residents in the context of tourism poverty alleviation, and to identify the main factors affecting well-being, the rural area of Guangdong Province in southern China was chosen for a research case on the relatively significant effects of tourism poverty alleviation. Through field interviews for 'College Students investigate and survey in Guangdong Rural Areas', 503 valid documents were received, and an automatic linear model of village well-being was established. The main factors affecting residents' well-being include their neighborhood, housing situation and sleep quality. Further explanations of the well-being of different groups were provided by conducting cross-tab and correlation analyses.
引文
[1]桂拉旦,唐唯.文旅融合型乡村旅游精准扶贫模式研究-以广东林寨古村落为例[J].西北人口,2016,37(2):64-68.
[2]Ren W H,Wang Q,Ji J Y.Research on China's marine economic growth pattern:An empirical analysis of China's eleven coastal regions[J].Marine Policy,2018(87):158-166.
[3]李国平.基于政策实践的广东立体化旅游扶贫模式探析[J].旅游学刊,2004(5):56-60.
[4]Ryff C D,Keyes C M.The structure of psychological well-being revisited[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1995,69(4):719-727
[5]Christina Chi G Q,Cai R Y,Li Y F.Factors influencing residents'subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites[J].Tourism Management,2017(63):209-222.
[6]Maike L.Using Big Data to study subjective wellbeing[J].Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences,2017(18):28-33.
[7]Christopher L,Ambrey,Christopher M,et al.The causal effect of income on life satisfaction and the implications for valuing non-market goods[J].Economics Letters,2014,123(2):131-134.
[8]Cai S,Albert P.Permanent income and subjective wellbeing[J].Journal of Economic Behavior&Organization,2016(130):298-319.
[9]Gwyther R,Graciela T,Claudia M,et al.Urban-rural variations in children's lives and subjective wellbeing:A comparative analysis of four countries[J].Children and Youth Services Review,2017(80):41-51.
[10]Peng N,Alfonso S P.Commute time and subjective well-being in urban China[J].China Economic Review,2018(48):188-204.
[11]Goerke L,Pannenberg M.Direct evidence for income comparisons and subjective well-being across reference groups[J].Economics Letters,2015(137):95-101.
[12]Heinz W,Jan K.Income comparison,income formation,and subjective well-being:New evidence on envy versus signaling[J].Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics,2015(59):21-31.
[13]罗楚亮.绝对收入、相对收入与主观幸福感-来自中国城乡住户调查数据的经验分析[J].财经研究,2009,35(11):79-91.
[14]NiazAsadullah M,Xiao S Z,Emile Y.Subjective well-being in China,2005-2010:The role of relative income,gender and location[J].China Economic Review,2018(48):83-101.
[15]Richard A,Easterlin.Life Cycle Happiness and Its Sources:Intersection of Psychology,Economics and Demography[J].Journal of Economic Psychology,2006,27(4):463-482.
[16]Diener E.Subjective wellbeing[J].Psychological Bulletin,1984,95(3):542-575.
[17]Tomás J M,Gutiérrez M,Sanchoc I P,et al.Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS)by gender and age in Angola[J].Personality and Individual Differences,2015(85):182-186.
[18]Alana G,Kathryn C,Deborah R.Are rural residents happier?A quantitative analysis of subjective wellbeing in Scotland[J].Journal of Rural Studies,2016(44):37-45.
[19]Tiina L,Simo N,Arja R,et al.Health and well-being of movers in rural and urban areas-A grid-based analysis of northern Finland birth cohort 1966[J].Social Science&Medicine,2013(76):169-178.
[20]Mathew P W,Sabine P,Benedict W W,et al.Natural environments and subjective wellbeing:Different types of exposure are associated with different aspects of wellbeing[J].Health&Place,2017(45):77-84.
[21]Chunping H.Explaining the subjective well-being of urban and rural Chinese:Income,personal concerns,and societal evaluations[J].Social Science Research,2015(49):179-190.
[22]Kostas M.Built environment and social well-being:How does urban form affect social life and personal relationships?[J].Cities,2018(74):7-20.
[23]Christina M,Ana V D R,Jeffrey D M.Neighborhood stressors and social support as predictors of depressive symptoms in the Chicago Community Adult Health Study[J].Health&Place,2010,16(5):811-819.
[24]Yang X L,Sun H,Yang Q T,et al.Revelation of Rural System of Medical Services in BRICS to China[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2015,22(1):91-96.
[25]韩俊江,王胜子.试论我国农村医疗卫生服务体系的完善[J].东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版),2015(2):72-76.
[26]Zhang M,Wu W P,Zhong W J,et al.The reshaping of social relations:Resettled rural residents in Zhenjiang,China[J].Cities,2017(60):495-503.
[27]Zhu Y.Toward community engagement:Can the built environment help?Grassroots participation and communal space in Chinese urban communities[J].Habitat International,2015(46):44-53.
[28]Zhang Z,Zhang J X.Perceived residential environment of neighborhood and subjective well-being among the elderly in China:A mediating role of sense of community[J].Journal of Environmental Psychology,2017(51):82-94.
[29]Bjornstrom E S,Ralston M L.Neighborhood built environment,perceived danger,and perceived social cohesion[J].Environment and Behavior,2014,46(6):718-744.
[30]Zhang F,Zhang C Y,John Hudson.Housing conditions and life satisfaction in urban China Cities[M].In press,2018.
[31]Carmen Stoica.Sleep,A Predictor of Subjective Wellbeing Procedia[J].Social and Behavioral Sciences,2015,187(13):443-447.
[32]Liu Z Q,Shang Q Y.Individual well-being in urban China:The role of income expectations[J].China Economic Review,2012,23(4):833-849.
[2]Ren W H,Wang Q,Ji J Y.Research on China's marine economic growth pattern:An empirical analysis of China's eleven coastal regions[J].Marine Policy,2018(87):158-166.
[3]李国平.基于政策实践的广东立体化旅游扶贫模式探析[J].旅游学刊,2004(5):56-60.
[4]Ryff C D,Keyes C M.The structure of psychological well-being revisited[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1995,69(4):719-727
[5]Christina Chi G Q,Cai R Y,Li Y F.Factors influencing residents'subjective well-being at World Heritage Sites[J].Tourism Management,2017(63):209-222.
[6]Maike L.Using Big Data to study subjective wellbeing[J].Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences,2017(18):28-33.
[7]Christopher L,Ambrey,Christopher M,et al.The causal effect of income on life satisfaction and the implications for valuing non-market goods[J].Economics Letters,2014,123(2):131-134.
[8]Cai S,Albert P.Permanent income and subjective wellbeing[J].Journal of Economic Behavior&Organization,2016(130):298-319.
[9]Gwyther R,Graciela T,Claudia M,et al.Urban-rural variations in children's lives and subjective wellbeing:A comparative analysis of four countries[J].Children and Youth Services Review,2017(80):41-51.
[10]Peng N,Alfonso S P.Commute time and subjective well-being in urban China[J].China Economic Review,2018(48):188-204.
[11]Goerke L,Pannenberg M.Direct evidence for income comparisons and subjective well-being across reference groups[J].Economics Letters,2015(137):95-101.
[12]Heinz W,Jan K.Income comparison,income formation,and subjective well-being:New evidence on envy versus signaling[J].Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics,2015(59):21-31.
[13]罗楚亮.绝对收入、相对收入与主观幸福感-来自中国城乡住户调查数据的经验分析[J].财经研究,2009,35(11):79-91.
[14]NiazAsadullah M,Xiao S Z,Emile Y.Subjective well-being in China,2005-2010:The role of relative income,gender and location[J].China Economic Review,2018(48):83-101.
[15]Richard A,Easterlin.Life Cycle Happiness and Its Sources:Intersection of Psychology,Economics and Demography[J].Journal of Economic Psychology,2006,27(4):463-482.
[16]Diener E.Subjective wellbeing[J].Psychological Bulletin,1984,95(3):542-575.
[17]Tomás J M,Gutiérrez M,Sanchoc I P,et al.Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale(SWLS)by gender and age in Angola[J].Personality and Individual Differences,2015(85):182-186.
[18]Alana G,Kathryn C,Deborah R.Are rural residents happier?A quantitative analysis of subjective wellbeing in Scotland[J].Journal of Rural Studies,2016(44):37-45.
[19]Tiina L,Simo N,Arja R,et al.Health and well-being of movers in rural and urban areas-A grid-based analysis of northern Finland birth cohort 1966[J].Social Science&Medicine,2013(76):169-178.
[20]Mathew P W,Sabine P,Benedict W W,et al.Natural environments and subjective wellbeing:Different types of exposure are associated with different aspects of wellbeing[J].Health&Place,2017(45):77-84.
[21]Chunping H.Explaining the subjective well-being of urban and rural Chinese:Income,personal concerns,and societal evaluations[J].Social Science Research,2015(49):179-190.
[22]Kostas M.Built environment and social well-being:How does urban form affect social life and personal relationships?[J].Cities,2018(74):7-20.
[23]Christina M,Ana V D R,Jeffrey D M.Neighborhood stressors and social support as predictors of depressive symptoms in the Chicago Community Adult Health Study[J].Health&Place,2010,16(5):811-819.
[24]Yang X L,Sun H,Yang Q T,et al.Revelation of Rural System of Medical Services in BRICS to China[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2015,22(1):91-96.
[25]韩俊江,王胜子.试论我国农村医疗卫生服务体系的完善[J].东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版),2015(2):72-76.
[26]Zhang M,Wu W P,Zhong W J,et al.The reshaping of social relations:Resettled rural residents in Zhenjiang,China[J].Cities,2017(60):495-503.
[27]Zhu Y.Toward community engagement:Can the built environment help?Grassroots participation and communal space in Chinese urban communities[J].Habitat International,2015(46):44-53.
[28]Zhang Z,Zhang J X.Perceived residential environment of neighborhood and subjective well-being among the elderly in China:A mediating role of sense of community[J].Journal of Environmental Psychology,2017(51):82-94.
[29]Bjornstrom E S,Ralston M L.Neighborhood built environment,perceived danger,and perceived social cohesion[J].Environment and Behavior,2014,46(6):718-744.
[30]Zhang F,Zhang C Y,John Hudson.Housing conditions and life satisfaction in urban China Cities[M].In press,2018.
[31]Carmen Stoica.Sleep,A Predictor of Subjective Wellbeing Procedia[J].Social and Behavioral Sciences,2015,187(13):443-447.
[32]Liu Z Q,Shang Q Y.Individual well-being in urban China:The role of income expectations[J].China Economic Review,2012,23(4):833-849.