尼罗罗非鱼盐碱选育三代盐碱耐受及生长性能研究
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摘要
为评估尼罗罗非鱼盐碱选育三代的盐碱耐受性能和生长性能,在淡水水箱(0.6 m×0.4 m×0.5 m)中进行盐碱选育三代鱼苗与对照(非选育群体)盐、碱慢性致死比较试验;同时,在养殖车间水泥池(6.0 m×5.0 m×1.6 m)中,设置淡水、盐度(10 g/L)、盐碱混合[(10,2)g/L、(10,4)g/L和(10,6)g/L]分别用S0A0、S10A0、S10A2、S10A4、S10A6表示5种处理,比较选育三代鱼种在不同盐碱环境中的生长特性。结果表明,选育三代与对照的半致死盐度分别为39.63(±2.12)、31.42(±2.42)g/L,半致死碱度分别为13.94(±0.25)、11.26(±0.15)g/L;养殖60 d的生长结果表明,处理S10A0、S10A2、S10A4、S10A6随着碱浓度的逐步增加,选育三代与对照日均质量增加率均呈下降趋势,在相同盐碱试验条件下,选育三代日均质量增加率均显著大于对照。
In order to assess the salinity-alkalinity tolerance and growth performance of the 3rd selected generation of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus,chronic salinity-alkalinity lethal test was carried out for the 3rd selected generation of tilapia fingerling and the control group in tanks of 0.6 m×0.4 m×0.5 m.And 60 days growth trail were carried out in cement tanks of each 6.0 m×5.0 m×1.6 m for the 3rd selected generation and the five control groups reared in fresh water(S0A0 group),salinity group(10 g/L,S10A0 group)and different salinity-alkalinity waters(10,2)g/L,S10A2 group(;10,4)g/L,S10A4 group;and(10,6)g/L,S10A6 group.It was found that the median lethal salinity was 39.63(±2.12)g/L for the 3rd selected generation,and 31.42(±2.42)g/L for the control group,and the median lethal alkalinity was 13.94(±0.25)g/L for the 3rd selected generation and 11.26(±0.15)g/L for the control group.The average growth rate of the 3rd generation and control group decreased in S10A0,S10A2,S10A4 and S10A6 groups with the elevation of alkalinity.Uder the same salinity-alkalinity condition,the average growth rate of the 3rd selected generation group was significantly higher than that of control group.
In order to assess the salinity-alkalinity tolerance and growth performance of the 3rd selected generation of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus,chronic salinity-alkalinity lethal test was carried out for the 3rd selected generation of tilapia fingerling and the control group in tanks of 0.6 m×0.4 m×0.5 m.And 60 days growth trail were carried out in cement tanks of each 6.0 m×5.0 m×1.6 m for the 3rd selected generation and the five control groups reared in fresh water(S0A0 group),salinity group(10 g/L,S10A0 group)and different salinity-alkalinity waters(10,2)g/L,S10A2 group(;10,4)g/L,S10A4 group;and(10,6)g/L,S10A6 group.It was found that the median lethal salinity was 39.63(±2.12)g/L for the 3rd selected generation,and 31.42(±2.42)g/L for the control group,and the median lethal alkalinity was 13.94(±0.25)g/L for the 3rd selected generation and 11.26(±0.15)g/L for the control group.The average growth rate of the 3rd generation and control group decreased in S10A0,S10A2,S10A4 and S10A6 groups with the elevation of alkalinity.Uder the same salinity-alkalinity condition,the average growth rate of the 3rd selected generation group was significantly higher than that of control group.
引文
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[14]郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭,等.盐度与碱度对花鲈幼鱼的毒性研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(3):116-118.
[15]范武江,李思发,孟庆辉,等.4种遗传型罗非鱼的耐盐慢性驯化表现[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(3):430-435.
[16]李思发.淡水鱼类种群生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1990.
[17]Watanabe W O,Kuo C M,Huang M C.The ontogeny of salinity tolerance in the tilapias Oreochromis aureus,O.niloticus,and O.mossambicus×O.niloticus hybrid,spawned and reared in freshwater[J].Aquaculture,1985,47(4):353-367.
[18]Breves J P,Hasegawa S,Yoshioka M,et al.Acute salinity challenges in Mozambique and Nile tilapia:differential responses of plasma prolactin,growth hormone and branchial expression of ion transporters[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2010,167(1):135-142.
[19]王飞,筴金华,张艳红,等.尼萨F2家系后代与混合后代幼鱼耐盐及生长比较[J].华北农学报,2013,28(5):278-282.
[20]Morgan J D,Iwama G K.Effects of salinity on growth,metabolism,and ion regulation in juvenile rainbow and steelhead trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)and fall chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1991,48:2083-2094.
[21]Nordie F G.The influence of environmental salinity on respiratory oxygen demands in the euryhaline teleost,Ambassis interrupta Bleeker[J].Comp Biochen Physiol,1978,59:271-274.
[22]陈林,李思发,简伟业,等.吉奥罗非鱼(新吉富罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)生长性能的评估[J].上海水产大学学报,2008(3):257-262.
[2]梁利群,任波,常玉梅,等.中国内陆咸(盐碱)水资源及渔业综合开发利用[J].中国渔业经济,2013,31(3):138-145.
[3]农业部渔业管理局.中国渔业统计年鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015:40-43.
[4]Al-Amoudi M M.Acclimation of commercially cultured Oreochromis species to sea water-an experimental study[J].Aquaculture,1987,65(3-4):333-342.
[5]Lemarie G,Baroiller J F,Clota F,et al.A simple test to estimate the salinity resistance of fish with specific application to O.niloticus and S.melanotheron.[J].Aquaculture,2004,240(1-4):575-587.
[6]么宗利,李思发,李学军,等.尼罗罗非鱼和以色列红罗非鱼耐盐驯化初步报告[J].上海水产大学学报,2003,12(2):97-101.
[7]邢宪利.盐碱地池塘养殖罗非鱼试验[J].河北渔业,2010(6):19-20.
[8]赵丽慧,筴金华,张艳红,等.不同盐、碱度下3品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼网箱养殖的生长比较[J].南方水产科学,2013,9(4):1-7.
[9]赵丽慧,筴金华,张艳红,等.3种品系尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)盐碱耐受性和生长比较[J].渔业科学进展,2014,35(5):26-32.
[10]梁从飞,赵丽慧,筴金华,等.尼罗罗非鱼基础群体与选育一代幼鱼盐碱度耐受性比较[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(8):227-231.
[11]梁从飞,筴金华,张艳红,等.尼罗罗非鱼选育一代耐盐碱和生长性能评估[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(9):115-119.
[12]吴俊伟,梁从飞,筴金华,等.尼罗罗非鱼盐碱选育二代幼鱼耐受性研究[J].河北渔业,2015,7(7):11-13.
[13]吴俊伟,涂翰卿,筴金华,等.尼罗罗非鱼选育二代盐碱耐受性和生长研究[J].水产学杂志.2016,29(3):30-34.
[14]郑伟刚,张兆琪,张美昭,等.盐度与碱度对花鲈幼鱼的毒性研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(3):116-118.
[15]范武江,李思发,孟庆辉,等.4种遗传型罗非鱼的耐盐慢性驯化表现[J].中国水产科学,2012,19(3):430-435.
[16]李思发.淡水鱼类种群生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1990.
[17]Watanabe W O,Kuo C M,Huang M C.The ontogeny of salinity tolerance in the tilapias Oreochromis aureus,O.niloticus,and O.mossambicus×O.niloticus hybrid,spawned and reared in freshwater[J].Aquaculture,1985,47(4):353-367.
[18]Breves J P,Hasegawa S,Yoshioka M,et al.Acute salinity challenges in Mozambique and Nile tilapia:differential responses of plasma prolactin,growth hormone and branchial expression of ion transporters[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2010,167(1):135-142.
[19]王飞,筴金华,张艳红,等.尼萨F2家系后代与混合后代幼鱼耐盐及生长比较[J].华北农学报,2013,28(5):278-282.
[20]Morgan J D,Iwama G K.Effects of salinity on growth,metabolism,and ion regulation in juvenile rainbow and steelhead trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)and fall chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1991,48:2083-2094.
[21]Nordie F G.The influence of environmental salinity on respiratory oxygen demands in the euryhaline teleost,Ambassis interrupta Bleeker[J].Comp Biochen Physiol,1978,59:271-274.
[22]陈林,李思发,简伟业,等.吉奥罗非鱼(新吉富罗非鱼♀×奥利亚罗非鱼♂)生长性能的评估[J].上海水产大学学报,2008(3):257-262.