湖南省永顺县发现亚洲宽耳蝠
|
摘要
2014年4月6日及2015年8月17日在湖南省永顺县小溪乡竹坪村和小溪村附近共获得2只雄性宽耳蝠标本。该蝠体型中等偏小,外耳廓呈方形,具有明显的横嵴,无耳突,耳屏呈尖三角形,双耳在额部相连,耳屏长近耳长的一半;背毛和腹毛黑棕色,毛尖偏白色,翼膜基部至股间膜的腹面毛色偏黄白色。脑颅骨略呈扁平状,听泡较小,齿式为2.1.2.3/3.1.2.3=34。综合外部形态、头骨特征、Cytb和ND1基因序列的比对及系统发育树的构建,将其鉴定为亚洲宽耳蝠(Barbastella leucomelas),属湖南省翼手目动物分布新记录种,标本分别保存于吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院动物标本室(标本号:20140406053)和广东省生物资源应用研究所(标本号:151126)。
Two males of barbastelle were obtained near of Zhuping Village and Xiaoxi Village, Xiaoxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province, on April 6 th, 2014 and August 17 th, 2015. It was a medium-sized species, and had triangular tragi and nearly square outline of ears with transverse ridges in shape. The ears joined across its forehead without a prominent projecting lobe, and the tragi length was nearly a half of ear(Fig. 1 a). The dorsal and ventral fur appeared black brown with the hair tip slightly white, the ventral hair between patagium base and uropatagium was partially yellow-white. The skull is slightly flattened, and the small of tympanic bulla, The dental formula of specimens is 2.1.2.3/3.1.2.3 = 34(Fig. 1 b﹣e). They were identified as Asian Barbastelle(Barbastella leucomelas) based on its external morphology, skull characteristics, and the comparison of Cyt b and ND1 gene sequences by construction of Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree(Fig. 2). The specimens of B. leucomelas were a new record of Chiroptera for Hunan Province, preserved in the Vertebrate Collection, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences of Jishou University and Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, respectively.
Two males of barbastelle were obtained near of Zhuping Village and Xiaoxi Village, Xiaoxi Town, Yongshun County, Hunan Province, on April 6 th, 2014 and August 17 th, 2015. It was a medium-sized species, and had triangular tragi and nearly square outline of ears with transverse ridges in shape. The ears joined across its forehead without a prominent projecting lobe, and the tragi length was nearly a half of ear(Fig. 1 a). The dorsal and ventral fur appeared black brown with the hair tip slightly white, the ventral hair between patagium base and uropatagium was partially yellow-white. The skull is slightly flattened, and the small of tympanic bulla, The dental formula of specimens is 2.1.2.3/3.1.2.3 = 34(Fig. 1 b﹣e). They were identified as Asian Barbastelle(Barbastella leucomelas) based on its external morphology, skull characteristics, and the comparison of Cyt b and ND1 gene sequences by construction of Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree(Fig. 2). The specimens of B. leucomelas were a new record of Chiroptera for Hunan Province, preserved in the Vertebrate Collection, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences of Jishou University and Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, respectively.
引文
Anthony E L P.1988.Age determination in bats∥Kunz T H.Ecological and Behavioral Methods for the Study of Bats.Washington,D.C.:Smithsonian Institution Press,47-58.
Baker R J,Bradley R D.2006.Speciation in mammals and the genetic species concept.Journal of Mammalogy,87(4):643.
Barratt E M,Deaville R,Burland T M,et al.1997.DNA answers the call of pipistrelle bat species.Nature,387(6629):138-139.
Hackethal H E,Grimmberger,Haensel J,et al.1988.Untersuchungen zur morphologischen Variabilit?t der Mopsfledermaus,Barbastella barbastellus(Schreber,1774)(Chiroptera Vespertilionidae).Nyctalus(Neue Folge),2:431-444.
Juste J,Ibá?ez C,Trujillo D,et al.2003.Phylogeography of Barbastelle bats(Barbastella barbastellus)in the Western Mediterranean and the Canary Islands.Acta Chiropterologica,5(2):165-175.
Kimura M.1980.A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences.Journal of Molecular Evolution,16:111-120.
Li G,Jones G,Rossiter S J,et al.2006.Phylogenetics of small horseshoe bats from East Asia based on mitochondrial DNAsequence variation.Journal of Mammalogy,87(6):1234-1240.
Spitzenberger F,Strelkov P P,Winkler H,et al.2006.A preliminary revision of the genus Plecotus,(Chiroptera,Vespertilionidae)based on genetic and morphological results.Zoologica Scripta,35(3):187-230.
Sun K P,Feng J,Jiang T L,et al.2008.A new cryptic species of Rhinolophus macrotis(Chiroptera:Rhinolophidae)from Jiangxi Province,China.Acta Chiropterologica,10(1):1-10.
Tamura K,Peterson D,Peterson N,et al.2011.MEGA5:molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood,evolutionary distance,and maximum parsimony methods.Molecular Biology&Evolution,28(10):2731-2739.
Trujillo D,Ibanez C,Juste J.2002.A new subspecies of Barbastella barbastellus(Mammalia:Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)from the Canary islands.Revue Suisse de Zoologie,109(3):543-550.
Yoshiyuki M.1989.A systematic study of the Japanese Chiroptera.National Science Museum Monographs,7:1-242.
Zhang J S,Han N J,Jones G,et al.2007.A new species of Barbastella(Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)from North China.Journal of Mammalogy,88(6):1393-1403.
蒋志刚.2015.中国哺乳动物多样性及地理分布.北京:科学出版社,123.
蒋志刚,江建平,王跃招,等.2016.中国脊椎动物红色名录.生物多样性,24(5):500-551.
刘森,薛茂盛,戴文涛,等.2017.河南济源发现亚洲宽耳蝠.动物学杂志,52(1):122-128.
Smith A T,解焱.2009.中国兽类野外手册.长沙:湖南教育出版社,311.
杨奇森,夏霖,冯祚建,等.2007.兽类头骨测量标准Ⅴ:食虫目、翼手目.动物学杂志,42(2):56-62.
Baker R J,Bradley R D.2006.Speciation in mammals and the genetic species concept.Journal of Mammalogy,87(4):643.
Barratt E M,Deaville R,Burland T M,et al.1997.DNA answers the call of pipistrelle bat species.Nature,387(6629):138-139.
Hackethal H E,Grimmberger,Haensel J,et al.1988.Untersuchungen zur morphologischen Variabilit?t der Mopsfledermaus,Barbastella barbastellus(Schreber,1774)(Chiroptera Vespertilionidae).Nyctalus(Neue Folge),2:431-444.
Juste J,Ibá?ez C,Trujillo D,et al.2003.Phylogeography of Barbastelle bats(Barbastella barbastellus)in the Western Mediterranean and the Canary Islands.Acta Chiropterologica,5(2):165-175.
Kimura M.1980.A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences.Journal of Molecular Evolution,16:111-120.
Li G,Jones G,Rossiter S J,et al.2006.Phylogenetics of small horseshoe bats from East Asia based on mitochondrial DNAsequence variation.Journal of Mammalogy,87(6):1234-1240.
Spitzenberger F,Strelkov P P,Winkler H,et al.2006.A preliminary revision of the genus Plecotus,(Chiroptera,Vespertilionidae)based on genetic and morphological results.Zoologica Scripta,35(3):187-230.
Sun K P,Feng J,Jiang T L,et al.2008.A new cryptic species of Rhinolophus macrotis(Chiroptera:Rhinolophidae)from Jiangxi Province,China.Acta Chiropterologica,10(1):1-10.
Tamura K,Peterson D,Peterson N,et al.2011.MEGA5:molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood,evolutionary distance,and maximum parsimony methods.Molecular Biology&Evolution,28(10):2731-2739.
Trujillo D,Ibanez C,Juste J.2002.A new subspecies of Barbastella barbastellus(Mammalia:Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)from the Canary islands.Revue Suisse de Zoologie,109(3):543-550.
Yoshiyuki M.1989.A systematic study of the Japanese Chiroptera.National Science Museum Monographs,7:1-242.
Zhang J S,Han N J,Jones G,et al.2007.A new species of Barbastella(Chiroptera:Vespertilionidae)from North China.Journal of Mammalogy,88(6):1393-1403.
蒋志刚.2015.中国哺乳动物多样性及地理分布.北京:科学出版社,123.
蒋志刚,江建平,王跃招,等.2016.中国脊椎动物红色名录.生物多样性,24(5):500-551.
刘森,薛茂盛,戴文涛,等.2017.河南济源发现亚洲宽耳蝠.动物学杂志,52(1):122-128.
Smith A T,解焱.2009.中国兽类野外手册.长沙:湖南教育出版社,311.
杨奇森,夏霖,冯祚建,等.2007.兽类头骨测量标准Ⅴ:食虫目、翼手目.动物学杂志,42(2):56-62.