2016年全国伤害监测系统中上海市松江区的跌倒/坠落病例特征分析
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摘要
目的了解2016年上海市松江区在全国伤害监测系统中的跌倒/坠落病例分布特征,为预防控制跌倒/坠落发生提供科学依据。方法描述性分析2016年因跌倒/坠落而首次在松江区所有医疗机构门/急诊室就诊的病例。结果 2016年松江区跌倒/坠落病例29 280例,为导致伤害发生的首位原因;男女性别比为1.2∶1;15～64岁的劳动力人口占69.3%;跌倒/坠落发生的高峰时间段是上午8:00—8:59 (17.6%),其次是上午10:00—10:59 (12.4%);跌倒/坠落发生地点以家中(39.4%)、公路/街道(20.4%)与公共居住场所(17.2%)居多;跌倒/坠落发生时活动构成前三位是休闲活动(39.2%)、家务(19.3%)和工作(14.9%);受伤部位构成前三位依次为下肢(39.7%)、上肢(22.4%)和头部(18.8%);跌倒/坠落后的受伤性质主要为挫伤/擦伤(41.7%),其次为扭伤/拉伤(32.3%)和骨折(18.6%);跌倒/坠落后的伤害严重程度以轻伤为主(78.1%),随年龄的增长伤害严重程度逐渐增加。结论跌倒/坠落是松江区主要伤害类型,应针对其高发人群、高发时间段、高发地点等分布特征采取针对性的干预措施来预防控制。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of the injured cases from fall of 2016 in Songjiang District based on National Injury Surveillance System, and to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of falls.Methods Descriptive analysis was used to report the first fall-related cases from all the medical institutions and emergency rooms in Songjiang 2016. Results As the leading cause of injury, 29 280 fall cases were captured, with the gender ratio of1.2 in Songjiang District, Shanghai in 2016. Working population(aged 15—64 years old) accounted for 69.3% of all 29 280fall-related cases in 2016. The peak hours of fall occurrence were 8:00—8:59 a.m.(17.6%) followed by 10:00-10:59 a.m.(12.4%). The three most common occurrence places of falls were home(39.4%), roads/streets(20.4%) and public places(17.2%). Recreational activities(39.2%), housework(19.3%) and paid jobs(14.9%) were the three major activities causing falls. The most injured body parts were lower limbs(39.7%), upper limbs(22.4%) and head(18.8%), and bruise(41.7%),sprain/strain(32.3%) and fractures(18.6%) were the most frequent clinical symptoms of injury. 78.1% of fall-related cases caused minor injury and the severity of fall-related injury increased with age. Conclusions Falls were the most commoncause of injury in Songjiang District. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to prevent and control fall-related injury among high-risk populations, high-risk time periods, and high-risk places.
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of the injured cases from fall of 2016 in Songjiang District based on National Injury Surveillance System, and to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of falls.Methods Descriptive analysis was used to report the first fall-related cases from all the medical institutions and emergency rooms in Songjiang 2016. Results As the leading cause of injury, 29 280 fall cases were captured, with the gender ratio of1.2 in Songjiang District, Shanghai in 2016. Working population(aged 15—64 years old) accounted for 69.3% of all 29 280fall-related cases in 2016. The peak hours of fall occurrence were 8:00—8:59 a.m.(17.6%) followed by 10:00-10:59 a.m.(12.4%). The three most common occurrence places of falls were home(39.4%), roads/streets(20.4%) and public places(17.2%). Recreational activities(39.2%), housework(19.3%) and paid jobs(14.9%) were the three major activities causing falls. The most injured body parts were lower limbs(39.7%), upper limbs(22.4%) and head(18.8%), and bruise(41.7%),sprain/strain(32.3%) and fractures(18.6%) were the most frequent clinical symptoms of injury. 78.1% of fall-related cases caused minor injury and the severity of fall-related injury increased with age. Conclusions Falls were the most commoncause of injury in Songjiang District. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to prevent and control fall-related injury among high-risk populations, high-risk time periods, and high-risk places.
引文
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[3]耳玉亮,段蕾蕾,汪媛,等. 2008—2013年全国伤害监测系统中跌倒/坠落病例特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2015,36(1):12-16.
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[5]张静,格鹏飞,张丑吉,等.甘肃省2010年9所伤害监测哨点医院跌倒/坠落病例流行病学特征分析[J].中国初级卫生保健, 2011, 25(10):73-76.
[6]李茜,张庆军,张岚,等. 2015年湖北省伤害监测病例分布特征分析[J].中国社区医师, 2017(24):146-147,149.
[7]王兴任,董华,王红美,等.海南安定县2008—2013年跌倒/坠落伤害流行特征分析[J].中国热带医学, 2015, 15(6):720-722.
[8] Verma S K,Willetts J L, Corns H L, et al. Falls and Fall-Related Injuries among Community-Dwelling Adults in the United States[J]. PLOS ONE, 2016, 11(3):p. e0150939
[9]潭永位.松江统计年鉴(2017)[M].
[10]梅丹,姜杰,王晓锋,等.环境改善对老年人跌倒干预效果的评估[J].伤害医学(电子版), 2017, 6(4):14-18.
[11]袁红,易光辉.四川省城乡居民医院监测跌倒情况分析[J].伤害医学(电子版), 2015, 4(2):23-26.
[2] World Health Organization. Falls[EB/OL].[2017-12-6]. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs344/en/.
[3]耳玉亮,段蕾蕾,汪媛,等. 2008—2013年全国伤害监测系统中跌倒/坠落病例特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2015,36(1):12-16.
[4]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心.全国伤害医院监测数据集(2015)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社, 2017:61.
[5]张静,格鹏飞,张丑吉,等.甘肃省2010年9所伤害监测哨点医院跌倒/坠落病例流行病学特征分析[J].中国初级卫生保健, 2011, 25(10):73-76.
[6]李茜,张庆军,张岚,等. 2015年湖北省伤害监测病例分布特征分析[J].中国社区医师, 2017(24):146-147,149.
[7]王兴任,董华,王红美,等.海南安定县2008—2013年跌倒/坠落伤害流行特征分析[J].中国热带医学, 2015, 15(6):720-722.
[8] Verma S K,Willetts J L, Corns H L, et al. Falls and Fall-Related Injuries among Community-Dwelling Adults in the United States[J]. PLOS ONE, 2016, 11(3):p. e0150939
[9]潭永位.松江统计年鉴(2017)[M].
[10]梅丹,姜杰,王晓锋,等.环境改善对老年人跌倒干预效果的评估[J].伤害医学(电子版), 2017, 6(4):14-18.
[11]袁红,易光辉.四川省城乡居民医院监测跌倒情况分析[J].伤害医学(电子版), 2015, 4(2):23-26.