作物秸秆配施生物菌肥对宁南山区新修梯田土壤理化性状的影响
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摘要
针对宁南山区新修梯田有机培肥存在的问题,选择宁夏西吉县作为典型研究区,研究了作物秸秆配施生物菌肥对宁南山区新修梯田土壤理化性状及微生物学性状的影响情况。结果表明:施入生物菌肥可有效改善新修梯田土壤理化性状、增加土壤微生物数量,增加土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性,从而可促进作物秸秆有机物质的快速分解,弥补作物秸秆翻压还田后有机物质分解速度慢、长期施用化肥带来环境污染的缺陷;生物菌肥推荐施用量为2 250~3 000 kg/hm~2。
Aiming at the existing problems of organic manure of newly built terraced fields in the mountain area of southern Ningxia,the paper selected Xiji County of Ningxia as a typical studied area and studied the influence of crop straw with applying bacterial fertilizer to the soil physical and chemical properties and microbiological characters of newly built terraced fields in the mountain area of southern Ningxia. The outcomes show that a) applying bacterial fertilizer can effectively improve the soil physical and chemical properties of newly built terraced fields and increase the soil microbial quantity and the activities of urease,alkaline phosphatase and catalase of soil,thus promoting rapid decomposition of organic matter of crop straw and making up the defects of slow decomposition of organic matter after straw returning and environmental pollution caused by long-term fertilization and; b) the recommended quantity of bacterial fertilizer is 2 250-3 000 kg/hm~2.
Aiming at the existing problems of organic manure of newly built terraced fields in the mountain area of southern Ningxia,the paper selected Xiji County of Ningxia as a typical studied area and studied the influence of crop straw with applying bacterial fertilizer to the soil physical and chemical properties and microbiological characters of newly built terraced fields in the mountain area of southern Ningxia. The outcomes show that a) applying bacterial fertilizer can effectively improve the soil physical and chemical properties of newly built terraced fields and increase the soil microbial quantity and the activities of urease,alkaline phosphatase and catalase of soil,thus promoting rapid decomposition of organic matter of crop straw and making up the defects of slow decomposition of organic matter after straw returning and environmental pollution caused by long-term fertilization and; b) the recommended quantity of bacterial fertilizer is 2 250-3 000 kg/hm~2.
引文
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[9]DING Xueli,HAN Xiaozeng,LIANG Yao,et al.Changes in soil organic carbon pools after 10 years of continuous manuring combined with chemical fertilizer in a Mollisol in China[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2012,122(6):36-41.
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[2]布伦纳.土壤氮素分析法[M].曹亚澄,译.北京:农业出版社,1981:208-230.
[3]刘克礼,高聚林,任珂,等.旱作马铃薯氮素的吸收、积累和分配规律[J].中国马铃薯,2003,17(6):321-325.
[4]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1999:231-233.
[5]吴金水,林启美,黄巧云,等.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:1.
[6]孙权.农业资源与环境质量分析方法[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2004:9.
[7]王鹏.有机生物活性肥料对土壤肥力、微生物及酶活性的影响[J].安徽农学通报,2006,12(12):114-115.
[8]任泉,单武雄,肖润林,等.不同施肥措施对红壤丘陵茶园土壤酶活性及呼吸强度的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2007,28(4):498-500.
[9]DING Xueli,HAN Xiaozeng,LIANG Yao,et al.Changes in soil organic carbon pools after 10 years of continuous manuring combined with chemical fertilizer in a Mollisol in China[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2012,122(6):36-41.
[10]薛菁芳,高艳梅,汪景宽,等.土壤微生物量碳氮作为土壤肥力指标的探讨[J].土壤通报,2007,38(2):247-250.