冷热互联系统研究及其能效计算准则讨论
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摘要
随着节能减排的不断深入和能源效率的逐步提高,同时利用冷量和热量的冷热互联系统将得到进一步的推广应用。与传统的制冷系统和制热系统的能效计算相比,冷热互联系统能综合利用冷热两部分的能量,原来单独冷、热量的能效计算法则是否适用于新的系统需要重新考虑。本文构建了复叠机组和热泵机组互联(A系统)、以及常规制冷机组和热泵互联(B系统)两种冷热互联系统,提出了3种能效计算方式,通过具体实验操作和分析给出了3种系统的COP计算方式和结果,其中第3种计算方法综合考虑了制冷系统制冷量和热泵系统制热量作为收益,将整个系统的轴功率看作补偿能量,最为合理。
With the deepening of energy conservation and emission reduction,the improvement of energy efficiency,integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating is bound to be further promoted and applied. Compared with traditional refrigeration system and heating system,the integrated system can comprehensively utilize the energy of both cold and heat. Therefore,whether the calculation of the energy efficiency of individual cold and heat is still applicable to the new system. In this paper,two kinds of integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating of integrated system A with cascade unit and heat pump,and integrated system B with conventional refrigeration unit and heat pump are constructed,and three methods of energy efficiency calculation are proposed. Through specific experiments,three coefficients of performance(COP) calculation methods and results are given for discussion and analysis within the industry. Among them,the third calculation method take into account the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and the heating of the heat pump system,and the shaft power of the whole system is regarded as the compensation energy,it is the most reasonable method.
With the deepening of energy conservation and emission reduction,the improvement of energy efficiency,integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating is bound to be further promoted and applied. Compared with traditional refrigeration system and heating system,the integrated system can comprehensively utilize the energy of both cold and heat. Therefore,whether the calculation of the energy efficiency of individual cold and heat is still applicable to the new system. In this paper,two kinds of integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating of integrated system A with cascade unit and heat pump,and integrated system B with conventional refrigeration unit and heat pump are constructed,and three methods of energy efficiency calculation are proposed. Through specific experiments,three coefficients of performance(COP) calculation methods and results are given for discussion and analysis within the industry. Among them,the third calculation method take into account the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and the heating of the heat pump system,and the shaft power of the whole system is regarded as the compensation energy,it is the most reasonable method.
引文
[1]田磊,史琳,吴静,等.基于再生水源热泵的城市污水处理厂冷热联供系统[J].制冷学报,2010,31(6):1-5.(TIAN Lei,SHI Lin,WU Jing,et al.Combined heating and cooling system with reclaimed water source heat pump[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2010,31(6):1-5.)
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[7]李军,吴一波.氨螺杆式高温热泵的应用范围分析[J].制冷与空调(北京),2017,17(2):1-4.(LI Jun,WU Yibo.Analysis on application range of ammonia screw high-temperature heat pump[J].Refrigeration and Airconditioning,2017,17(2):1-4.)
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[9]吴正业,朱瑞琪,厉彦忠,等.制冷与低温技术原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.(WU Yezheng,ZHU Ruiqi,LI Yanzhong,et al.The principle of refrigeration and cryogenic technology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2004.)
[10]王炳明,李建风,吴华根,等.NH3/CO2复叠制冷系统中CO2螺杆压缩机的研发[J].流体机械,2009,37(3):16-18.(WANG Bingming,LI Jianfeng,WU Huagen,et al.Development of twin screw CO2compressor for NH3/CO2cascade refrigeration system[J].Fluid Machinery,2009,37(3):16-18.)
[11]HUANG Tao,YUAN Dongli.Application of heat pump water heating system with heat recovery in ammonia refrigeration system[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,614/615:670-673.
[12]牛俊皓,吴华根,曹峰,等.新型宽温区高效制冷供热耦合集成系统的开发[J].制冷与空调(北京),2017,17(3):1-3.(NIU Junhao,WU Huagen,CAO Feng,et al.Development of the energy-efficient integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating used in wide temperature range[J].Refrigeration and Air-conditioning,2017,17(3):1-3.)
[13]SHAN Shiquan,LI Yuan.New Integrated solar system of refrigeration and heating with hot water for building and model analysis[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2016(2):105-109.
[14]江明旒,吴静怡,王如竹,等.多功能热泵机组的能效评价指标研究[J].制冷学报,2011,32(5):6-11.(JIANG Mingliu,WU Jingyi,WANG Ruzhu,et al.Research on efficiency evaluation of multi-functional heat pump[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2011,32(5):6-11.)
[2]ZHAO Zhaorui,XING Ziwen,HOU Feng,et al.Theoretical and experimental investigation of a novel high temperature heat pump system for recovering heat from refrigeration system[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,107:758-767.
[3]POLZOT A,DIPASQUALE C,D'AGARO P,et al.Energy benefit assessment of a water loop heat pump system integrated with a CO2commercial refrigeration unit[J].Energy Procedia,2007,123:36-45.
[4]SINGH S,DASGUPTA M S.CO2heat pump for waste heat recovery and utilization in dairy industry with ammonia based refrigeration[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,78:108-120.
[5]李树平,王文.吸附式制冷热泵及其在冷热电联供系统应用的能源利用分析[J].山东电力技术,2001(5):12-14.(LI Shuping,WANG Wen.Comprehensive analysis of adsorption heat pump and its application on co-generation system of cooling heating and electricity supplying[J].Shandong Electric Power,2001(5):12-14.)
[6]刘雄,姜乔乔,刘珂,等.同时供冷供热的双级压缩制冷热泵循环性能研究[J].建筑科学,2011,27(6):83-86.(LIU Xiong,JIANG Qiaoqiao,LIU Ke,et al.Performance analysis on two-stage compression heat pump for simultaneously heating and cooling[J].Building Science,2011,27(6):83-86.)
[7]李军,吴一波.氨螺杆式高温热泵的应用范围分析[J].制冷与空调(北京),2017,17(2):1-4.(LI Jun,WU Yibo.Analysis on application range of ammonia screw high-temperature heat pump[J].Refrigeration and Airconditioning,2017,17(2):1-4.)
[8]马一太,田华,刘春涛,等.制冷与热泵产品的能效标准研究和循环热力学完善度的分析[J].制冷学报,2012,33(6):1-6.(MA Yitai,TIAN Hua,LIU Chuntao,et al.Analysis on energy efficiency of water chiller and water source heat pump systems with thermodynamic perfectibility[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2012,33(6):1-6.)
[9]吴正业,朱瑞琪,厉彦忠,等.制冷与低温技术原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004.(WU Yezheng,ZHU Ruiqi,LI Yanzhong,et al.The principle of refrigeration and cryogenic technology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2004.)
[10]王炳明,李建风,吴华根,等.NH3/CO2复叠制冷系统中CO2螺杆压缩机的研发[J].流体机械,2009,37(3):16-18.(WANG Bingming,LI Jianfeng,WU Huagen,et al.Development of twin screw CO2compressor for NH3/CO2cascade refrigeration system[J].Fluid Machinery,2009,37(3):16-18.)
[11]HUANG Tao,YUAN Dongli.Application of heat pump water heating system with heat recovery in ammonia refrigeration system[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,614/615:670-673.
[12]牛俊皓,吴华根,曹峰,等.新型宽温区高效制冷供热耦合集成系统的开发[J].制冷与空调(北京),2017,17(3):1-3.(NIU Junhao,WU Huagen,CAO Feng,et al.Development of the energy-efficient integrated system coupling refrigeration with heating used in wide temperature range[J].Refrigeration and Air-conditioning,2017,17(3):1-3.)
[13]SHAN Shiquan,LI Yuan.New Integrated solar system of refrigeration and heating with hot water for building and model analysis[J].Building Energy Efficiency,2016(2):105-109.
[14]江明旒,吴静怡,王如竹,等.多功能热泵机组的能效评价指标研究[J].制冷学报,2011,32(5):6-11.(JIANG Mingliu,WU Jingyi,WANG Ruzhu,et al.Research on efficiency evaluation of multi-functional heat pump[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2011,32(5):6-11.)