上海市松江区小学生跌倒伤害的影响因素调查
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摘要
目的了解松江区小学生跌倒伤害发生现状,探讨小学生跌倒伤害的影响因素。方法采用整群抽样和系统抽样方法,抽取松江区4家小学4 880名小学生为研究对象,调查小学生跌倒发生现状及影响因素。结果松江区小学生跌倒伤害发生率为7.97%。影响小学生跌倒伤害发生的危险因素为运动时未佩戴护具(OR=2.148,95%CI:1.044~4.422)、不留意警示牌(OR=1.858,95%CI:1.151~2.999)、小区无警示标志(OR=1.393,95%CI:1.117~1.738);保护因素为女生(OR=0.760,95%CI:0.614~0.940)、家庭收入较高(OR=0.675,95%CI:0.511~0.892)、住所无致跌因素(OR=0.759,95%CI:0.603~0.957)。结论跌倒伤害严重影响松江区小学生健康,给家庭、社会带来沉重负担。应针对小学生跌倒伤害影响因素及早开展干预控制。
Objective To investigate the situation of pupils falling injury in Songjiang District,and explore the influencing factors. Methods Cluster sampling method and systematic sampling method were used to select 4880 pupils from 4 primary schools in Songjiang District; the situation and the influencing factors of pupils falling injury were surveyed. Results The incidence rate of pupils falling injury in primary schools of Songjiang District was 7. 97%. The risk factors of pupils falling injury were exercising without protective clothing( OR = 2. 148,95% CI: 1. 044 ~ 4. 422),ignoring warning signs( OR = 1. 858,95% CI: 1. 151 ~ 2. 999) and no warning signs set up in community( OR = 1. 393,95% CI:1. 117 ~ 1. 738); and protective factors were female( OR = 0. 760,95% CI: 0. 614 ~ 0. 940),higher household income( OR = 0. 675,95% CI: 0. 511 ~ 0. 892),no falling injury causes in house( OR = 0. 759,95% CI: 0. 603 ~ 0. 957). Conclusion Falling injury severely affects pupils ' health in Songjiang District,which brings heavy burden to both family and society. Intervention and control of pupils falling injury should be done as soon as possible in relation to the influencing factors.
Objective To investigate the situation of pupils falling injury in Songjiang District,and explore the influencing factors. Methods Cluster sampling method and systematic sampling method were used to select 4880 pupils from 4 primary schools in Songjiang District; the situation and the influencing factors of pupils falling injury were surveyed. Results The incidence rate of pupils falling injury in primary schools of Songjiang District was 7. 97%. The risk factors of pupils falling injury were exercising without protective clothing( OR = 2. 148,95% CI: 1. 044 ~ 4. 422),ignoring warning signs( OR = 1. 858,95% CI: 1. 151 ~ 2. 999) and no warning signs set up in community( OR = 1. 393,95% CI:1. 117 ~ 1. 738); and protective factors were female( OR = 0. 760,95% CI: 0. 614 ~ 0. 940),higher household income( OR = 0. 675,95% CI: 0. 511 ~ 0. 892),no falling injury causes in house( OR = 0. 759,95% CI: 0. 603 ~ 0. 957). Conclusion Falling injury severely affects pupils ' health in Songjiang District,which brings heavy burden to both family and society. Intervention and control of pupils falling injury should be done as soon as possible in relation to the influencing factors.
引文
[1]World Health Organization.Key facts[EB/OL].(2016-09-11)[2016-12-20].http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/.
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[4]王晓莉,张龙,马芳,等.宁夏银川市儿童伤害流行病学特征分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(4):430-433.
[5]陶希,向兵,李妍,等.建始县农村学龄儿童跌落伤现况及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(11):1198-1201.
[6]李延红,仲伟鉴,王春芳,等.上海市居民跌倒伤害的流行特征[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(11):834-840.
[7]彭中华,王虹,史勇萍,等.深圳市托幼机构儿童伤害流行状况与家居环境影响因素研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(36):6569-6571.
[8]ORDONANA J R,CASPI A,MOFFITT T E.Unintentional injuries in a twin study of preschool children:environmental,not genetic,risk factors[J].J Pediatr Psychol,2008,33(2):185-194.
[2]派登(美).世界预防儿童伤害报告[M].段蕾蕾,译.北京:人民军医出版社,2012.
[3]MORRONGIELLO B A,ZDZIEBORSKI D,NORMAND J.Understanding gender differences in children's risk taking and injury:a comparison of mothers’and fathers’reactions to sons and daughters misbehaving in ways that lead to injury[J].J Appl Dev Psychol,2010,31(4):322-329.
[4]王晓莉,张龙,马芳,等.宁夏银川市儿童伤害流行病学特征分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(4):430-433.
[5]陶希,向兵,李妍,等.建始县农村学龄儿童跌落伤现况及影响因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(11):1198-1201.
[6]李延红,仲伟鉴,王春芳,等.上海市居民跌倒伤害的流行特征[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(11):834-840.
[7]彭中华,王虹,史勇萍,等.深圳市托幼机构儿童伤害流行状况与家居环境影响因素研究[J].中国妇幼保健,2015,30(36):6569-6571.
[8]ORDONANA J R,CASPI A,MOFFITT T E.Unintentional injuries in a twin study of preschool children:environmental,not genetic,risk factors[J].J Pediatr Psychol,2008,33(2):185-194.